2024 European Parliament election in Germany

The 2024 European Parliament election in Germany was held on 9 June 2024. It was the tenth parliamentary election since the first direct elections in 1979, and the first European Parliament election after Brexit.

2024 European Parliament election in Germany

← 2019
9 June 2024
2029 →

All 96 German seats to the European Parliament
Turnout64.78% ( 3.4 pp)
Party Leader Vote % Seats +/–
CDU/CSU Manfred Weber 30.02 29 0
AfD Maximilian Krah 15.89 15 +4
SPD Katarina Barley 13.94 14 −2
Greens Terry Reintke 11.90 12 −9
BSW Fabio De Masi 6.17 6 New
FDP M.-A. Strack-Zimmermann 5.18 5 0
Left M. Schirdewan & C. Rackete 2.74 3 −2
FW Christine Singer 2.67 3 +1
Volt D. Boeselager & N. Riehl 2.57 3 +2
Die PARTEI Martin Sonneborn 1.95 2 0
Tierschutzpartei Sebastian Everding 1.43 1 0
ÖDP Manuela Ripa 0.65 1 0
Familie Helmut Geuking 0.61 1 0
PdF Lukas Sieper 0.57 1 New
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Results of the election. The map on the right shows the results by district. The map in the lower left shows results by state.

The election saw the CDU/CSU slightly increase its vote share, while all three parties comprising the government — the SPD, the Greens and the FDP — earned fewer votes than five years ago, with the Greens in particular suffering especially high losses. Conversely, the far-right AfD surged in both votes and seats, finishing second.

There was a stark regional disparity: The AfD won at least a plurality in all but six districts in former East Germany: Potsdam and Potsdam-Mittelmark in Brandenburg, the cities of Erfurt, Jena and Weimar as well as traditionally Catholic Eichsfeld in Thuringia. The newly formed left-populist party Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance also attracted a significant number of voters, with its support also being highest in the former East German states.

Background

The 2024 European Parliament election was the first national election to be held in Germany since the 2021 federal election, in which former Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats CDU-CSU lost to the Social Democratic Party (SPD) led by Olaf Scholz who formed a "traffic light coalition" with the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the Alliance 90/The Greens. The coalition lowered the voting age for European Parliamentary Elections from 18 to 16 prior to this election.

Electoral threshold

Since the 2014 European Parliament election, Germany does not have an overriding threshold of the vote share required in order for a party to win an EP seat — unlike the 5% threshold in national elections. This has allowed a number of smaller parties to gain representation, since they only have to reach about 0.5% of the vote share needed to get their first seat under the Webster/Sainte-Laguë method.

Germany is entitled to elect 96 Members of the European Parliament.

Although the European Council had recommended that countries with more than 35 MEPs should introduce a threshold between 2% and 5%, the German government abandoned its plans for a 2% threshold in November 2018. In 2022, the government decided to introduce a 2% threshold, but this will not yet apply in the 2024 election. In 2019, the de facto threshold for a seat was around 0.7% of the vote.

Outgoing delegation

The table shows the detailed composition of the German seats at the European Parliament as of 12 March 2024.

EP Group Seats Party Seats MEPs
European People's Party
30 / 96
Christian Democratic Union 23
 
  • Hildegard Bentele
  • Stefan Berger
  • Karolin Braunsberger-Reinhold
  • Daniel Caspary
  • Lena Düpont
  • Christian Ehler
  • Michael Gahler
  • Jens Gieseke
  • Niclas Herbst
  • Peter Jahr
  • Peter Liese
  • Norbert Lins
  • David McAllister
  • Markus Pieper
  • Dennis Radtke
  • Christine Schneider
  • Andreas Schwab
  • Ralf Seekatz
  • Sven Simon
  • Sabine Verheyen
  • Axel Voss
  • Marion Walsmann
  • Rainer Wieland
Christian Social Union 6
 
  • Christian Doleschal
  • Markus Ferber
  • Monika Hohlmeier
  • Marlene Mortler
  • Angelika Niebler
  • Manfred Weber
Family Party 1
 
