Elections to the Assam Legislative Assembly were held in June 1991 to elect members of 126 constituencies in Assam, India. The Indian National Congress won the popular vote and a majority of seats and Hiteswar Saikia was appointed as the Chief Minister of Assam for his second term. The number of constituencies was set as 126, by the recommendation of the Delimitation Commission of India.
6 and 8 June 1991 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
126 seats in the Assam Legislative Assembly 64 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Registered | 11,892,170 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 74.67% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Background
The Asom Gana Parishad was a constituent member of the Third Front Union Government of India formed in 1989. However, the Assam state executive headed by the Asom Gana Parishad was subsequently dismissed by the Government of India. President's rule was imposed in the state and the Indian Army was tasked with executing Operation Bajrang against the United Liberation Front of Assam.
The elections were fought amidst tense ethnic and sectarian relations. An unnamed legislator associated with the Asom Gana Parishad declared before the elections that:
The electorate in Assam will, however, keep a sharp eye on AGP's stand on the foreigners issue — so far its silence over this vexed problem was understandable. The stigma of fouling up the Indian Constitution. As a consequence thereof, they cannot talk of scrapping the part of the Assam accord. But the issue cannot be left hanging either. The immigrant vote bank is a treasure chest for any political party. The AGP can ill afford to disregard it. It is here that the BJP factor once again comes to the fore. The BJP has made the problem even more complex. It has sought to divide the immigrants into two clear cut sections strictly on religious grounds. The non-Muslims immigrating into India which mainly includes the Hindus and of course the Chakmas, are termed as refugees and are to be given shelter here. On the other hand, the Muslim immigrants are deemed as aliens and are to be detected and deported. This typical stand of the BJP makes little sense and in all likelihood it fails to make any impact on the electorate in Assam. However, there is another face of it. Reports of fundamentalism gaining ground in Assam and in the forthcoming hustings forces of pan-Islamic groups and those subscribing to Hindutva might play dominant roles. Though examples of anything communal making impact on the Assamese are rare, the time has come for the law enforcing authorities to expect the best but prepare for the worst. Prospects of the BJP improving the position in the Barak Valley are bright. There, of course, the question of the Bengali Hindus asserting their right for the sake of their identity is at stake. The Nepalis as well as the Chakmas coming to India in search of greener pastures, have added another dimensions to this festering problem. The peculiar stand of the government of Assam vis-à-vis the infiltration issue is diabolic to say the least. While the surrounding states have pushed the Chakmas out of their borders, all of them have taken refuge in Assam. Steps have been taken to deport them in batches to Bangladesh, but still many of them remain. Some of them even refuse to return to Bangladesh for fear of persecution from the illegal settlers there. Unless things are really sorted out in Bangladesh and also in Nepal the foreigners issue will surely remain a potential area for the political parties to make fresh forays. To sum up, the Assembly elections in Assam will be one of the most explosive ones in recent years. The strength of the opposition parties vis-à-vis the ruling Congress (I) will mark a new point in the state politics. Even the viability of the regional parties will be on test. Though the Left parties are trying to form a united front against the Congress but nothing concrete has yet emanated.
