1878–79 United States House of Representatives elections

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The 1878–79 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between June 3, 1878, and September 3, 1879. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before or after the first session of the 46th United States Congress convened on March 18, 1879. Elections were held for all 293 seats, representing 38 states. This was the last election cycle that at least one state held its regular congressional election in an oddnumbered year.

1878 United States House of Representatives elections
← 1876 & 1877
June 3, 1878 – September 3, 1879
1880 →
All 293 seats in the United States House of Representatives
147 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Samuel J. Randall James A. Garfield
Party Democratic Republican
Leader's seat Pennsylvania 3rd Ohio 19th
Last election 155 seats 136 seats
Seats won 141 132
Seat change 14 4
Popular vote 3,108,496 2,782,404
Percentage 44.20% 39.56%
Swing 7.07pp 6.91pp
  Third party Fourth party
 
Party Greenback Independent
Last election 0 seats 2 seats
Seats won 13 7
Seat change 13 5
Popular vote 864,325 193,666
Percentage 12.29% 2.75%
Swing 11.38pp 1.58pp
Results
     Democratic gain      Democratic hold
     Republican gain      Republican hold
     Independent gain      Independent hold
     Greenback gain
Speaker before election

Samuel Randall
Democratic

Elected Speaker

Samuel Randall
Democratic

These elections occurred in the middle of President Rutherford B. Hayes's term. With a sour economy as the nation's pressing issue, both major parties lost seats to the new Greenback Party, which was established to promote the long-term use of paper money as a solution to stop enormous economic fluctuations. The Democratic Party remained the largest party, but lost its majority. However, it allied with several independent politicians and was able to remain in power. This was the fourth and last recorded House election where both major parties lost seats at the same time.

Election summaries

↓
141 7 13 132
Democratic Republican
State Type Total
seats 		Democratic Ind. Democratic Greenback Republican
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Alabama District 8 7 1 0 1 1 0
Arkansas District 4 4 1 0 1 0 0
California District 4 1 1 0 0 3 1
Colorado At-large 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
Connecticut District 4 1 2 0 0 3 2
Delaware At-large 1 1 0 0 0
Florida District 2 1 1 0 0 1 1
Georgia District 9 6 2 3 2 0 0
Illinois District 19 6 2 0 1 1 12 1
Indiana District 13 6 2 0 1 1 6 3
Iowa District 9 0 0 2 2 7 2
Kansas District 3 0 0 0 3
Kentucky District 10 9 1 1 1 0 0
Louisiana District 6 6 1 0 0 0 1
Maine District 5 0 0 2 2 3 2
Maryland District 6 5 1 0 0 1 1
Massachusetts District 11 1 1 0 0 10 1
Michigan District 9 0 1 0 0 9 1
Minnesota District 3 1 1 0 0 2 1
Mississippi District 6 6 0 0 0
Missouri District 13 11 2 1 1 1 1 0 4
Nebraska At-large 1 0 0 0 1
Nevada At-large 1 0 0 0 1
New Hampshire District 3 0 1 0 0 3 1
New Jersey District 7 3 1 0 0 4 1
New York District 33 6 9 2 2 0 25 7
North Carolina District 8 7 0 1 1 0 1
Ohio District 20 11 3 0 0 9 3
Oregon At-large 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
Pennsylvania District 27 8 2 0 2 2 17
Rhode Island District 2 0 0 0 2
South Carolina District 5 5 3 0 0 0 3
Tennessee District 10 9 1 0 0 1 1
Texas District 6 5 1 0 1 1 0
Vermont District 3 0 0 1 1 2 1
Virginia District 9 8 0 0 1
West Virginia District 3 3 0 0 0
Wisconsin District 8 3 0 0 5
Total 293 141
48.1% 		14 7
2.4% 		5 13
4.4% 		13 132
45.1% 		5
Popular vote
Democratic
 
 44.20%
Republican
 
 39.56%
Greenback
 
 12.29%
Independent
 
 2.75%
Others
 
 1.20%
House seats
Democratic
 
 48.12%
Republican
 
 45.05%
Greenback
 
 4.44%
Independent
 
 2.39%

Election dates

In most states, the elections were held November 5, 1878.

In 1845, Congress set a uniform nationwide date for choosing presidential electors. This Act of Congress did not affect election dates for Congress, which remained within the jurisdiction of state governments, but over time, the states moved their congressional elections to this date as well. In this cycle, there were still 7 states with earlier election dates, and 1 with a later election date:

California's elections were the last time a state held congressional general elections after November.

Special elections

Elections are listed by date and district.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Louisiana 5 John E. Leonard Republican 1876 Incumbent died March 15, 1878.
New member elected November 5, 1878.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y J. Smith Young (Democratic)
  • [data missing]
Nebraska at-large Frank Welch Republican 1876 Incumbent died September 4, 1878.
New member elected November 5, 1878.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Thomas J. Majors (Republican)
  • ▌Alex Bear (Democratic)
  • [data missing]
New York 16 Terence J. Quinn Democratic 1876 Incumbent died June 18, 1878.
New member elected November 5, 1878.
Republican gain.
Winner also elected to the next term; see below.
  • ▌Y John Mosher Bailey (Republican)
  • [data missing]
Virginia 1 Beverly B. Douglas Democratic 1874 Incumbent died December 22, 1878.
New member elected January 23, 1879.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Richard L. T. Beale (Democratic)
  • [data missing]
Georgia 1 Julian Hartridge Democratic 1874 Incumbent died January 8, 1879.
New member elected and seated February 10, 1879.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y William B. Fleming (Democratic)
  • [data missing]
Texas 6 Gustav Schleicher Democratic 1874 Incumbent died January 10, 1879.
New member elected and seated April 15, 1879.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Christopher C. Upson (Democratic)
  • [data missing]
Iowa 5 Rush Clark Republican 1876 Incumbent died April 29, 1879.
New member elected October 14, 1879.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y William G. Thompson (Republican)
  • [data missing]
New York 12 Alexander Smith Republican 1878 Member-elect died November 5, 1878.
New member elected November 4, 1879.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Waldo Hutchins (Democratic)
  • [data missing]

Alabama

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Alabama 1 James T. Jones Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Thomas H. Herndon (Democratic) 69.10%
  • ▌Warner Bailey (Greenback) 30.90%
Alabama 2 Hilary A. Herbert Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Hilary A. Herbert (Democratic) 56.25%
  • ▌James P. Armstrong (Republican) 43.75%
Alabama 3 Jeremiah N. Williams Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y William J. Samford (Democratic) 88.43%
  • ▌French Strange (Independent) 9.64%
  • ▌William M. Russell (Republican) 1.93%
Alabama 4 Charles M. Shelley Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Charles M. Shelley (Democratic) 55.38%
  • ▌Jeremiah Haralson (Republican) 42.57%
  • ▌Jonathan H. Henry (Independent) 2.04%
Alabama 5 Robert F. Ligon Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Thomas Williams (Democratic) 70.51%
  • ▌Theodore Nunn (Greenback) 29.49%
Alabama 6 Goldsmith W. Hewitt Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Burwell B. Lewis (Democratic) 70.51%
  • ▌William R. Smith (Independent) 29.49%
Alabama 7 William H. Forney Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William H. Forney (Democratic) 96.57%
  • ▌N. B. Mardis (Independent) 3.43%
Alabama 8 William W. Garth Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y William M. Lowe (Greenback) 55.49%
  • ▌William W. Garth (Democratic) 44.51%

