The 1988 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Seoul, South Korea, from 17 September to 2 October 1988. A total of 8,397 athletes representing 159 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in 237 events in 23 sports across 31 different disciplines. Table tennis was introduced to the Summer Olympic Games program at these games, while tennis was reintroduced following its removal after the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.
| 1988 Summer Olympics medals | |
|---|---|
Kristin Otto of East Germany won the most gold medals at the 1988 Summer Olympics, winning six gold medals in women's swimming. | |
| Location | Seoul, South Korea |
| Highlights | |
| Most gold medals | Soviet Union (55) |
| Most total medals | Soviet Union (132) |
| Medalling NOCs | 52 |
Olympics medal tables | |
Overall, athletes representing 52 NOCs received at least one medal, and 31 NOCs won at least one gold medal. The Soviet Union won the most gold medals and the most overall medals, with 55 and 132 respectively. Suriname's team won their first Olympic gold medal, which was also their first Olympic medal of any color. The other teams that earned their first Olympic medal were Costa Rica, Djibouti, Indonesia, the Netherlands Antilles, Senegal, and the United States Virgin Islands.
Swimmer Kristin Otto of East Germany won the most gold medals for an individual at the games, with six gold medals. Fellow swimmer Matt Biondi of the United States won the most overall medals, winning seven medals with five golds, one silver, and one bronze, tying Mark Spitz's record for most medals won in a single games.
Medals table
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC's conventional sorting in its published medal tables. The table uses the Olympic medal table sorting method. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals won by athletes from each nation, where a nation is an entity represented by a NOC. The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next, and then the number of bronze medals. If teams are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their IOC country code.
Events in boxing resulted in a bronze medal being awarded to each of the two competitors who lost their semi-final matches, as opposed to fighting in a third place tiebreaker. Events in judo used a repechage system which also results in two bronze medals being awarded.
In the gymnastics events, there were five ties for medals. Three gold medals and no silver or bronze medals were awarded due to a three-way first-place tie in the men's pommel horse. Two gold medals and no silver medal were awarded in the men's horizontal bar and men's rings, with the former also having a tie for bronze. Two bronze medals were awarded in the men's floor and women's balance beam events. Outside of gymnastics, the men's high jump in athletics and the women's 50 metre freestyle in swimming both resulted in two bronzes being awarded due to third-place ties.
* Host nation (South Korea)
| Rank | NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soviet Union | 55 | 31 | 46 | 132 |
| 2 | East Germany | 37 | 35 | 30 | 102 |
| 3 | United States | 36 | 31 | 27 | 94 |
| 4 | South Korea* | 12 | 10 | 11 | 33 |
| 5 | West Germany | 11 | 14 | 15 | 40 |
| 6 | Hungary | 11 | 6 | 6 | 23 |
| 7 | Bulgaria | 10 | 12 | 13 | 35 |
| 8 | Romania | 7 | 11 | 6 | 24 |
| 9 | France | 6 | 4 | 6 | 16 |
| 10 | Italy | 6 | 4 | 4 | 14 |
| 11 | China | 5 | 11 | 12 | 28 |
| 12 | Great Britain | 5 | 10 | 9 | 24 |
| 13 | Kenya | 5 | 2 | 2 | 9 |
| 14 | Japan | 4 | 3 | 7 | 14 |
| 15 | Australia | 3 | 6 | 5 | 14 |
| 16 | Yugoslavia | 3 | 4 | 5 | 12 |
| 17 | Czechoslovakia | 3 | 3 | 2 | 8 |
| 18 | New Zealand | 3 | 2 | 8 | 13 |
| 19 | Canada | 3 | 2 | 5 | 10 |
| 20 | Poland | 2 | 5 | 9 | 16 |
| 21 | Norway | 2 | 3 | 0 | 5 |
| 22 | Netherlands | 2 | 2 | 5 | 9 |
| 23 | Denmark | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 24 | Brazil | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 25 | Finland | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| Spain | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
| 27 | Turkey | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 28 | Morocco | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 29 | Austria | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Portugal | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Suriname | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 32 | Sweden | 0 | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 33 | Switzerland | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 34 | Jamaica | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 35 | Argentina | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 36 | Chile | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Costa Rica | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Indonesia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Iran | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Netherlands Antilles | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Peru | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Senegal | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Virgin Islands | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 44 | Belgium | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Mexico | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| 46 | Colombia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Djibouti | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Greece | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Mongolia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Pakistan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Philippines | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Thailand | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (52 entries) | 241 | 234 | 264 | 739 | |
Changes due to doping
- Key
※ Disqualified athlete(s)
| Ruling date | Sport/Event | Athlete (NOC) | Total | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 September 1988 | Weightlifting, Men's 56 kg |
| −1 | −1 | Mitko Grablev was disqualified after testing positive for furosemide and became the first doping case of the 1988 Summer Olympics. The medals were then reallocated, with Okzen Mirzoyan of the Soviet Union awarded the gold, He Yingqiang of China the silver, and Liu Shoubin of China the bronze. | ||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | +1 | |||||
| 24 September 1988 | Weightlifting, Men's 67.5 kg |
| −1 | −1 | Angel Genchev was disqualified after testing positive for furosemide, with the gold medal being awarded to Joachim Kunz of East Germany, the silver medal to Israel Militosyan of the Soviet Union, and the bronze medal to Li Jinhe of China. After Grablev and Genchev were stripped of their titles, Bulgarian officials commented that they condemned the usage of drugs in sport. | ||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | +1 | |||||
| 27 September 1988 | Athletics, Men's 100 metres |
| −1 | −1 | Three days after Ben Johnson won the 100 metres title and set a world record of 9.79 seconds, Park Jong-sei of the IOC's Olympic Doping Control Center saw that Johnson's urine sample tested positive for stanozolol. Johnson was subsequently disqualified with Carl Lewis of the United States awarded the gold and the world record transferred to him, Linford Christie of Great Britain awarded the silver, and Calvin Smith of the United States awarded the bronze. | ||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | +1 | |||||
| 28 September 1988 | Weightlifting, Men's 100 kg |
| −1 | −1 | Andor Szanyi, who originally won the silver medal in the men's 100 kg event in weightlifting two days before, tested positive for stanozolol and was disqualified afterwards. The silver was then awarded to Nicu Vlad of Romania and the bronze was awarded to Peter Immesberger of West Germany. | ||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | +1 |
| NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Net Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bulgaria | −2 | 0 | 0 | −2 |
| Canada | −1 | 0 | 0 | −1 |
| China | 0 | +1 | +1 | +2 |
| East Germany | +1 | −1 | 0 | 0 |
| West Germany | 0 | 0 | +1 | +1 |
| Great Britain | 0 | +1 | −1 | 0 |
| Hungary | 0 | −1 | 0 | −1 |
| Romania | 0 | +1 | −1 | 0 |
| Soviet Union | +1 | 0 | −1 | 0 |
| United States | +1 | −1 | +1 | +1 |
See also
- All-time Olympic Games medal table
- 1988 Summer Paralympics medal table
- 1988 Winter Olympics medal table
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