  • Helmut Geuking
Greens–European Free Alliance
25 / 96
Alliance 90/The Greens 21
 
  • Rasmus Andresen
  • Michael Bloss
  • Reinhard Bütikofer
  • Anna Cavazzini
  • Anna Deparnay-Grunenberg
  • Romeo Franz
  • Daniel Freund
  • Alexandra Geese
  • Henrike Hahn
  • Martin Häusling
  • Pierrette Herzberger-Fofana
  • Ska Keller
  • Sergey Lagodinsky
  • Katrin Langensiepen
  • Erik Marquardt
  • Hannah Neumann
  • Niklas Nienaß
  • Jan Ovelgönne
  • Jutta Paulus
  • Terry Reintke
  • Viola von Cramon-Taubadel
Ecological Democratic Party 1
 
  • Manuela Ripa
Volt 1
 
  • Damian Boeselager
Pirate Party 1
 
  • Patrick Breyer
Independents 1
 
  • Nico Semsrott
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
16 / 96
Social Democratic Party 16
 
  • Katarina Barley
  • Gabriele Bischoff
  • Udo Bullmann
  • Delara Burkhardt
  • Matthias Ecke
  • Jens Geier
  • Petra Kammerevert
  • Dietmar Köster
  • Bernd Lange
  • Karsten Lucke
  • Maria Noichl
  • René Repasi
  • Thomas Rudner
  • Joachim Schuster
  • Birgit Sippel
  • Tiemo Wölken
Renew Europe
7 / 96
Free Democratic Party 5
 
  • Andreas Glück
  • Svenja Hahn
  • Michael Kauch
  • Moritz Körner
  • Jan-Christoph Oetjen
Free Voters 2
 
  • Engin Eroglu
  • Ulrike Müller
The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL
5 / 96
The Left 5
 
  • Özlem Demirel
  • Cornelia Ernst
  • Martina Michels
  • Martin Schirdewan
  • Helmut Scholz
European Conservatives and Reformists
1 / 96
Alliance Germany 1
 
  • Lars Patrick Berg
Non-Inscrits
12 / 96
Alternative for Germany 9
 
  • Christine Anderson
  • Gunnar Beck
  • Markus Buchheit
  • Nicolaus Fest
  • Maximilian Krah
  • Joachim Kuhs
  • Sylvia Limmer
  • Guido Reil
  • Bernhard Zimniok
Die PARTEI 1
 
  • Martin Sonneborn
Independents 2
 
  • Martin Buschmann
  • Jörg Meuthen
Total 96
Source: European Parliament

Parties campaigning for election

Political parties and other political associations may submit lists for the European elections. The lists must be submitted by the 83rd day before the election. Nationwide lists must be signed by 4,000 eligible voters, state lists by 1 per thousand, but not more than 2,000 eligible voters of the respective state (section 9 (5) EuWG). Parties that have been represented in the Bundestag, a regional parliament or the European Parliament with at least five members since its last election are exempt from the obligation to submit supporting signatures. These are (sorted by election results 2019):

Party European Party Group 2019 result Top candidate
CDU/CSU EPP EPP 28.9% Manfred Weber
Greens EGP Greens/EFA 20.5% Terry Reintke, Sergey Lagodinsky
SPD PES S&D 15.8% Katarina Barley
AfD ID ID 11.0% Maximilian Krah
Left PEL GUE/NGL 5.5% Martin Schirdewan, Carola Rackete
FDP ALDE Renew 5.4% Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann
FW EDP Renew 2.2% Christine Singer
Alliance Germany ECR Lars Patrick Berg

The following other parties are currently represented in the European Parliament with one MEP each:

Party European Party Group 2019 result Top candidate
PARTEI Non-inscrits 2.4% Martin Sonneborn, Sibylle Berg
ÖDP Greens/EFA 1.0% Manuela Ripa
Family Party ECPM EPP 0.7% Helmut Geuking
Volt Volt Greens/EFA 0.7% Damian Boeselager, Nela Riehl
Pirates PPEU Greens/EFA 0.7% Anja Hirschel

The federal lists of the following other parties and political associations were accepted:

