2024 European Parliament election in Spain

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An election was held in Spain on Sunday, 9 June 2024, as part of the EU-wide election to elect the 10th European Parliament. All 61 seats allocated to the Spanish constituency as per the Treaty of Lisbon and the 2023 Council Decision establishing the composition of the European Parliament were up for election.

2024 European Parliament election in Spain
← 2019
9 June 2024
2029 →
← outgoing members
All 61 Spanish seats in the European Parliament
Opinion polls
Registered38,050,286 2.2%
Turnout17,652,007 (46.4%)
14.3 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Dolors Montserrat Teresa Ribera Jorge Buxadé
Party PP PSOE Vox
Alliance EPP S&D Patriots
Leader since 1 April 2019 24 April 2024 21 April 2019
Last election 13 seats, 20.2% 21 seats, 32.9% 4 seats, 6.2%
Seats won 22 20 6
Seat change 9 1 2
Popular vote 5,996,627 5,290,945 1,688,255
Percentage 34.2% 30.2% 9.6%
Swing 14.0 pp 2.7 pp 3.4 pp
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Diana Riba Estrella Galán Alvise Pérez
Party Ahora Repúblicas Sumar SALF
Alliance Greens/EFA
The Left 		Greens/EFA
The Left 		NI
Leader since 6 February 2024 19 March 2024 22 February 2024
Last election 3 seats, 5.6% 3 seats (UPCE) Did not contest
Seats won 3 3 3
Seat change 0 0 3
Popular vote 860,660 818,015 803,545
Percentage 4.9% 4.7% 4.6%
Swing 0.7 pp n/a New party

The election resulted in a victory for the opposition People's Party (PP), albeit short of the landslide victory that opinion polls had predicted a few weeks before the vote. At 34.2% and 22 seats, this was an increase of 14 percentage points and 9 seats from its 2019 performance. The ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), with third deputy prime minister Teresa Ribera as its lead candidate, held its own by scoring 30.2% and 20 seats, a drop of less than three points and one seat to its 2019 result. Far-right Vox increased its count by three points and two seats to just below 10% and 6, whereas the left-wing vote split between Yolanda Díaz's Sumar alliance and former minister Irene Montero's Podemos. The election was notable for the surprise performance of social media polemicist Alvise Pérez's right-wing Se Acabó La Fiesta (Spanish for "The Party is Over"), which scored in sixth place just below Sumar. Left-wing nationalist Ahora Repúblicas roughly maintained its share and seats from the 2019 election, whereas Carles Puigdemont's Together and Free for Europe (Junts UE) and the peripheral nationalist Coalition for a Solidary Europe (CEUS) saw large drops in support. The vote for liberal Citizens (Cs), which had peaked at 12.2% and 8 seats in the previous election, collapsed to 0.7%, losing all of its parliamentary representation.

The aftermath of the election saw the resignation of Yolanda Díaz as Sumar's leader over her alliance's disappointing results and in Vox leaving the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) to join Viktor Orbán's new Patriots for Europe grouping.

Electoral system

61 members of the European Parliament were allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon and subsequent acts. Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals and resident non-national European citizens over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2022 abolished the "begged" or expat vote system (Spanish: voto rogado), under which Spaniards abroad were required to apply for voter registration before being permitted to vote. The expat vote system was attributed responsibility for a major decrease in the turnout of Spaniards abroad during the years it had been in force.

All seats were elected in a single multi-member constituency—comprising the entire national territory—using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional voting system, with no electoral threshold being applied in order to be entitled to enter seat distribution. The use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.

The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacated seats; instead, any vacancies that occurred after the proclamation of candidates and into the legislative term were to be covered by the successive candidates in the list and, when required, by the designated substitutes.

Outgoing delegation

Outgoing delegation in May 2024
Groups Parties MEPs
Seats Total
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats PSOE 21 21
European People's Party PP 13 13
Renew Europe Cs 7 9
EAJ/PNV 1
INDEP 1
The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL Podemos 4 6
IU 1
Anticap. 1
European Conservatives and Reformists Vox 4 4
Greens–European Free Alliance ERC 2 3
BNG 1
Non-Inscrits Junts 3 3

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call. In order to be entitled to run, parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors; this requirement could be lifted and replaced through the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils. Electors and elected officials were disallowed from signing for more than one list of candidates.

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy Parties and
alliances 		Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Ref.
Vote % Seats
PSOE
List
  • Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
  • Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC)
Teresa Ribera Social democracy 32.9% 21
PP
List
  • People's Party (PP)
Dolors Montserrat Conservatism
Christian democracy 		20.2% 13
Cs
List
  • Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)
Jordi Cañas Liberalism 12.2% 8
Sumar
List
  • Unite Movement (SMR)
  • United Left (IU)
    – Communist Party of Spain (PCE)
    – The Dawn. Marxist Organization OM (La Aurora (om))
    – Ecosocialists of the Region of Murcia (ESRM)
    – Initiative for El Hierro (IpH)
    – Republican Left (IR)
  • Greens Equo (VQ)
  • More Madrid (MM)
  • Catalonia in Common (CatComú)
    – Barcelona in Common (BComú)
    – Green Left (EV)
  • Commitment Coalition (Compromís)
    – Més–Compromís (Més)
    – Valencian People's Initiative (IdPV)
  • New Canaries–Canarian Bloc (NC–BC)
  • Aragonese Union (CHA)
  • Andalusian People's Initiative (IdPA)
  • Castilian Party–Commoners' Land (PCAS–TC)
Estrella Galán Progressivism
Green politics
Democratic socialism
11.4%
 6