Arkansas

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Arkansas 1 Lucien C. Gause Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Poindexter Dunn (Democratic) 100.0%
Arkansas 2 William F. Slemons Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William F. Slemons (Democratic) 57.20%
  • ▌John G. Bradley (Greenback) 43.80%
Arkansas 3 Jordan E. Cravens Independent
Democratic 		1876 Incumbent re-elected as a Democrat.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Jordan E. Cravens (Democratic) 51.19%
  • ▌Milton L. Rice (Greenback) 48.81%
Arkansas 4 Thomas M. Gunter Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas M. Gunter (Democratic) 59.77%
  • ▌J. F. Cunningham (Ind. Democratic) 29.42%
  • ▌Byrd Smith (Greenback) 10.80%

California

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
California 1 Horace Davis Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Horace Davis (Republican) 48.41%
  • ▌Clitus Barbour (Workingmen) 44.50%
  • ▌Charles R. Summer (Democratic) 7.09%
California 2 Horace F. Page Republican 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Horace F. Page (Republican) 51.87%
  • ▌Thomas J. Clunie (Democratic) 34.38%
  • ▌H. P. Williams (Workingmen) 13.75%
California 3 John K. Luttrell Democratic 1872 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Campbell P. Berry (Democratic) 50.16%
  • ▌Joseph McKenna (Republican) 49.61%
  • ▌George T. Elliott (Workingmen) 0.23%
California 4 Romualdo Pacheco Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Romualdo Pacheco (Republican) 40.47%
  • ▌Wallace Leach (Democratic) 31.84%
  • ▌James J. Ayers (Workingmen) 27.68%

Colorado

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Colorado at-large None New state.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y James B. Belford (Republican) 49.93%
  • ▌Thomas M. Patterson (Democratic) 41.93%
  • ▌Henry C. Childs (Greenback) 8.14%

Patterson successfully contested the election and was seated March 4, 1877.

Connecticut

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Connecticut 1 George M. Landers Democratic 1875 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Joseph R. Hawley (Republican) 52.2%
  • ▌George M. Landers (Democratic) 43.8%
  • ▌Herbert Baker (Greenback) 3.7%
  • ▌Horace Johnson (Prohibition) 0.3%
Connecticut 2 James Phelps Democratic 1875 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y James Phelps (Democratic) 53.2%
  • ▌Benjamin Douglas (Republican) 45.9%
  • ▌Calvin Harrington (Prohibition) 0.9%
Connecticut 3 John T. Wait Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John T. Wait (Republican) 53.7%
  • ▌Charles W. Carter (Republican) 44.1%
  • ▌Elisha Palmer (Prohibition) 2.2%
Connecticut 4 Levi Warner Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Frederick Miles (Republican) 48.7%
  • ▌Frederick W. Bruggerhoff (Republican) 44.6%
  • ▌James S. Taylor (Greenback) 6.3%
  • ▌Ambrose S. Rogers (Prohibition) 0.3%

Delaware

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Delaware at-large James Williams Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Edward L. Martin (Democratic) 78.10%
  • ▌John G. Jackson (Greenback) 21.90%

Florida

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Florida 1 Robert H. M. Davidson Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Robert H. M. Davidson (Democratic) 56.80%
  • ▌Simon B. Conover (Republican) 40.90%
  • ▌Edmund C. Weeks (Ind. Republican) 2.29%
Florida 2 Horatio Bisbee Jr. Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Noble A. Hull (Democratic) 50.03%
  • ▌Horatio Bisbee Jr. (Republican) 49.97%

In the 2nd district the difference between the two candidates, in the initial returns, was just 22 votes. Bisbee challenged Hull's election, and was eventually awarded the seat on January 22, 1881.

Georgia

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Georgia 1 Julian Hartridge Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y John C. Nicholls (Democratic) 62.76%
  • ▌S. A. Corker (Republican) 37.24%
Georgia 2 William E. Smith Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William E. Smith (Democratic) 69.05%
  • ▌E. C. Wade (Republican) 30.95%
Georgia 3 Philip Cook Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Philip Cook (Democratic) 100.0%
Georgia 4 Henry R. Harris Democratic 1872 Incumbent lost re-election.
Independent Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Henry Persons (Ind. Democratic) 56.09%
  • ▌Henry R. Harris (Democratic) 42.48%
  • ▌L. J. Milam (Independent) 0.91%
  • ▌J. C. Fuller (Independent) 0.51%
Georgia 5 Milton A. Candler Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Nathaniel J. Hammond (Democratic) 55.64%
  • ▌Reuben Arnold (Greenback) 44.36%
Georgia 6 James H. Blount Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y James H. Blount (Democratic) 99.44%
  • ▌Scattering (Independent) 0.56%
Georgia 7 William H. Felton Independent
Democratic 		1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William H. Felton (Ind. Democratic) 52.47%
  • ▌G. N. Lester (Democratic) 47.53%
Georgia 8 Alexander H. Stephens Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Alexander H. Stephens (Democratic) 98.30%
  • ▌Scattering (Independent) 1.70%
Georgia 9 Hiram P. Bell Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost renomination.
Independent Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Emory Speer (Ind. Democratic) 50.51%
  • ▌Joel A. Billups (Democratic) 49.49%