Party European Party/Organization 2019 result Top candidate Note
Human Environment Animal Protection Party Animal Politics EU 1.45% Sebastian Everding
MERA25 DiEM25 0.35% Karin De Rigo, Johannes Fehr 2019 as DiEM25
The Homeland APF 0.27% Udo Voigt formerly the National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD)
Action Party for Animal Welfare 0.27% Cornelia Keisel
Party for Biomedical Rejuvenation Research 0.19% Felix Werth formerly Party for Health Research
Alliance for Innovation and Justice FPP 0.18% Haluk Yildiz
Alliance C – Christians for Germany ECPM 0.18% Karin Heepen
Party of Humanists 0.17% Sascha Boelcke
Human World 0.09% Dominik Laur
German Communist Party 0.05% Patrik Köbele
Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany ICOR 0.05% Monika Gärtner-Engel
Socialist Equality Party ICFI 0.01% Christoph Vandreier
Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance did not exist Fabio De Masi
Action Citizens for Justice did not exist Loreen Bermuske
Climate List Germany did not exist Verena Hofmann
Democratic Alliance for Diversity and Awakening UID did not exist Fatih Zingal
Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany did not exist Ellèn Hölzer
Last Generation did not exist Lina Johnsen
Party of Reason EPIL did not run Dirk Hesse
Party of Progress did not exist Lukas Sieper[citation needed]
V-Partei3 did not run Simon Klopstock

Controversies

Attacks on election campaigners

In the last week of April 2024, campaign workers from the Greens, Volt and Left Party were attacked and in some cases injured while putting up posters.

On 3 May 2024, Matthias Ecke (SPD) was attacked while putting up posters for the 2024 European elections in Dresden. He suffered a fracture to his eye socket and had to undergo surgery. State security took over the investigation, as it was assumed that the attack was politically motivated. Shortly before this, a campaign worker for Bündnis 90/Die Grünen had already been attacked at the same location while putting up posters. On 5 May, a 17-year-old turned himself in and admitted to the attack on Ecke. The three other suspects were then also identified. After the incident in Dresden, the alliances "Zusammen gegen Rechts" and "Wir sind die Brandmauer Dresden" called for demonstrations in Dresden and Berlin on 5 May 2024. In Dresden, 3,000 participants gathered to show solidarity after the attack; the demonstration was held under the slogan "Violence has no place in our democracy".

On 4 May 2024, Holger Kühnlenz, an AfD member of the Lower Saxony state parliament, was pelted with eggs in Nordhorn and punched in the face. In addition, an AfD election campaign stand in Dresden was damaged.

On 5 June 2024, Heinrich Koch, an AfD local council candidate was stabbed in Mannheim when "confronting poster vandals." Another knife-related attack took place in Mannheim a few days earlier.

AfD leadership change

In a May 2024 interview with Italian newspaper La Repubblica, Maximilian Krah, up to then leader of the AfD EP election candidates and already under pressure due to his EP office assistant being suspected of spying for China, argued that not all members of the Waffen-SS should be judged as criminals, citing the example of Günter Grass, a Nobel Prize winner for literature and former member of the Waffen-SS, and added "I would never say that anyone who wore an SS uniform was automatically a criminal. Among the 900,000 SS, there were also many peasants: there was certainly a high percentage of criminals, but not only that". The interview was said to have caused a further decline in already strained relations between the AfD and the French National Rally who both sat within the Identity and Democracy group. In response to Krah's statements and allegations of Chinese influence on the AfD, members of the National Rally followed by Italy's Lega and the Danish People's Party announced they would part ways with the AfD and cease formal collaboration with the party after the 2024 European Parliament election.

After the EP election, the newly elected AfD MEPs chose René Aust as head of the AfD's delegation to the European Parliament. Maximilian Krah was not a part of the EP group. He successfully campaigned for a seat in the German parliament snap election.

