An election was held in Spain on Thursday, 15 June 1989, as part of the EU-wide election to elect the 3rd European Parliament. All 60 seats allocated to the Spanish constituency as per the 1985 Treaty of Accession were up for election.
15 June 1989 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 60 Spanish seats in the European Parliament | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Registered | 29,283,982 2.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 16,022,276 (54.7%) 13.8 pp | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) emerged as the largest party, followed by the newly amalgamated People's Party (PP) and Adolfo Suárez's Democratic and Social Centre—both of which scoring far below expectations—, as well as left-wing United Left (IU), which improved slightly on its 1987 performance. Ruiz-Mateos Group was the election surprise by winning two seats, with former Rumasa CEO and party leader José María Ruiz Mateos being elected as MEP—which granted him immunity from criminal prosecution, as he had been a fugitive from Spanish justice at the time of his election—. Registered turnout was a record low at the time for a nationwide election held in Spain, with abstention peaking at 45.3%.
The election was largely influenced by a recent string of PP–CDS agreements to vote no confidence motions on PSOE local governments, which included the Madrid city council and regional governments. This was said to have influenced the election's outcome, which had resulted in a sizeable PSOE win and a collapse in support for both the PP and CDS. His party's showing in this election was said to be one of the reasons that led Prime Minister Felipe González to call a snap general election for 29 October 1989.
Electoral system
60 members of the European Parliament were allocated to Spain as per the 1985 Treaty of Accession. Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.
All seats were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with no electoral threshold being applied in order to be entitled to enter seat distribution. Seats were allocated to a single multi-member constituency comprising the entire national territory. The use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.
Outgoing delegation
| Groups | Parties | MEPs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Total | ||||
| Socialist Group | PSOE | 29 | 29 | ||
| European Democrats | PP | 17 | 17 | ||
| Communist and Allies | PCE | 1 | 3 | ||
| PASOC | 1 | ||||
| PSUC | 1 | ||||
| Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group | CDC | 2 | 2 | ||
| European People's Party | UDC | 1 | 1 | ||
| Rainbow Group | EA | 1 | 1 | ||
| Non-Inscrits | CDS | 6 | 7 | ||
| HB | 1 | ||||
Parties and candidates
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call. In order to be entitled to run, parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors; this requirement could be lifted and replaced through the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils. Electors and elected officials were disallowed from signing for more than one list of candidates.
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:
| Candidacy | Parties and alliances | Leading candidate | Ideology | Previous result | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vote % | Seats | |||||||
| PSOE | List
| Fernando Morán | Social democracy | 39.1% | 28 | |||
| PP | List
| Marcelino Oreja | Conservatism Christian democracy | 25.5% | 15 | |||
| CDS | List
| José Ramón Caso | Centrism Liberalism | 10.3% | 7 | |||
| IU | List
| Fernando Pérez Royo | Socialism Communism | 5.3% | 3 | |||
| CiU | List
| Carles Gasòliba | Catalan nationalism Centrism | 4.4% | 3 | |||
| HB | List
| Txema Montero | Basque independence Abertzale left Revolutionary socialism | 1.9% | 1 | |||
| PEP | List
| Carlos Garaikoetxea | Left-wing nationalism | 1.7% | 1 | |||
| CN | List
| Jon Gangoiti | Regionalism | 1.7% | 0 | |||
| IP | List
| Juan María Bandrés | Left-wing nationalism | 1.4% | 0 | |||
| FPR | List
| Héctor Villalba | Regionalism | 1.1% | 0 | |||
| PA | List
| Pedro Pacheco | Andalusian nationalism Social democracy | 1.0% | 0 | |||
| Ruiz-Mateos | List
| José María Ruiz-Mateos | Right-wing populism | 0.6% | 0 | |||
Opinion polls
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font.