Illinois

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Illinois 1 William Aldrich Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William Aldrich (Republican) 51.84%
  • ▌James R. Doolittle (Democratic) 30.41%
  • ▌John McAscliff (Socialist Labor) 9.89%
  • ▌William V. Barr (Greenback) 7.86%
Illinois 2 Carter Harrison Sr. Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired to
run for Mayor of Chicago.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y George R. Davis (Republican) 49.59%
  • ▌Miles Kehoe (Democratic) 29.29%
  • ▌George A. Schilling (Socialist Labor) 11.85%
  • ▌James Felch (Greenback) 7.67%
  • ▌J. H. Condon (Independent) 1.25%
  • ▌John Sebolski (Independent) 0.35%
Illinois 3 Lorenzo Brentano Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-nomination.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Hiram Barber Jr. (Republican) 53.06%
  • ▌Lambert Tree (Democratic) 29.26%
  • ▌Benjamin Sebley (Independent) 12.78%
  • ▌A. B. Cornell (Greenback) 4.90%
Illinois 4 William Lathrop Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y John C. Sherwin (Republican) 61.79%
  • ▌Jonathan C. Staighton (Democratic) 21.50%
  • ▌Augustus Adams (Greenback) 16.71%
Illinois 5 Horatio C. Burchard Republican 1869 (special) Incumbent lost re-nomination.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Robert M. A. Hawk (Republican) 53.42%
  • ▌Mortimer D. Hathaway (Democratic) 23.33%
  • ▌John M. King (Greenback) 23.24%
Illinois 6 Thomas J. Henderson Republican 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas J. Henderson (Republican) 52.47%
  • ▌James W. Haney (Greenback) 31.94%
  • ▌Charles Dunham (Democratic) 15.59%
Illinois 7 Philip C. Hayes Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Philip C. Hayes (Republican) 46.54%
  • ▌Alexander Campbell (Greenback) 28.29%
  • ▌W. S. Brooks (Democratic) 25.17%
Illinois 8 Greenbury L. Fort Republican 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Greenbury L. Fort (Republican) 49.72%
  • ▌Chris C. Strawn (Greenback) 29.01%
  • ▌Thomas M. Shaw (Democratic) 21.27%
Illinois 9 Thomas A. Boyd Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas A. Boyd (Republican) 43.76%
  • ▌George A. Wilson (Democratic) 40.68%
  • ▌Aloxr H. Keighan (Greenback) 15.56%
Illinois 10 Benjamin F. Marsh Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Benjamin F. Marsh (Republican) 44.50%
  • ▌Delos P. Phelps (Democratic) 42.33%
  • ▌Alson J. Streeter (Greenback) 13.17%
Illinois 11 Robert M. Knapp Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y James W. Singleton (Democratic) 54.49%
  • ▌James P. Dimmitt (Republican) 31.69%
  • ▌William H. Pogue (Prohibition) 13.82%
Illinois 12 William M. Springer Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William M. Springer (Democratic) 47.69%
  • ▌John Cook (Republican) 34.78%
  • ▌John Mathers (Greenback) 17.53%
Illinois 13 Thomas F. Tipton Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Adlai Stevenson I (Democratic) 53.22%
  • ▌Thomas F. Tipton (Republican) 46.26%
  • ▌L. M. Bickmore (Prohibition) 0.52%
Illinois 14 Joseph G. Cannon Republican 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Joseph G. Cannon (Republican) 46.16%
  • ▌Maldon Jones (Democratic) 38.84%
  • ▌Jesse Harper (Greenback) 15.00%
Illinois 15 John R. Eden Democratic 1872 Incumbent lost renomination
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y Albert P. Forsythe (Greenback) 50.31%
  • ▌Hiram B. Decias (Democratic) 49.69%
Illinois 16 William A. J. Sparks Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William A. J. Sparks (Democratic) 48.75%
  • ▌Basil B. Smith (Republican) 42.18%
  • ▌James Creed (Greenback) 9.07%
Illinois 17 William R. Morrison Democratic 1862 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William R. Morrison (Democratic) 50.47%
  • ▌John Baker (Republican) 43.04%
  • ▌William E. Moberly (Greenback) 6.48%
Illinois 18 William Hartzell Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y John R. Thomas (Republican) 46.62%
  • ▌William J. Allen (Democratic) 44.37%
  • ▌S. J. Davis (Greenback) 9.02%
Illinois 19 Richard W. Townshend Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Richard W. Townshend (Democratic) 53.31%
  • ▌Robert Bell (Republican) 34.64%
  • ▌Seth F. Crews (Greenback) 12.04%

Indiana

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Indiana 1 Benoni S. Fuller Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y William Heilman (Republican) 48.66%
  • ▌Thomas E. Garvin (Democratic) 45.77%
  • ▌Thomas F. Debruler (Greenback) 5.57%
Indiana 2 Thomas R. Cobb Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas R. Cobb (Democratic) 55.06%
  • ▌Richard M. Welman (Republican) 38.26%
  • ▌William L. Green (Greenback) 6.69%
Indiana 3 George A. Bicknell Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y George A. Bicknell (Democratic) 57.91%
  • ▌Ara E. Long (Republican) 35.99%
  • ▌John F. Willy (Greenback) 6.10%
Indiana 4 Leonidas Sexton Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Jeptha D. New (Democratic) 50.49%
  • ▌Leonidas Sexton (Republican) 48.85%
  • ▌Robert Gregg (Greenback) 0.66%
Indiana 5 Thomas M. Browne Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas M. Browne (Republican) 50.08%
  • ▌William S. Holman (Democratic) 47.03%
  • ▌William C. Jeffries (Greenback) 2.89%
Indiana 6 Milton S. Robinson Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y William R. Myers (Democratic) 47.89%
  • ▌William Grose (Republican) 46.06%
  • ▌Reuben A. Riley (Greenback) 6.05%
Indiana 7 John Hanna Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y Gilbert De La Matyr (Greenback) 51.14%
  • ▌John Hanna (Republican) 48.86%
Indiana 8 Morton C. Hunter Republican 1872 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Abraham J. Hostetler (Democratic) 43.56%
  • ▌Morton C. Hunter (Republican) 40.12%
  • ▌Henry A. White (Greenback) 16.31%
Indiana 9 Michael D. White Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Godlove S. Orth (Republican) 43.73%
  • ▌James McCabe (Democratic) 43.46%
  • ▌Leroy Templeton (Greenback) 12.81%
Indiana 10 William H. Calkins Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William H. Calkins (Republican) 45.16%
  • ▌Morgan H. Weir (Democratic) 39.41%
  • ▌John N. Skinner (Greenback) 15.44%
Indiana 11 James L. Evans Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Calvin Cowgill (Republican) 47.23%
  • ▌David D. Dykeman (Democratic) 39.81%
  • ▌David Moss (Greenback) 12.96%
Indiana 12 Andrew H. Hamilton Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Walpole G. Colerick (Democratic) 63.73%
  • ▌John Studebaker (Democratic) 36.27%
Indiana 13 John Baker Republican 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John Baker (Republican) 47.20%
  • ▌John B. Stoll (Democratic) 42.04%
  • ▌William C. Williams (Greenback) 10.76%

Iowa

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Iowa 1 Joseph C. Stone Republican 1876 Incumbent lost renomination
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Moses A. McCoid (Republican) 48.58%
  • ▌Wesley C. Hobbs (Democratic) 30.38%
  • ▌A. H. Breman (Greenback) 21.05%
Iowa 2 Hiram Price Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Hiram Price (Republican) 49.75%
  • ▌W. F. Brannan (Democratic) 35.47%
  • ▌Jacob Geiger (Greenback) 14.77%
Iowa 3 Theodore W. Burdick Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Thomas Updegraff (Republican) 43.85%
  • ▌Fred O'Donnell (Democratic) 37.52%
  • ▌S. T. Spangler (Greenback) 18.63%
Iowa 4 Nathaniel C. Deering Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Nathaniel C. Deering (Republican) 60.83%
  • ▌Luman H. Weller (Greenback) 20.38%
  • ▌William V. Allen (Greenback) 18.79%
Iowa 5 Rush Clark Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Rush Clark (Republican) 52.78%
  • ▌George Carter (Democratic) 44.63%
  • ▌Timothy Brown (Greenback) 2.59%
Iowa 6 Ezekiel S. Sampson Republican 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y James B. Weaver (Greenback) 53.35%
  • ▌Ezekiel S. Sampson (Republican) 46.65%
Iowa 7 Henry J. B. Cummings Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y Edward H. Gillette (Greenback) 51.45%
  • ▌Henry J. B. Cummings (Republican) 48.55%
Iowa 8 William F. Sapp Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William F. Sapp (Republican) 50.21%
  • ▌George C. Hicks (Greenback) 25.40%
  • ▌John H. Keatley (Democratic) 24.39%
Iowa 9 S. Addison Oliver Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Cyrus C. Carpenter (Republican) 54.91%
  • ▌L. Q. Hoggartt (Greenback) 41.08%
  • ▌Walter Brown (Democratic) 4.00%