Opinion polling

Federal level

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size
Union
EPP
Grüne
G/EFA
SPD
S&D
AfD
NI
Linke
Left
FDP
Renew
PARTEI
NI
FW
Renew
Tiersch.
Left
ÖDP
G/EFA
FAM
EPP
Volt
G/EFA
PIRAT
G/EFA
BSW
NI
Others Lead
Wahlkreisprognose 6–7 Jun 2024 1,000 30 13.5 12.5 15.5 2.5 4.5 2.5 7.5 11.5 14.5
Wahlkreisprognose 4–6 Jun 2024 1,300 31 14.5 14.5 14 2.5 4 2 6.5 11 16.5
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 5–6 Jun 2024 1,223 30 14 14 14 3 4 3 7 13 16
Ipsos 29 May–5 Jun 2024 2,000 30 15 15 14 3 5 3 7 8 15
Wahlkreisprognose 27 May1 Jun 2024 2,000 30.5 15 13.5 15 3 4 1.5 2.5 1.5 6 7.5 15.5
INSA 30–31 May 2024 1,001 29 13 14 16 3 4 3 7 11 13
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 27–29 May 2024 1,197 30 15 14 14 4 4 6 13 15
Infratest dimap 27–29 May 2024 1,515 29 14 15 14 3 4 3 6 12 14
INSA 23–24 May 2024 1,002 30 13 14 17 3 4 3 7 9 13
Wahlkreisprognose 13–21 May 2024 2,600 31 15 12.5 16 3 3.5 1.5 2.5 2 6.5 6.5 15
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 14–16 May 2024 1,247 31 15 14 15 3 4 5 13 16
INSA 10–13 May 2024 2,100 29 13 15.5 17 4 4 3 2 7 5.5 12
YouGov 3–8 May 2024 1,247 29 15 16 20 4 4 6 6 9
Infratest dimap 29–30 Apr 2024 1,323 30 15 14 15 4 7 15 15
INSA 25–26 Apr 2024 1,202 29 13 16 17 4 4 3 7 7 12
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 23–25 Apr 2024 1,228 30 17 15 15 3 3 4 13 13
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 9–11 Apr 2024 1,254 30 15 16 16 3 3 5 12 14
INSA 5–8 Apr 2024 2,100 28.5 11.5 16.5 19 4 5 3 2 6 4 9.5
Ipsos 23 Feb–02 Mar 2024 2,613 29 16 17 16 4 4 7 4 12
Forsa 12–13 Mar 2024 1,008 34 14 16 15 2 3 3 4 9 18
INSA 8–11 Mar 2024 2,100 28.5 11 16 20 4.5 6 1 2.5 2 0.5 0.5 0.5 5.5 1.5 8.5
Ipsos 23 Feb–5 Mar 2024 2,613 29 16 17 16 4 4 3 7 4 12
Wahlkreisprognose 24–29 Feb 2024 1,900 31.5 16 12 16 2 3 1.5 3.5 2.5 7.5 4.5 15.5
Stack Data Strategy 17–22 Feb 2024 980 25.5 9.8 16.5 15.1 2.7 6.0 3.2 4.1 3.1 1.3 1.2 9.3 3.4 9.0
INSA 8–12 Feb 2024 2,101 27 10.5 16 22 4.5 3 1 3.5 3 1 1 1 5.5 1.5 5
Portland 24–31 Jan 2024 555 29 13 16 17 3 5 1 3 3 0 0 1 1 6 2 12
Wahlkreisprognose 11–18 Jan 2024 1,440 28 13 9 23 3 4.5 1.5 5 1.5 7 4.5 5
Wahlkreisprognose 1–7 Dec 2023 1,440 31 12 10 25 3 3 1.5 2.5 2 7 3 6
INSA 31 Jul 2023 1,001 26 15 19 23 5 7 6 3
Wahlkreisprognose 7–14 Jul 2023 1,040 23 13.5 15 22 2.5 3.5 2 3 1.5 8.5 5.5 1
Wahlkreisprognose 15–16 Dec 2022 1,100 22 21 21 18.5 3.5 3.5 2 3.5 2.5 2.5 1
Wahlkreisprognose 24–26 Feb 2022 1,722 22 19.5 22.5 12.5 3 7.5 2.5 3 2 5.5 0.5
2021 federal election 26 Sep 2021 24.2 14.7 25.7 10.4 4.9 11.4 1.0 2.4 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 2.9 1.6
2019 European election 26 May 2019 28.9 20.5 15.8 11.0 5.5 5.4 2.4 2.2 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 3.8 8.4

