In 1990, elections were held for the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia and the Supreme Soviets of 14 other republics of the Soviet Union.
Background
The proposal to create a "two-story" system for the formation of the legislative branch (with a directly-elected Congress of People's Deputies and a Supreme Soviet elected by the Congress of People's Deputies) in the USSR and its constituent and autonomous republics was put forward by Mikhail Gorbachev at the 19th Conference of the Communist Party in summer of 1988. On 1 December, the corresponding changes were made to the Constitution of the USSR.
Most of the republics except for Russia and its autonomous region of Dagestan ignored this requirement of the Union Constitution. Under the constitutional reform of 1989–90, they retained direct elections to their Supreme Soviets, but unlike the campaigns of preceding 50 years, republican branches of the CPSU now were facing significant opposition from the nationalist forces, represented in organizations such as Lithuania's Sąjūdis and numerous "Popular Fronts" (Estonia, Latvia, Moldavia, Azerbaijan).
List
| Republic | Date | Communist Party | Result | Opposition Parties | Result | Independents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armenia | 20 May | Communist Party of Armenia | 136 / 259 | – | 123 / 259 | |
| Azerbaijan | 30 September | Azerbaijan Communist Party | 280 / 360 | Azerbaijani Popular Front | 45 / 360 | 15 / 360 |
| Byelorussia | 4 March | Communist Party of Byelorussia | 302 / 360 | Belarusian Popular Front | 26 / 360 | – |
| Estonia | 18 March | Communist Party of Estonia | 27 / 105 | Popular Front of Estonia | 43 / 105 | 10 / 105 |
| Joint Soviet of Work Collectives | 25 / 105 | |||||
| Georgia | 28 October | Communist Party of Georgia | 64 / 250 | Round Table—Free Georgia | 155 / 250 | 9 / 250 |
| People's Front | 12 / 250 | |||||
| Kazakhstan | 25 March | Communist Party of Kazakhstan | 342 / 360 | – | 18 / 360 | |
| Kirghizia | 25 February | Communist Party of Kirghizia | 315 / 350 | – | 35 / 350 | |
| Latvia | 18 March | Communist Party of Latvia | 55 / 201 | Popular Front of Latvia | 131 / 201 | 15 / 201 |
| Lithuania | 24 February | Communist Party of Lithuania (CPSU) | 7 / 141 | Lithuanian Social-Democratic Party | 9 / 141 | 64 / 141 |
| Communist Party of Lithuania (independent) | 46 / 141 | Others | 9 / 141 | |||
| Endorsed by Sąjūdis | 91 / 141 | |||||
| Moldavia | February–March | Communist Party of Moldavia | 177 / 380 | Popular Front of Moldova | 101 / 380 | 102 / 380 |
| Russia | 4 March | CPSU | 920 / 1,068 | – | 148 / 1,068 | |
| Endorsed by Democratic Russia | 350 / 1,068 | |||||
| Tajikistan | 25 February | Communist Party of Tajikistan | 221 / 230 | – | 9 / 230 | |
| Turkmenistan | 7 January | Communist Party of Turkmenistan | 157 / 175 | – | 18 / 175 | |
| Ukraine | 4 March | Communist Party of Ukraine | 331 / 450 | Democratic Bloc | 111 / 450 | – |
| Uzbekistan | 18 February | Communist Party of Uzbekistan | 456 / 500 | Unity | 40 / 500 | 4 / 500 |
See also
- 1989 Soviet Union legislative election
- Demokratizatsiya
wikipedia, wiki, encyclopedia, book, library, article, read, free download, Information about 1990 Soviet Union regional elections, What is 1990 Soviet Union regional elections? What does 1990 Soviet Union regional elections mean?