Kansas

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Kansas 1 William A. Phillips Republican 1872 Incumbent lost renomination
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y John A. Anderson (Republican) 59.61%
  • ▌J. R. McClure (Democratic) 29.20%
  • ▌E. Gale (Greenback) 11.19%
Kansas 2 Dudley C. Haskell Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Dudley C. Haskell (Republican) 44.97%
  • ▌C. W. Blair (Democratic) 31.40%
  • ▌P. P. Elder (Greenback) 23.54%
Kansas 3 Thomas Ryan Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas Ryan (Republican) 56.83%
  • ▌F. Doser (Greenback) 24.90%
  • ▌J. B. Fugate (Democratic) 18.27%

Kentucky

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Kentucky 1 Andrew Boone Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Oscar Turner (Ind. Democratic) 42.87%
  • ▌Lawrence S. Trimble (Democratic) 34.97%
  • ▌E. W. Bagby (Republican) 22.15%
Kentucky 2 James A. McKenzie Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y James A. McKenzie (Democratic) 61.38%
  • ▌John W. Feighan (Republican) 23.50%
  • ▌Francis M. English (Greenback) 15.12%
Kentucky 3 John W. Caldwell Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John W. Caldwell (Democratic) 46.32%
  • ▌W. Godfrey Hunter (Republican) 42.10%
  • ▌George Wright (Greenback) 11.58%
Kentucky 4 J. Proctor Knott Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y J. Proctor Knott (Democratic) 65.04%
  • ▌J. D. Belden (Republican) 33.48%
  • ▌John W. Lewis (Greenback) 1.48%
Kentucky 5 Albert S. Willis Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Albert S. Willis (Democratic) 40.51%
  • ▌J. Watts Kearney (Democratic) 33.30%
  • ▌Horace Scott (Republican) 24.48%
  • ▌Blanton Duncan (Greenback) 1.70%
Kentucky 6 John G. Carlisle Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John G. Carlisle (Democratic) 75.87%
  • ▌Joseph H. Hermes (Independent) 24.13%
Kentucky 7 J. C. S. Blackburn Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y J. C. S. Blackburn (Democratic) 69.78%
  • ▌George C. Drane (Republican) 28.68%
  • ▌John L. Scott (Independent) 1.54%
Kentucky 8 Milton J. Durham Democratic 1872 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Philip B. Thompson Jr. (Democratic) 53.80%
  • ▌George Denny (Republican) 46.20%
Kentucky 9 Thomas Turner Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas Turner (Democratic) 55.45%
  • ▌John Dills (Republican) 43.15%
  • ▌James G. Carter (Greenback) 1.40%
Kentucky 10 John B. Clarke Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Elijah Phister (Democratic) 65.34%
  • ▌B. F. Bennett (Republican) 23.70%
  • ▌James Kilgore (Greenback) 10.97%

Louisiana

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Louisiana 1 Randall L. Gibson Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Randall L. Gibson (Democratic) 63.60%
  • ▌H. C. Castellanos (Republican) 36.40%
Louisiana 2 E. John Ellis Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y E. John Ellis (Democratic) 58.97%
  • ▌E. N. Collom (Greenback) 34.91%
  • ▌Michael Hahn (Republican) 6.12%
Louisiana 3 Joseph H. Acklen Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Joseph H. Acklen (Democratic) 48.77%
  • ▌R. O. Herbert (Republican) 33.89%
  • ▌W. B. Merchant (Independent Democratic) 17.34%
Louisiana 4 Joseph B. Elam Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Joseph B. Elam (Democratic) 89.15%
  • ▌J. M. Wells (Republican) 10.85%
Louisiana 5 J. Smith Young Democratic 1878 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y J. Floyd King (Democratic) 77.87%
  • ▌J. T. Ludling (Republican) 22.13%
Louisiana 6 Edward W. Robertson Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Edward W. Robertson (Democratic) 66.14%
  • ▌W. L. Larimore (Independent) 33.86%

Maine

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Maine 1 Thomas B. Reed Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thomas B. Reed (Republican) 46.23%
  • ▌Samuel J. Anderson (Democratic) 32.00%
  • ▌Edward H. Gove (Greenback) 21.77%
Maine 2 William P. Frye Republican 1870 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William P. Frye (Republican) 49.20%
  • ▌Solon Chase (Greenback) 36.46%
  • ▌S. Clifford Belcher (Democratic) 14.34%
Maine 3 Stephen Lindsey Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Stephen Lindsey (Republican) 44.39%
  • ▌William Philbrick (Greenback) 32.60%
  • ▌Franklin Smith (Democratic) 23.01%
Maine 4 Llewellyn Powers Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y George W. Ladd (Greenback) 56.14%
  • ▌Llewellyn Powers (Republican) 43.86%
Maine 5 Eugene Hale Republican 1868 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y Thompson H. Murch (Greenback) 48.43%
  • ▌Eugene Hale (Republican) 42.28%
  • ▌Joseph H. Martin (Democratic) 9.29%

Maryland

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Maryland 1 Daniel M. Henry Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Daniel M. Henry (Democratic) 52.49%
  • ▌Samuel A. Graham (Republican) 47.51%
Maryland 2 Charles B. Roberts Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y J. Frederick C. Talbott (Democratic) 66.87%
  • ▌George B. Milligan (Ind. Democratic) 24.48%
  • ▌A. P. McCombs (Greenback) 8.66%
Maryland 3 William Kimmel Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William Kimmel (Democratic) 70.41%
  • ▌Joseph Thompson (Socialist Labor) 29.59%
Maryland 4 Thomas Swann Democratic 1868 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Robert M. McLane (Democratic) 58.98%
  • ▌Jonathan C. Holland (Republican) 35.56%
  • ▌William L. Quigley (Socialist Labor) 3.34%
Maryland 5 Eli J. Henkle Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Eli J. Henkle (Democratic) 53.97%
  • ▌J. Parran Crane (Republican) 45.20%
  • ▌Eugene B. Calvert (Greenback) 0.84%
Maryland 6 William Walsh Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Milton Urner (Republican) 49.69%
  • ▌George Peter (Democratic) 43.62%
  • ▌Horace Resley (Greenback) 6.69%

Massachusetts

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Massachusetts 1 William W. Crapo Republican 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William W. Crapo (Republican) 62.32%
  • ▌Matthias Ellis (Democratic) 36.59%
  • ▌Rodney French (Prohibition) 1.09%
Massachusetts 2 Benjamin W. Harris Republican 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Benjamin W. Harris (Republican) 58.75%
  • ▌Edgar E. Dean (Greenback) 22.05%
  • ▌Edward Avery (Democratic) 17.63%
  • ▌Thomas J. Lothrop (Prohibition) 1.58%
Massachusetts 3 Benjamin Dean Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Walbridge A. Field (Republican) 51.03%
  • ▌Benjamin Dean (Democratic) 48.97%
Massachusetts 4 Leopold Morse Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Leopold Morse (Democratic) 60.34%
  • ▌Martin Brimmer (Republican) 39.66%
Massachusetts 5 Nathaniel P. Banks Republican 1874 Incumbent lost renomination.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Selwyn Z. Bowman (Republican) 58.37%
  • ▌▌Nathan Clark (Democratic) 41.63%
Massachusetts 6 George B. Loring Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y George B. Loring (Republican) 44.52%
  • ▌E. Moody Boynton (Greenback) 44.03%
  • ▌James H. Carleton (Democratic) 11.45%
Massachusetts 7 Benjamin Butler Republican 1876 Incumbent retired to run for governor.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y William A. Russell (Republican) 55.23%
  • ▌John K. Tarbox (Democratic) 32.29%
  • ▌Samuel M. Stevens (Greenback) 11.87%
  • ▌James G. Abbott (Prohibition) 0.60%
Massachusetts 8 William Claflin Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William Claflin (Republican) 54.41%
  • ▌Isaac Bradford (Democratic) 44.74%
  • ▌George W. Stacey (Prohibition) 0.85%
Massachusetts 9 William W. Rice Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y William W. Rice (Republican) 59.02%
  • ▌Eli Thayer (Democratic) 39.78%
  • ▌T. A. Smith (Prohibition) 1.18%
Massachusetts 10 Amasa Norcross Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Amasa Norcross (Republican) 55.54%
  • ▌Wilbur F. Whitney (Greenback) 29.10%
  • ▌James S. Grinnell (Democratic) 15.36%
Massachusetts 11 George D. Robinson Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y George D. Robinson (Republican) 51.75%
  • ▌▌Edward H. Lathrop (Democratic) 37.86%
  • ▌Jarvis N. Dunham (Democratic) 9.80%
  • ▌Albert C. Woodworth (Independent) 0.60%