Regional polls

Bavaria

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size
CSU
EPP
Grüne
G/EFA
SPD
S&D
AfD
ID
FW
Renew
FDP
Renew
Linke
Left
BSW
NI
Others Lead
GMS 31 Jan5 Feb 2024 1,018 43 11 8 16 10 2 1 4 5 27
Infratest dimap 11–15 Jan 2024 1,161 43 13 8 13 9 3 9 30
GMS 27 Dec2 Jan 2024 1,002 42 13 7 17 10 3 1 7 25
2023 state election 8 Oct 2023 37.0 14.4 8.4 14.6 15.8 3.0 1.5 5.3 21.2
2021 federal election 26 Sep 2021 31.7 14.1 18.0 9.0 7.5 10.5 2.8 6.4 13.7
2019 European election 26 May 2019 40.7 19.1 9.3 8.5 5.3 3.4 2.4 11.3 21.6

Eastern Germany

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size
CDU
EPP
AfD
ID
Linke
Left
SPD
S&D
Grüne
G/EFA
FDP
Renew
BSW
NI
Others Lead
INSA 8–12 Feb 2024 17 32 7 12 9 2 9 12 15
2021 federal election 26 Sep 2021 16.8 20.5 10.4 24.1 9.2 9.5 9.5 3.6
2019 European election 26 May 2019 21.5 21.1 13.4 12.2 11.6 4.4 15.8 0.4

Western Germany

Polling firm Fieldwork date Sample
size
Union
EPP
Grüne
G/EFA
SPD
S&D
AfD
ID
FDP
Renew
Linke
Left
BSW
NI
Others Lead
INSA 8–12 Feb 2024 29 11 17 20 3 4 5 11 9
2021 federal election 26 Sep 2021 25.6 15.9 26.1 8.2 11.9 3.7 8.6 0.5
2019 European election 26 May 2019 30.5 22.5 16.6 8.6 5.6 3.8 11.8 8.0

Results

The larger map denotes the results by districts and cities, while the smaller shows results in 16 states, including three city-states.

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
EPPChristian Democratic Union of Germany without CSU/Bavaria9,431,56723.70230
ESNAlternative for Germany6,324,00815.8915+4
S&DSocial Democratic Party of Germany5,548,52813.9414–2
G/EFAAlliance 90/The Greens4,736,91311.9012–9
EPPChristian Social Union in Bavaria (Bavaria only)2,513,3006.3260
NISahra Wagenknecht Alliance2,453,6526.176New
REFree Democratic Party2,060,4575.1850
The LeftThe Left1,091,2682.743–2
REFree Voters1,062,1322.673+1
G/EFAVolt Germany1,023,1612.573+2
NIDie PARTEI775,3921.9520
The LeftHuman Environment Animal Protection Party570,4981.4310
EPPEcological Democratic Party257,9680.6510
EPPFamily Party of Germany243,9750.6110
NIParty of Progress227,6310.571New
G/EFAPirate Party Germany186,7730.470–1
NIAction Party for Animal Welfare173,4430.4400
ECRBündnis Deutschland164,4770.410New
NIDemocratic Alliance for Diversity and Awakening148,7240.370New
NIMERA25 – United for European Independence118,6160.3000
NIVoice of the Last Generation104,3400.260New
NIGrassroots Democratic Party of Germany99,5020.250New
NIParty of Humanists82,2750.2100
NIAlliance C – Christians for Germany75,0530.1900
NIV-Partei³55,4400.140New
NIHuman World54,0980.1400
NIThe Homeland41,0060.1000
NIKlimaliste Deutschland31,5040.080New
NIAlliance for Innovation and Justice31,1410.0800
NIParty of Reason29,5080.070New
NIAction Citizens for Justice26,5060.070New
NIParty for Biomedical Rejuvenation Research18,9350.0500
NIGerman Communist Party14,9450.0400
NIMarxist–Leninist Party of Germany13,5530.0300
NISocialist Equality Party, Fourth International5,9230.0100
Total39,796,212100.00960
Valid votes39,796,21299.17
Invalid/blank votes332,1360.83
Total votes40,128,348100.00
Registered voters/turnout61,779,63664.95
Source: Die Bundeswahlleiterin

Results by state

The AfD and the BSW overperformed drastically in the former East Germany, except for Berlin, where the Greens secured the first place, albeit with 8.2% less than in 2019. Overall, the AfD got the highest vote totals in all five former East German states, while the Union secured pluralities in all eight non-city-states to the west of the former border. In addition to Berlin, the Greens also maintained a plurality in the port city-state of Hamburg, though at a 9.9 percentage points lower level than in 2019, while the SPD came first in Bremen, though with 3% less of the vote than in 2019.