- Color key:
Exit poll
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | Turnout | PEP | IP | CN | ARM | LV | Lead | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 EP election | 15 Jun 1989 | — | 54.7 | 39.6 27 | 7.1 5 | 6.1 4 | 4.2 2 | 1.7 1 | 1.5 1 | 1.8 1 | 1.9 1 | 1.2 0 | 1.9 1 | 3.8 2 | 1.0 0 | 21.4 15 | 18.2 | ||
| PSOE | 15 Jun 1989 | 39,000 | 54 | 39.3 27/28 | 7.2 4/5 | 6.4 4 | 4.5 3 | 1.6 1 | 1.5 1 | 1.7 1 | 1.5 1 | – | 2.2 1 | 3.6 2 | – | 21.1 14 | 18.2 | ||
| Opina/La Vanguardia | 15 Jun 1989 | ? | 54.4 | 38.0– 39.0 26/27 | 7.0 5 | 6.4 4/5 | 4.4 3 | 1.8 1 | 1.5 1 | 1.7 1 | 1.9 1 | 1.3 0/1 | 1.9 1 | 4.0 2 | 1.2 0/1 | 21.0– 22.0 14/16 | 17.0 | ||
| Sigma Dos/COPE | 15 Jun 1989 | ? | ? | 35.0– 37.0 25/26 | 7.0– 8.0 5 | 7.0– 7.5 5 | 4.3– 4.8 3 | 1.8– 2.0 1 | 1.4– 1.6 1 | 1.7– 1.9 1 | 1.4– 1.6 1 | – | 2.0– 2.2 1 | 2.5– 3.0 1/2 | – | 22.5– 23.5 15/16 | 12.5– 13.5 | ||
| Demoscopia/Cadena SER | 15 Jun 1989 | ? | ? | 36.4 24/26 | 7.9 5/6 | 6.7 4/5 | 5.1 3 | 2.3 1 | 1.6 1 | ? 1 | ? 1 | – | ? 1 | 4.0 1/2 | – | 19.4 15/16 | 17.0 | ||
| Metra Seis/RNE | 15 Jun 1989 | ? | ? | 36.0– 38.0 24/26 | 8.5– 10.0 5/7 | 5.5– 7.0 4/5 | 4.5– 5.0 3 | 1.3– 1.8 0/1 | 1.5– 2.0 0/1 | 2.0– 2.5 1 | 1.5– 2.0 0/1 | – | 2.0– 2.5 1 | 2.0– 3.0 1/2 | – | 24.0– 26.0 16/18 | 12.0 | ||
| OTR–IS/Interviú | 9 Jun 1989 | ? | ? | ? 26/28 | ? 7/8 | ? 3/4 | ? 3 | ? 1/2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ? 15/17 | ? | ||
| Opina/La Vanguardia | 5–8 Jun 1989 | 1,800 | 50 | 37.8 25/26 | 9.7 6/7 | 6.3 4 | 6.1 4 | – | 1.9 1 | 1.6 1 | ? 1 | – | – | – | – | 25.5 17 | 12.3 | ||
| Demoscopia/El País | 1–5 Jun 1989 | 2,500 | 50 | 35.3 23/25 | 10.4 6/7 | 6.8 4 | 3.6 2/3 | 1.9 1 | 1.9 1 | 2.5 1/2 | 1.7 1 | – | 2.7 1/2 | 1.5 0/1 | ? 0/1 | 27.7 17/18 | 7.6 | ||
| PP | 3 Jun 1989 | ? | ? | ? 25 | ? 7 | ? 4 | ? 3/4 | ? 1 | ? 1 | ? 1 | – | ? 0/1 | – | – | – | ? 17 | ? | ||
| ICP–Research/Diario 16 | 30 May–3 Jun 1989 | 2,400 | 70 | 37.6 24/27 | 8.3 6/8 | 7.7 5/7 | 4.6 3 | 2.2 1 | 0.7 0/1 | 2.2 1 | 1.1 0/1 | ? 1 | 1.9 1 | – | ? 1 | 19.7 15/18 | 17.9 | ||
| Gruppo/Colpisa | 2 Jun 1989 | 1,000 | 57–62 | 33.4 23/24 | 10.5 7 | 7.2 5 | 4.4 3 | 1.8 1 | 1.5 1 | 1.5 0/1 | 1.7 1 | – | 1.3 0/1 | – | – | 26.5 18/19 | 6.9 | ||
| Opina/La Vanguardia | 15–26 May 1989 | 1,800 | 50 | 36.1 25/26 | 12.4 8/9 | 5.7 4 | 6.1 3/4 | 2.0 1 | ? 0/1 | 2.3 1 | ? 0/1 | ? 0/1 | – | – | – | 22.4 16/17 | 13.7 | ||
| Demoscopia/El País | 17–21 May 1989 | 2,500 | 55 | 37.8 25 | 11.1 7 | 7.1 4 | 3.7 2 | 1.7 1 | 2.2 1 | 1.5 1 | 3.0 1 | – | 2.6 1 | – | – | 25.5 17 | 12.3 | ||
| CIS | 9–11 May 1989 | 4,459 | ? | 41.6 28 | 12.1 8 | 6.6 4 | 5.2 3 | – | – | – | 1.2 0 | – | – | – | – | 26.1 17 | 15.5 | ||
| Gruppo/Colpisa | 26 Apr 1989 | 1,000 | 60–69 | 34.5 23/24 | 11.7 7/8 | 8.4 5 | 4.2 2/3 | 1.8 1 | 1.6 1 | 1.6 1 | 1.7 1 | – | – | – | – | 26.2 17/18 | 8.3 | ||
| CIS | 22–24 Apr 1989 | 2,499 | ? | 42.0 | 6.0– 9.0 | 5.0– 7.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 25.0– 28.0 | 14.0– 17.0 | ||
| Opina/La Vanguardia | 7–10 Apr 1989 | 1,610 | ? | 34.8 | 15.0 | 5.9 | 6.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 27.6 | 7.2 | ||
| CIS | 6–10 Apr 1989 | 2,951 | ? | 40.0– 42.0 | 9.0– 11.0 | 6.0– 7.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 23.0– 25.0 | 17.0 | ||
| Gallup/EE | 7 Mar 1989 | ? | ? | ? 22 | ? 7 | ? 5 | ? 3 | ? 0 | ? 1 | ? 1 | ? 0 | – | ? 1 | – | – | ? 20 | ? | ||
| 1987 EP election | 10 Jun 1987 | — | 68.5 | 39.1 28 | 24.6 17 | 10.3 7 | 5.3 3 | 4.4 3 | 1.9 1 | 1.7 1 | 1.4 0 | 1.2 0 | 1.2 0 | 1.0 0 | 0.9 0 | 0.6 0 | 0.6 0 | – | 14.5 |
Results
Overall
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | 6,275,552 | 39.57 | +0.51 | 27 | −1 | |
| People's Party (PP)1 | 3,395,015 | 21.41 | −4.13 | 15 | −2 | |
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 1,133,429 | 7.15 | −3.11 | 5 | −2 | |