Michigan

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Michigan 1 Alpheus S. Williams Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y John S. Newberry (Republican) 40.85%
  • ▌Alpheus S. Williams (Democratic) 35.37%
  • ▌John Heffron (Greenback) 23.78%
  • ▌Arthur D. Power (Prohibition) 0.22%
Michigan 2 Edwin Willits Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Edwin Willits (Republican) 40.85%
  • ▌Ira B. Card (Democratic) 29.71%
  • ▌Levi H. Thomas (Greenback) 24.07%
  • ▌A. H. Lowie (Prohibition) 1.73%
Michigan 3 Jonas H. McGowan Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Jonas H. McGowan (Republican) 41.68%
  • ▌John Dawson (Greenback) 35.78%
  • ▌James S. Upton (Democratic) 18.38%
  • ▌Samuel Dickie (Prohibition) 4.16%
Michigan 4 Edwin W. Keightley Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Julius C. Burrows (Republican) 47.14%
  • ▌Andrew J. Eldred (Democratic) 27.06%
  • ▌Thomas R. Sherwood (Greenback) 25.80%
Michigan 5 John W. Stone Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John W. Stone (Republican) 45.77%
  • ▌Charles C. Comstock (Greenback) 43.73%
  • ▌Hiram J. Hoyt (Democratic) 9.93%
  • ▌Dennis Dreskell (Prohibition) 0.57%
Michigan 6 Mark S. Brewer Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Mark S. Brewer (Republican) 45.10%
  • ▌Hugh McCurdy (Democratic) 37.99%
  • ▌James I. Meade (Greenback) 15.32%
  • ▌M. M. Burnham (Prohibition) 1.59%
Michigan 7 Omar D. Conger Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Omar D. Conger (Republican) 47.39%
  • ▌William T. Mitchell (Democratic) 35.48%
  • ▌Charles F. Mallory (Greenback) 17.13%
Michigan 8 Charles C. Ellsworth Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Roswell G. Horr (Republican) 39.72%
  • ▌B. M. Thompson (Democratic) 31.70%
  • ▌Herbert M. Hoyt (Greenback) 28.15%
Michigan 9 Jay A. Hubbell Republican 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Jay A. Hubbell (Republican) 53.08%
  • ▌John Powers (Democratic) 26.01%
  • ▌George Parmelee (Greenback) 20.91%

Minnesota

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Minnesota 1 Mark H. Dunnell Republican 1870 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Mark H. Dunnell (Republican) 57.48%
  • ▌William Meighan (Democratic) 39.66%
  • ▌George W. Green (Prohibition) 2.86%
Minnesota 2 Horace B. Strait Republican 1872 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Henry Poehler (Democratic) 50.01%
  • ▌Horace B. Strait (Republican) 47.50%
  • ▌George C. Chamberlain (Greenback) 2.06%
  • ▌Isaac C. Stearns (Prohibition) 0.43%
Minnesota 3 Jacob H. Stewart Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y William D. Washburn (Republican) 53.88%
  • ▌Ignatius L. Donnelly (Democratic) 46.12%

Mississippi

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Mississippi 1 Henry L. Muldrow Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Henry L. Muldrow (Democratic) 59.35%
  • ▌Reuben Davis (Greenback) 40.25%
  • ▌W. D. Frazee (Independent) 0.40%
Mississippi 2 Van. H. Manning Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Van. H. Manning (Democratic) 52.02%
  • ▌J. H. Amacker (Republican) 44.94%
  • ▌C. H. Allen (Independent) 2.88%
  • ▌Daniel B. Wright (Greenback) 0.16%
Mississippi 3 Hernando Money Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Hernando Money (Democratic) 100.0%
Mississippi 4 Otho R. Singleton Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Otho R. Singleton (Democratic) 100.0%
Mississippi 5 Charles E. Hooker Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Charles E. Hooker (Democratic) 87.53%
  • ▌J. B. Deason (Republican) 12.47%
Mississippi 6 James R. Chalmers Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y James R. Chalmers (Democratic) 83.26%
  • ▌E. J. Castello (Republican) 16.74%

Missouri

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Missouri 1 Anthony F. Ittner Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Martin L. Clardy (Democratic) 48.36%
  • ▌Henry Ziegenhein (Republican) 33.26%
  • ▌Henry Eshbaugh (Greenback) 12.69%
  • ▌F. Westermeyer (Socialist Labor) 5.69%
Missouri 2 Nathan Cole Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Erastus Wells (Democratic) 42.70%
  • ▌Nathan Cole (Republican) 41.21%
  • ▌John Hogan (Greenback) 13.31%
  • ▌William Hossfield (Socialist Labor) 2.78%
Missouri 3 Lyne Metcalfe Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y R. Graham Frost (Democratic) 45.23%
  • ▌Lyne Metcalfe (Republican) 33.25%
  • ▌H. C. Vandillen (Greenback) 13.83%
  • ▌G. Bartholomeus (Socialist Labor) 7.13%
Missouri 4 Robert A. Hatcher Democratic 1872 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Lowndes H. Davis (Democratic) 61.35%
  • ▌Sol G. Kitchen (Greenback) 34.79%
  • ▌Charles E. Moss (Republican) 3.86%
Missouri 5 Richard P. Bland Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Richard P. Bland (Democratic) 56.64%
  • ▌J. J. Ware (Greenback) 40.24%
  • ▌W. C. Mings (Independent) 3.11%
Missouri 6 Charles H. Morgan Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y James R. Waddill (Democratic) 43.99%
  • ▌Charles G. Burton (Republican) 28.77%
  • ▌M. H. Ritchey (Greenback) 27.24%
Missouri 7 Thomas T. Crittenden Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Alfred M. Lay (Democratic) 51.49%
  • ▌James Boyd (Greenback) 26.75%
  • ▌A. A. Underwood (Republican) 21.77%
Missouri 8 Benjamin J. Franklin Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Samuel L. Sawyer (Ind. Democratic) 48.95%
  • ▌John T. Crisp (Democratic) 44.87%
  • ▌L. G. Jeffers (Greenback) 6.17%
Missouri 9 David Rea Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
  • ▌Y Nicholas Ford (Greenback) 51.74%
  • ▌David Rea (Democratic) 48.26%
Missouri 10 Henry M. Pollard Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Gideon F. Rothwell (Democratic) 47.19%
  • ▌Henry M. Pollard (Republican) 34.69%
  • ▌E. J. Broaddus (Greenback) 18.12%
Missouri 11 John B. Clark Jr. Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John B. Clark Jr. (Democratic) 98.92%
  • ▌Scattering (Independent) 1.08%
Missouri 12 John M. Glover Democratic 1872 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y William H. Hatch (Democratic) 45.09%
  • ▌John M. London (Greenback) 38.34%
  • ▌Dan M. Draper (Republican) 16.56%
Missouri 13 Aylett H. Buckner Democratic 1872 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Aylett H. Buckner (Democratic) 59.21%
  • ▌T. J. Fagg (Greenback) 32.57%
  • ▌T. B. Robinson (Ind. Government) 8.22%