Result
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian National Congress | 2,455,302 | 29.35 | 66 | 40 | |
| Asom Gana Parishad | 1,476,020 | 17.65 | 18 | 74 | |
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 548,271 | 6.55 | 10 | New | |
| Natun Asom Gana Parishad | 456,209 | 5.45 | 5 | New | |
| Janata Dal | 398,623 | 4.77 | 1 | New | |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 321,926 | 3.85 | 2 | 0 | |
| Communist Party of India | 206,541 | 2.47 | 4 | 4 | |
| Autonomous State Demand Committee | 133,280 | 1.59 | 4 | New | |
| Others | 553,683 | 6.62 | 0 | 0 | |
| Independents | 1,814,977 | 21.70 | 16 | 16 | |
| Total | 8,364,832 | 100.00 | 126 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 8,364,832 | 94.33 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 502,807 | 5.67 | |||
| Total votes | 8,867,639 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 11,892,170 | 74.57 | |||
| Source: ECI | |||||
Elected members
| Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) | Member | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ratabari | SC | Ram Payare Rabidas | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Patharkandi | None | Madhusudan Tewari | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Karimganj North | None | Mission Ranjan Das | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Karimganj South | None | Pranab Kumar Nath | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Badarpur | None | Abu Saleh Najmuddin | Indian National Congress | |
| Hailakandi | None | Chittendra Nath Mazumder | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Katlicherra | None | Gautam Roy | Indian National Congress | |
| Algapur | None | Sahidul Alam Chodhary | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Silchar | None | Samarendra Nath Sen | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Sonai | None | Badrinarayan Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Dholai | SC | Parimal Suklabaidya | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Udharbond | None | Jagannath Singh | Indian National Congress | |
| Lakhipur | None | Dinesh Prasad Goala | Indian National Congress | |
| Barkhola | None | Abdul Matin Mazumdar | Janata Dal | |
| Katigora | None | Kali Ranjan Deb | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Haflong | ST | Gobinda Chandra Langthasa | Indian National Congress | |
| Bokajan | ST | Monsing Rongpi | Autonomous State Demand Committee | |
| Howraghat | ST | Babu Rongpi | Autonomous State Demand Committee | |
| Diphu | ST | Dipendra Rongpi | Autonomous State Demand Committee | |
| Baithalangso | ST | Holiram Terang | Autonomous State Demand Committee | |
| Mankachar | None | Zahirul Islam | Indian National Congress | |
| Salmara South | None | Dewan Joynal Abedin | Independent | |
| Dhubri | None | Dhruba Kumar Sen | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| Gauripur | None | Md. Mohidul Haque | Indian National Congress | |
| Golakganj | None | Alauddin Sarkar | Communist Party of India | |
| Bilasipara West | None | Giasuddin Ahmed | Communist Party of India | |
| Bilasipara East | None | Anowar Hussin | Indian National Congress | |
| Gossaigaon | None | Tajendra Narzary | Independent | |
| Kokrajhar West | ST | Parameswar Brahma | Independent | |
| Kokrajhar East | ST | Pramila Rani Brahma | Independent | |
| Sidli | ST | Khiren Borgoyary | Independent | |
| Bongaigaon | None | Phani Bhusan Choudhury | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Bijni | None | Kamal Brahma | Independent | |
| Abhayapuri North | None | Bhupen Roy | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Abhayapuri South | SC | Chandan Kumar Sarkar | Indian National Congress | |
| Dudhnai | ST | Jagat Patgiri | Indian National Congress | |
| Goalpara East | None | Ratneshwar Das | Indian National Congress | |
| Goalpara West | None | Nazmul Hoque | Independent | |
| Jaleswar | None | Afzalur Rahman | Indian National Congress | |
| Sorbhog | None | Samsul Hoque | Indian National Congress | |
| Bhabanipur | None | Milan Boro | Independent | |
| Patacharkuchi | None | Krishna Kanta Lahkar | Independent | |
| Barpeta | None | Ismail Hussain | Indian National Congress | |
| Jania | None | Asahaque Ali | Independent | |
| Baghbar | None | Dildar Rezza | Indian National Congress | |
| Sarukhetri | None | Nizamuddin Khan | Communist Party of India | |
| Chenga | None | Liakat Ali Khan | Independent | |
| Boko | SC | Gopinath Das | Indian National Congress | |
| Chaygaon | None | Kamala Kalita | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Palasbari | None | Jatin Mali | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Jalukbari | None | Bhrigu Kumar Phukan | Natun Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Dispur | None | Atul Bora | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Gauhati East | None | Chitta Ranjan Patowari | Indian National Congress | |