| United Left (IU) | 961,742 | 6.06 | +0.81 | 4 | +1 | |
| Convergence and Union (CiU) | 666,602 | 4.20 | −0.23 | 2 | −1 | |
| Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos)2 | 608,560 | 3.84 | +3.23 | 2 | +2 | |
| Nationalist Coalition (CN)3 | 303,038 | 1.91 | +0.16 | 1 | +1 | |
| Andalusian Party (PA) | 295,047 | 1.86 | +0.90 | 1 | +1 | |
| Left of the Peoples (IP)4 | 290,286 | 1.83 | +0.47 | 1 | +1 | |
| Popular Unity (HB) | 269,094 | 1.70 | −0.17 | 1 | ±0 | |
| For the Europe of the Peoples (PEP)5 | 238,909 | 1.51 | −0.19 | 1 | ±0 | |
| Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC) | 197,095 | 1.24 | +0.08 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Green List (Adhered to the European Greens) (LV)6 | 164,524 | 1.04 | +0.14 | 0 | ±0 | |
| The Ecologist Greens (LVE) | 161,903 | 1.02 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Federation of Regional Parties (FPR)7 | 151,835 | 0.96 | −0.16 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain–PCC (PCPE–PCC) | 79,970 | 0.50 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| National Front (FN) | 60,672 | 0.38 | −0.26 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Vertex Ecological Development Revindication (VERDE) | 58,686 | 0.37 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Social Democratic Coalition (CSD) | 52,577 | 0.33 | +0.20 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Green Alternative–Ecologist Movement of Catalonia (AV–MEC) | 47,250 | 0.30 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) | 46,052 | 0.29 | +0.01 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Workers' Socialist Party–Revolutionary Workers' Party (PST–PORE)8 | 38,683 | 0.24 | −0.32 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Europe for Life (EPV) | 30,252 | 0.19 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 24,340 | 0.15 | +0.03 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Free Catalonia (CLL) | 19,774 | 0.12 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Humanist Party (PH) | 19,356 | 0.12 | ±0.00 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Alliance for the Republic (AxR)9 | 17,189 | 0.11 | −0.02 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Asturian Nationalist Unity (UNA) | 13,165 | 0.08 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Centrist Unity–Democratic Spanish Party (PED) | 10,392 | 0.07 | +0.02 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Andalusian Liberation (LA) | 9,421 | 0.06 | +0.01 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Initiative for a European Democracy (IDE) | 8,789 | 0.06 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Carlist Party (PC) | 8,477 | 0.05 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| BACTERIA Electors' Group (BACTERIA) | 0 | 0.00 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 200,794 | 1.27 | +0.28 | |||
| Total | 15,858,470 | 60 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 15,858,470 | 98.98 | +0.17 | |||
| Invalid votes | 163,806 | 1.02 | −0.17 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 16,022,276 | 54.71 | −13.81 | |||
| Abstentions | 13,261,706 | 45.29 | +13.81 | |||
| Registered voters | 29,283,982 | |||||
| Sources | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
Maps
Distribution by European group
| Groups | Parties | Seats | Total | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socialist Group (SOC) |
| 27 | 27 | 45.00 | |
| European People's Party (EPP) |
| 15 1 | 16 | 26.67 | |
| Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (LDR) |
| 5 1 | 6 | 10.00 | |
| European United Left (EUL) |
| 2 1 1 | 4 | 6.67 | |
| Rainbow Group (RBW) |
| 1 1 | 2 | 3.33 | |
| The Green Group in the European Parliament (G) |
| 1 | 1 | 1.67 | |
| Non-Inscrits (NI) |
| 2 1 1 | 4 | 6.67 | |
| Total | 60 | 60 | 100.00 | ||
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