Nebraska

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Nebraska at-large Vacant due to Welch's death Incumbent died September 4, 1878.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Edward K. Valentine (Republican) 56.58%
  • ▌J. W. Davis (Democratic) 43.42%

Nevada

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Nevada at-large Thomas Wren Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Rollin M. Daggett (Republican) 51.81%
  • ▌W. E. Deal (Democratic) 48.19%

New Hampshire

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
New Hampshire 1 Frank Jones Democratic 1875 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Joshua G. Hall (Republican) 50.57%
  • ▌Herbert F. Norris (Democratic) 40.88%
  • ▌Lafayette Chesley (Greenback) 8.55%
New Hampshire 2 James F. Briggs Republican 1877 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y James F. Briggs (Republican) 52.10%
  • ▌Alvah W. Sulloway (Democratic) 39.57%
  • ▌Cyrus A. Sulloway (Greenback) 8.33%
New Hampshire 3 Henry W. Blair Republican 1877 Incumbent elected to the U.S. Senate.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Evarts W. Farr (Republican) 49.06%
  • ▌Henry O. Kent (Democratic) 44.68%
  • ▌James W. Johnson (Greenback) 6.27%

New Jersey

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
New Jersey 1 Clement H. Sinnickson Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y George M. Robeson (Republican) 48.11%
  • ▌C. C. Grosscup (Greenback) 31.85%
  • ▌Nathan T. Stratton (Democratic) 20.04%
New Jersey 2 John H. Pugh Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Hezekiah B. Smith (Democratic) 50.59%
  • ▌John H. Pugh (Republican) 47.44%
  • ▌Charles E. Baker (Prohibition) 1.97%
New Jersey 3 Miles Ross Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Miles Ross (Democratic) 44.15%
  • ▌Amos Clark (Republican) 43.06%
  • ▌Washington L. Hope (Greenback) 12.56%
  • ▌James A. Bradley (Prohibition) 0.24%
New Jersey 4 Alvah A. Clark Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Alvah A. Clark (Democratic) 45.05%
  • ▌Frederic A. Potts (Republican) 38.77%
  • ▌George H. Larison (Greenback) 16.18%
New Jersey 5 Augustus W. Cutler Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Charles H. Voorhis (Republican) 44.92%
  • ▌Thomas W. Demarest (Democratic) 41.60%
  • ▌Erastus E. Potter (Greenback) 13.48%
New Jersey 6 Thomas B. Peddie Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y John L. Blake (Republican) 49.72%
  • ▌Andrew Albright (Democratic) 43.19%
  • ▌Francis C. Bliss (Greenback) 7.09%
New Jersey 7 Augustus A. Hardenbergh Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Lewis A. Brigham (Republican) 50.82%
  • ▌Patrick H. Laverty (Democratic) 43.26%
  • ▌J. B. Winant (Greenback) 5.48%
  • ▌C. C. Burr (Ind. Democratic) 0.44%