| Gauhati West | None | Ramendra Narayan Kalita | Natun Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Hajo | None | Badan Baruah | Natun Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Kamalpur | None | Hiteswar Deka | Natun Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Rangiya | None | Thaneswar Baro | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Tamulpur | None | Derhagra Musha | Independent | |
| Nalbari | None | Nagen Sarma | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Barkhetry | None | Bhumidhar Barman | Indian National Congress | |
| Dharmapur | None | Chandra Mohan Patowary | Independent | |
| Barama | ST | Pani Ram Rabha | Natun Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Chapaguri | ST | Suren Swargiary | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Panery | None | Karendra Basumatari | Independent | |
| Kalaigaon | None | Jew Ram Boro | Independent | |
| Sipajhar | None | Zoii Nath Sarmah | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Mangaldoi | SC | Nakul Chandra Das | Indian National Congress | |
| Dalgaon | None | Anwara Taimur | Indian National Congress | |
| Udalguri | ST | Jaman Singh Brahma | Indian National Congress | |
| Majbat | None | Silvius Condpan | Indian National Congress | |
| Dhekiajuli | None | Hiranya Bora | Indian National Congress | |
| Barchalla | None | Rudra Parajuli | Indian National Congress | |
| Tezpur | None | Bijit Saikia | Indian National Congress | |
| Rangapara | None | Golok Rajbanshi | Indian National Congress | |
| Sootea | None | Kushal Sahu | Indian National Congress | |
| Biswanath | None | Nurjamal Sarkar | Indian National Congress | |
| Behali | None | Barnabash Tantee | Indian National Congress | |
| Gohpur | None | Kosheswar Barua | Indian National Congress | |
| Jagiroad | SC | Bubul Das | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Marigaon | None | Munin Mahanta | Communist Party of India | |
| Laharighat | None | Samsul Huda | Indian National Congress | |
| Raha | SC | Gahin Chandra Das | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Dhing | None | Muzibar Rahman | Indian National Congress | |
| Batadroba | None | Goutom Bora | Indian National Congress | |
| Rupohihat | None | Rashidul Haque | Indian National Congress | |
| Nowgong | None | Mukut Sarma | Indian National Congress | |
| Barhampur | None | Prafulla Kumar Mahanta | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Samaguri | None | Nurul Hussain | Indian National Congress | |
| Kaliabor | None | Boloram Nag | Indian National Congress | |
| Jamunamukh | None | Abdul Jalil Ragibi | Indian National Congress | |
| Hojai | None | Ardhendu Kumar Dey | Indian National Congress | |
| Lumding | None | Debesh Ch. Chaakroborty | Indian National Congress | |
| Bokakhat | None | Bhupen Bhuyan | Indian National Congress | |
| Sarupathar | None | Binod Gowal | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Golaghat | None | Nagen Neog | Indian National Congress | |
| Khumtai | None | Jiba Kanta Gogoi | Indian National Congress | |
| Dergaon | SC | Hem Prakash Narayan | Indian National Congress | |
| Jorhat | None | Hitendra Nath Goswami | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Majuli | ST | Padmeswar Doley | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Titabar | None | Mahendra Bora | Indian National Congress | |
| Mariani | None | Rupam Kurmi | Indian National Congress | |
| Teok | None | Renu Poma Rajkhowa | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Amguri | None | Anjan Dutta | Indian National Congress | |
| Nazira | None | Hiteshwar Saikia | Indian National Congress | |
| Mahmara | None | Lakhi Prasad Borgohain | Indian National Congress | |
| Sonari | None | Sarat Barkotoky | Indian National Congress | |
| Thowra | None | Devananda Konwar | Indian National Congress | |
| Sibsagar | None | Promod Gogoi | Communist Party of India | |
| Bihpuria | None | Borgaram Deori | Indian National Congress | |
| Naoboicha | None | Moni Kumar Subba | Indian National Congress | |
| Lakhimpur | None | Indra Gogoi | Indian National Congress | |
| Dhakuakhana | ST | Bharat Chandra Narah | Independent | |
| Dhemaji | ST | Dilip Kumar Saikia | Asom Gana Parishad | |
| Jonai | ST | Gomeswar Pegu | Indian National Congress | |
| Moran | None | Joy Chandra Nagbanshi | Indian National Congress | |
| Dibrugarh | None | Keshab Gogoi | Indian National Congress | |
| Lahowal | None | Haren Bhumij | Indian National Congress | |
| Duliajan | None | Aniya Gogoi | Indian National Congress | |
| Tingkhong | None | Prithibi Majhi | Indian National Congress | |
| Naharkatia | None | Sasha Kamal Handique | Communist Party of India | |
| Chabua | None | Upendra Sanatan | Indian National Congress | |
| Tinsukia | None | Shio Sambhu Ojha | Indian National Congress | |
| Digboi | None | Rameswar Dhanowar | Indian National Congress | |
| Margherita | None | Kulbahadur Chetri | Indian National Congress | |
| Doom Dooma | None | Dileswar Tanti | Indian National Congress | |
| Sadiya | None | Debendra Nath Baruah | Indian National Congress | |
See also
- List of constituencies of the Assam Legislative Assembly
- 1991 elections in India
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