Results for each party by state:

State Union
EPP
AfD
ID
SPD
S&D
Grüne
G/EFA
BSW
NI
FDP
Renew
Linke
Left
FW
Renew
Volt
G/EFA
Others
Baden-Württemberg 32.0 14.7 11.6 13.8 4.5 6.8 1.9 3.8 2.5 8.4
Bavaria 39.7 12.6 8.9 11.8 3.8 3.9 1.4 6.8 2.4 8.7
Berlin 17.6 11.6 13.2 19.6 8.7 4.3 7.3 0.5 4.8 12.4
Brandenburg 18.4 27.5 13.1 6.0 13.8 3.2 4.4 2.1 1.6 9.9
Bremen 19.8 10.2 21.5 16.2 5.6 5.3 5.8 0.5 4.7 10.4
Hamburg 18.4 8.0 18.7 21.2 4.9 7.0 5.1 0.5 5.9 10.3
Hesse 30.0 13.6 16.4 12.9 4.4 6.3 2.5 2.0 3.3 8.6
Lower Saxony 31.4 13.2 19.5 12.2 4.5 5.3 2.1 1.2 2.2 8.4
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 21.5 28.3 10.3 4.8 16.4 2.6 4.9 1.0 1.3 8.9
North Rhine-Westphalia 31.2 12.6 17.2 13.5 4.4 6.3 2.1 0.7 2.8 9.2
Rhineland-Palatinate 30.7 14.7 17.5 9.3 4.7 5.9 1.7 5.2 2.2 8.1
Saarland 29.3 15.7 20.5 6.6 7.9 4.7 2.0 1.6 1.7 10.0
Saxony 21.8 31.8 6.9 5.9 12.6 2.4 4.9 2.4 1.8 9.5
Saxony-Anhalt 22.8 30.5 8.7 3.9 15.0 2.5 4.8 1.5 1.3 9.0
Schleswig-Holstein 30.2 12.2 16.7 15.4 4.1 6.3 2.3 1.2 2.5 9.1
Thuringia 23.2 30.7 8.2 4.2 15.0 2.0 5.7 1.8 1.3 7.9

Electorate

Demographic Union
EPP
Grüne
G/EFA
SPD
S&D
AfD
ID
Linke
Left
FDP
Renew
BSW
NI
Other
Total vote 30.0% 11.9% 13.9% 15.9% 2.7% 5.2% 6.2% 14.2%
Sex
Men 30% 11% 13% 19% 2% 6% 5% 14%
Women 30% 13% 15% 12% 3% 5% 7% 15%
Age
16–24 years old 17% 11% 9% 16% 6% 7% 6% 28%
25–34 years old 19% 15% 9% 18% 4% 6% 5% 24%
35–44 years old 26% 14% 10% 20% 2% 5% 5% 18%
45–59 years old 31% 13% 13% 18% 2% 5% 6% 12%
60–69 years old 33% 11% 18% 15% 2% 5% 7% 9%
70 and older 46% 7% 23% 8% 2% 5% 6% 3%
Employment status
Self-employed 30% 15% 9% 17% 2% 10% 6% 11%
Employees 29% 13% 13% 15% 3% 5% 6% 16%
Workers 24% 6% 12% 33% 3% 3% 6% 13%
Pensioners 41% 8% 21% 11% 2% 5% 7% 5%
Education
Simple education 38% 4% 18% 22% 2% 2% 3% 11%
Medium education 31% 6% 13% 23% 3% 4% 7% 13%
High education 27% 18% 13% 10% 3% 7% 6% 16%
Source: Infratest dimap

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