New York

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
New York 1 James W. Covert Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y James W. Covert (Democratic) 50.84%
  • ▌James Otis (Republican) 43.44%
  • ▌Samuel J. Crooks (Greenback) 5.27%
  • ▌Egbert T. Smith (Prohibition) 0.45%
New York 2 William D. Veeder Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Daniel O'Reilly (Ind. Democratic) 55.24%
  • ▌Edward C. Litchfield (Democratic) 41.54%
  • ▌Abraham Bennett (Greenback) 3.22%
New York 3 Simeon B. Chittenden Republican 1874 (Special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Simeon B. Chittenden (Republican) 58.40%
  • ▌Richard H. Huntley (Democratic) 35.10%
  • ▌Joseph P. Jones (Greenback) 3.51%
  • ▌N. McGregor Steele (Prohibition) 3.00%
New York 4 Archibald M. Bliss Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Archibald M. Bliss (Democratic) 54.03%
  • ▌William H. Lyon (Republican) 36.28%
  • ▌C. Osborn Ward (Socialist Labor) 3.45%
  • ▌John C. Keelly (Ind. Democratic) 3.23%
  • ▌William Hanson (Greenback) 3.01%
New York 5 Nicholas Muller Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Nicholas Muller (Tammany Hall Dem.) 52.27%
  • ▌Thomas F. Burke (Republican) 45.98%
  • ▌George Blair (Greenback) 1.55%
Others
  • ▌James E. Kerrigan (Greenback) 0.10%
  • ▌Alexander Frey (Socialist Labor) 0.10%
New York 6 Samuel S. Cox Democratic 1873 (Special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Samuel S. Cox (Tammany Hall Dem.) 62.44%
  • ▌Maurice S. D'Vries (Republican) 36.22%
  • ▌Isaac Bennett (Socialist Labor) 1.34%
New York 7 Anthony Eickhoff Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Edwin Einstein (Republican) 48.53%
  • ▌Anthony Eickhoff (Democratic) 45.63%
  • ▌John W. Jahelka (Greenback) 5.12%
  • ▌Thomas Green (Independent) 0.72%
New York 8 Anson G. McCook Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Anson G. McCook (Republican) 60.73%
  • ▌Lawrence R. Jerome (Democratic) 35.49%
  • ▌William W. Averill (Ind. Greenback) 3.68%
  • ▌Frederick E. Sinner (Socialist Labor) 0.09%
New York 9 Fernando Wood Democratic 1866 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Fernando Wood (Tammany Hall Dem.) 37.12%
  • ▌John Hardy (Anti-Tammany Dem.) 33.05%
  • ▌Wilson Berryman (Republican) 29.21%
  • ▌Joseph Kunze (Greenback) 0.62%
New York 10 Abram Hewitt Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Independent Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y James O'Brien (Anti-Tammany Dem.) 54.16%
  • ▌Orlando B. Potter (Tammany Hall Dem.) 43.29%
  • ▌John G. Shuck (Independent) 1.54%
  • ▌Garret Nagle (Independent) 1.01%
New York 11 Benjamin A. Willis Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Levi P. Morton (Republican) 65.65%
  • ▌Benjamin A. Willis (Tammany Hall Dem.) 32.92%
  • ▌G. Wallace Bryant (Anti-Tammany Dem.) 1.18%
New York 12 Clarkson Nott Potter Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Alexander Smith (Republican) 49.64%
  • ▌Marcius L. Cobb (Democratic) 39.76%
  • ▌Nicholas Smith (Greenback) 10.60%
New York 13 John H. Ketcham Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John H. Ketcham (Republican) 62.78%
  • ▌Orlando D. Baker (Democratic) 33.39%
  • ▌John V. Doty (Greenback) 2.73%
Others
  • ▌George Potter (Prohibition) 0.85%
  • ▌Aaron J. Stevens (Independent) 0.26%
New York 14 George M. Beebe Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y John W. Ferdon (Republican) 44.43%
  • ▌George M. Beebe (Democratic) 42.42%
  • ▌William Voorhis (Greenback) 12.22%
  • ▌Stephen Merritt (Prohibition) 0.93%
New York 15 Stephen L. Mayham Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y William Lounsbery (Democratic) 47.52%
  • ▌George S. Nichols (Republican) 39.75%
  • ▌John R. Erkson (Greenback) 12.24%
  • ▌James H. Coutant (Prohibition) 0.49%
New York 16 Terence J. Quinn Democratic 1876 Incumbent Terence J. Quinn died June 18, 1878.
Republican gain.
Successor also elected the same day to finish the term.
  • ▌Y John Mosher Bailey (Republican) 41.13%
  • ▌Francis H. Woods (Democratic) 40.47%
  • ▌Henry Hilton (Greenback) 18.39%
New York 17 Martin I. Townsend Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Walter A. Wood (Republican) 55.34%
  • ▌Charles E. Patterson (Democratic) 31.86%
  • ▌Richard H. Ferguson (Greenback) 12.80%
New York 18 Andrew Williams Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y John Hammond (Republican) 54.84%
  • ▌John Ross (Democratic) 29.69%
  • ▌Leonard G. McDonald (Greenback) 15.47%
New York 19 Amaziah B. James Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Amaziah B. James (Republican) 70.59%
  • ▌Louis Hasbrouck (Democratic) 29.41%
New York 20 John H. Starin Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John H. Starin (Republican) 56.71%
  • ▌Alexander J. Thomson (Democratic) 34.78%
  • ▌Frederick F. Wendell (Greenback) 8.27%
  • ▌James H. Bronson (Prohibition) 0.24%
New York 21 Solomon Bundy Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y David Wilber (Republican) 48.07%
  • ▌Bryon J. Scofield (Democratic) 31.82%
  • ▌Salmon G. Cone (Greenback) 18.81%
  • ▌Fred T. Jarvis (Prohibition) 1.29%
New York 22 George A. Bagley Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Warner Miller (Republican) 51.39%
  • ▌Levi H. Brown (Democratic) 40.33%
  • ▌Harry Lewis (Greenback) 7.27%
  • ▌Simon P. Gray (Prohibition) 1.00%
New York 23 William J. Bacon Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Cyrus D. Prescott (Republican) 42.95%
  • ▌John T. Spriggs (Democratic) 38.41%
  • ▌James Mitchell (Greenback) 16.61%
  • ▌John W. Meais (Prohibition) 1.98%
New York 24 William H. Baker Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Joseph Mason (Republican) 50.65%
  • ▌Sebastian Duffy (Democratic) 47.55%
  • ▌Winfield S. Smyth (Prohibition) 1.80%
New York 25 Frank Hiscock Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Frank Hiscock (Republican) 55.96%
  • ▌John M. Weiting (Democratic) 42.83%
  • ▌Lemuel N. Stratton (Prohibition) 1.21%
New York 26 John H. Camp Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John H. Camp (Republican) 53.02%
  • ▌Charles F. Durston (Democratic) 40.55%
  • ▌Martin L. Wolley (Greenback) 6.05%
  • ▌William D. Osborne (Prohibition) 0.38%
New York 27 Elbridge G. Lapham Republican 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Elbridge G. Lapham (Republican) 54.47%
  • ▌David A. Pierpont (Democratic) 45.42%
  • ▌Thomas H. Howell (Prohibition) 0.11%
New York 28 Jeremiah W. Dwight Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Jeremiah W. Dwight (Republican) 54.47%
  • ▌William L. Mudge (Democratic) 38.72%
  • ▌Epenetus Howe (Greenback) 6.53%
  • ▌Gardine C. Hibbard (Prohibition) 0.73%
New York 29 John N. Hungerford Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y David P. Richardson (Republican) 42.82%
  • ▌Francis G. Babcock (Democratic) 32.75%
  • ▌Ralph Beaumont (Greenback) 24.43%
New York 30 Elizur K. Hart Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y John Van Voorhis (Republican) 43.49%
  • ▌Alexander B. Lamberton (Democratic) 37.55%
  • ▌Nathan G. Brown (Greenback) 10.00%
  • ▌Alphonso A. Hopkins (Prohibition) 8.97%
New York 31 Charles B. Benedict Democratic 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Richard Crowley (Republican) 56.33%
  • ▌Cyrus E. Davis (Democratic) 39.17%
  • ▌Galen Miller (Greenback) 2.51%
  • ▌Joseph W. Grosvenor (Prohibition) 1.03%
  • ▌James F. Gordon (Independent) 0.96%
New York 32 Daniel N. Lockwood Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Ray V. Pierce (Republican) 52.34%
  • ▌Daniel N. Lockwood (Democratic) 44.37%
  • ▌Augustus R. Grote (Prohibition) 3.28%
New York 33 George W. Patterson Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Henry Van Aernam (Republican) 49.87%
  • ▌Lorenzo Morris (Democratic) 29.55%
  • ▌Silas Vinton (Greenback) 20.58%

North Carolina

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

South Carolina was rampant with voter fraud, particularly through the use of tissue ballots, thin ballots hidden in the normal ballot, typically 10 to 20 at a time. The almost statewide exclusion of Republicans as Commissioners of Elections, and the ensuing appointment of nearly all Democratic Managers of Elections, allowed to Democratic Managers to perpetrate this scheme. When the votes were counted and more votes than voters were found, the Managers removed and destroyed the Republican ballots resulting in the complete takeover of the state.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
South Carolina 1 Joseph Rainey Republican 1870 (special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y John S. Richardson (Democratic) 61.70%
  • ▌Joseph Rainey (Republican) 38.30%
South Carolina 2 Richard H. Cain Republican 1876 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Michael P. O'Connor (Democratic) 60.94%
  • ▌Edmund W. M. Mackey (Republican) 39.06%
South Carolina 3 D. Wyatt Aiken Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y D. Wyatt Aiken (Democratic) 79.44%
  • ▌J. F. Ensor (Republican) 20.56%
South Carolina 4 John H. Evins Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John H. Evins (Democratic) 96.84%
  • ▌Alexander S. Wallace (Republican) 3.16%
South Carolina 5 Robert Smalls Republican 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y George D. Tillman (Democratic) 71.24%
  • ▌Robert Smalls (Republican) 28.76%

Tennessee

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Tennessee 1 James H. Randolph Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Y Robert L. Taylor (Democratic) 51.61%
  • ▌A. H. Pettibone (Republican) 48.39%
Tennessee 2 Jacob M. Thornburgh Republican 1872 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Leonidas C. Houk (Republican) 57.12%
  • ▌Albert G. Watkins (Ind. Democratic) 42.88%
Tennessee 3 George G. Dibrell Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y George G. Dibrell (Democratic) 69.09%
  • ▌Xenophon Wheeler (Republican) 30.91%
Tennessee 4 Haywood Y. Riddle Democratic 1875 (special) Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Benton McMillin (Democratic) 64.99%
  • ▌E. J. Golladay (Ind. Democratic) 35.01%
Tennessee 5 John M. Bright Democratic 1870 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John M. Bright (Democratic) 65.41%
  • ▌B. F. Lillard (Democratic) 20.23%
  • ▌James A. Warder (Republican) 7.53%
  • ▌P. C. Isbell (Greenback) 6.83%
Tennessee 6 John F. House Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John F. House (Democratic) 57.18%
  • ▌George F. Akers (Greenback) 27.75%
  • ▌William F. Prosser (Republican) 14.29%
  • ▌Jonathan A. Campbell (Ind. Greenback) 0.77%
Tennessee 7 Washington C. Whitthorne Democratic 1870 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Washington C. Whitthorne (Democratic) 43.16%
  • ▌Jonathan H. Moore (Democratic) 36.29%
  • ▌A. M. Hughes (Republican) 20.55%
Tennessee 8 John D. C. Atkins Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John D. C. Atkins (Democratic) 61.40%
  • ▌James T. Warren (Greenback) 38.60%
Tennessee 9 William P. Caldwell Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Charles B. Simonton (Democratic) 63.68%
  • ▌Gideon B. Black (Greenback) 36.32%
Tennessee 10 H. Casey Young Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y H. Casey Young (Democratic) 54.79%
  • ▌William M. Randolph (Republican) 31.74%
  • ▌A. J. Keller (Greenback) 13.47%

Texas

Vermont

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Vermont 1 Charles H. Joyce Republican 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Charles H. Joyce (Republican) 68.1%
  • ▌Jean Randall (Democratic) 31.9%
Vermont 2 Dudley C. Denison Republican 1874 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y James M. Tyler (Republican) 71.3%
  • ▌Asa M. Dickey (Democratic) 28.4%
  • ▌S. B. Barnard (Unknown) 0.2%
Vermont 3 George Hendee Republican 1872 Incumbent lost re-election.
Greenback gain.
First ballot
  • ▌Bradley Barlow (Greenback) 46.8%
  • ▌William W. Grout (Republican) 34.2%
  • ▌George S. Waterman (Democratic) 18.3%
  • ▌H. Henry Powers (Republican) 0.3%
  • ▌George Hendee (Republican) 0.1%
  • ▌George N. Dale (Republican) 0.1%
Second ballot
  • ▌Y Bradley Barlow (Greenback) 60.4%
  • ▌William W. Grout (Republican) 31.3%
  • ▌George S. Waterman (Democratic) 7.9%
  • ▌W. H. H. Brigham (Democratic) 0.2%

Virginia

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Virginia 1 Richard L. T. Beale Democratic 1847
1849 (retired)
1878 (special) 		Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Richard L. T. Beale (Democratic) 48.3%
  • ▌George C. Round (Republican) 36.4%
  • ▌John Critcher (Greenback) 15.3%
Virginia 2 John Goode Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John Goode (Democratic) 56.7%
  • ▌John F. Dezendorf (Republican) 43.3%
Virginia 3 Gilbert C. Walker Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Joseph E. Johnston (Democratic) 58.1%
  • ▌William W. Newman (Greenback) 41.9%
Virginia 4 Joseph Jorgensen Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Joseph Jorgensen (Republican) 60.7%
  • ▌William E. Hinton (Democratic) 39.3%
Virginia 5 George Cabell Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y George Cabell (Democratic) 66.7%
  • ▌W. A. Witcher (Independent) 33.3%
Virginia 6 J. Randolph Tucker Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y J. Randolph Tucker (Democratic) 63.4%
  • ▌Camm Patterson (Greenback) 36.3%
  • ▌Lewis W. Cabell (Unknown) 0.3%
Virginia 7 John T. Harris Democratic 1870 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John T. Harris (Democratic) 56.5%
  • ▌John Paul (Conservative) 43.5%
Virginia 8 Eppa Hunton Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Eppa Hunton (Democratic) 78.0%
  • ▌John R. Carton (Independent) 15.1%
  • ▌James Cochran (Independent) 6.8%
Virginia 9 Auburn Pridemore Democratic 1876 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y James B. Richmond (Democratic) 33.7%
  • ▌Fayette McMullen (Independent) 31.8%
  • ▌Samuel H. Newberry (Independent) 30.5%
  • ▌Charles C. Campbell (Republican) 4.0%

West Virginia

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
West Virginia 1 Benjamin Wilson Democratic 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Benjamin Wilson (Democratic) 48.95%
  • ▌J. R. Hubbard (Republican) 38.43%
  • ▌James Bassell (Greenback) 12.62%
West Virginia 2 Benjamin F. Martin Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Benjamin F. Martin (Democratic) 56.61%
  • ▌F. A. Burr (Republican) 27.85%
  • ▌J. H. Thompson (Greenback) 15.53%
West Virginia 3 John E. Kenna Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y John E. Kenna (Democratic) 54.01%
  • ▌Henry I. Walker (Republican) 45.99%

Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected eight members of congress on Election Day, November 5, 1878.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Wisconsin 1 Charles G. Williams Republican 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Charles G. Williams (Republican) 59.5%
  • ▌Charles H. Parker (Greenback) 40.5%
Wisconsin 2 Lucien B. Caswell Republican 1874 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Lucien B. Caswell (Republican) 51.5%
  • ▌Romanzo E. Davis (Democratic) 38.8%
  • ▌Horace A. Tenney (Greenback) 9.7%
Wisconsin 3 George C. Hazelton Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y George C. Hazelton (Republican) 50.2%
  • ▌Owen King (Democratic) 49.8%
Wisconsin 4 William Pitt Lynde Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y Peter V. Deuster (Democratic) 47.4%
  • ▌Leander F. Frisby (Republican) 46.8%
  • ▌Truman H. Judd (Greenback) 5.7%
Wisconsin 5 Edward S. Bragg Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Edward S. Bragg (Democratic) 46.2%
  • ▌Hiram N. Smith (Republican) 38.3%
  • ▌David Giddings (Greenback) 15.5%
Wisconsin 6 Gabriel Bouck Democratic 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Gabriel Bouck (Democratic) 45.9%
  • ▌James V. Jones (Republican) 37.6%
  • ▌George McKendree Steele (Greenback) 16.5%
Wisconsin 7 Herman L. Humphrey Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Herman L. Humphrey (Republican) 54.2%
  • ▌Charles D. Parker (Democratic) 45.8%
Wisconsin 8 Thaddeus C. Pound Republican 1876 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Thaddeus C. Pound (Republican) 52.8%
  • ▌Augustus Barrows (Democratic) 47.2%

Non-voting delegates

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Arizona Territory at-large
Dakota Territory at-large Jefferson P. Kidder Republican 1874 Incumbent lost re-election.
Independent Republican gain.
  • ▌Y Granville G. Bennett (Ind. Republican)
  • ▌Jefferson P. Kidder (Republican)
  • [data missing]
Idaho Territory at-large Stephen S. Fenn Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Y George Ainslie (Democratic) 61.37%
  • ▌Jonas W. Brown (Republican) 38.63%
Montana Territory at-large Martin Maginnis Democratic 1872 Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌Y Martin Maginnis (Democratic) 70.40%
  • ▌Sample Orr (Republican) 29.60%
New Mexico Territory at-large
Utah Territory at-large
Washington Territory at-large
Wyoming Territory at-large William W. Corlett Republican 1876 Incumbent retired.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Y Stephen W. Downey (Republican) 58.33%
  • ▌E. L. Pease (Democratic) 41.85%

See also

  • 1878–79 United States Senate elections
  • 45th United States Congress
  • 46th United States Congress

Bibliography

  • Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
  • Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
  • "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

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