Podemos
List
  • We Can (Podemos)
  • Green Alliance (AV)
Irene Montero Left-wing populism
Democratic socialism

Vox
List
  • Vox (Vox)
Jorge Buxadé Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
National conservatism 		6.2% 4
Ahora
Repúblicas
List
  • Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)
  • Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)
    – Create (Sortu)
    – Basque Solidarity (EA)
    – Alternative (Alternatiba)
  • Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)
    – Galician People's Union (UPG)
    – Galician Movement for Socialism (MGS)
    – Abrente–Galician Democratic Left (Abrente–EDG)
    – Galician Workers' Front (FOGA)
  • Now More (Ara Més)
    – More for Mallorca (Més)
    – More for Menorca (MxMe)
    – Now Eivissa (Ara Eivissa)
Diana Riba Secessionism
Left-wing nationalism 		5.6% 3

Junts UE
List
  • Together for Catalonia (JxCat)
  • Democrats of Catalonia (DC)
  • Left Movement of Catalonia (MESCat)
Toni Comín Catalan independence
Populism
4.5%
 3
CEUS
List
  • Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)
  • Canarian Coalition (CCa)
  • Yes to the Future (GBai)
    – Future Social Greens (GSB/GSV)
    – Villava Group (ATALADEA)
  • Proposal for the Isles (El Pi)
Oihane Agirregoitia Peripheral nationalism 2.8% 1
SALF
List
  • The Party is Over (Se Acabó La Fiesta)
Alvise Pérez Right-wing populism
Anti-establishment 		New party

Campaign

Party slogans

Party or alliance Original slogan English translation Ref.
PSOE « Más Europa » "More Europe"
PP « Tu voto es la respuesta » "Your vote is the answer"
Cs « Equipo España » "Team Spain"
Vox « Nos van a oír » "They will hear us"
Sumar « Marca el rumbo » "Set the course"
Podemos « Así es la vida » "That is life"
Ahora Repúblicas
  • ERC
  • EH Bildu
  • BNG
  • Ara Més
 ERC: « Europa Republicana »
EH Bildu: « Nazioa gara. Orain Euskal Herria »
BNG: « A voz galega en Europa »
Ara Més: « La veu de les Illes a Europa » 		ERC: "Republican Europe"
EH Bildu: « We are a nation. Basque Country Now »
BNG: « The Galician voice in Europe »
Ara Més: « The voice of the Islands in Europe »


Junts UE « Per seguir guanyant a Europa » "To keep winning in Europe"
CEUS
  • EAJ/PNV
  • CCa
  • GBai
  • El Pi
 EAJ/PNV: « Indar Berria Europan. Tu voz importa »
CCa: « El poder de nuestro acento »
GBai: « Nafarroa Europan. Tu voz importa »
El Pi: « Que Europa es banyi » 		EAJ/PNV: "New force in Europe. Your voice matters"
CCa: "The power of our accent/language"
GBai: "Navarre in Europe. Your voice matters"
El Pi: "Let Europe take a risk"


Election debates

2024 European Parliament election debates in Spain
Date Organisers Moderator(s)     P  Present    S  Surrogate    NI  Not invited   I  Invited    A  Absent invitee 
PSOE PP Cs Vox Sumar Podemos AR Junts CEUS Audience Refs
18 May La Nueva España Borja Ruisánchez S
Fernández 		S
Solís 		NI NI NI NI NI NI NI —
22 May laSexta
(El Objetivo) 		Ana Pastor P
Ribera 		P
Montserrat 		NI NI NI NI NI NI NI 3.9%
(404,000)
27 May CRTVG Alberto Varela S
Casares 		S
Mon 		S
Nart 		NI S
Villoslada 		NI S
Miranda 		NI NI —
28 May EITB Odei Esnaola S
Lainez 		S
Iturgaiz 		NI NI S
Larrea 		S
Echeveste 		S
Barrena 		NI P
Agirregoitia
29 May El Comercio Eduardo Paneque S
Fernández 		S
Solís 		NI NI NI NI NI NI NI —
3 June Prisa Àngels Barceló
Carlos de Vega 		P
Ribera 		P
Montserrat 		P
Cañas 		P
Buxadé 		P
Galán 		P
Montero 		NI NI NI
3 June Cadena SER Eva Domaika S
Mendia 		S
Zarzalejos 		NI A S
Larrea 		S
Lapeña 		S
Barrena 		NI P
Agirregoitia
4 June CCMA Xavi Coral S
López 		S
Poptcheva 		P
Cañas 		S
Girauta 		S
Asens 		P
Montero 		P
Riba 		S
Sarri 		NI
4 June EITB Xabier Ormazabal S
Mendia 		S
Zarzalejos 		NI NI S
Larrea 		S
Serra 		S
Barrena 		NI P
Agirregoitia
4 June IB3 Sílvia Pol
Martina Ramis 		S
Homs 		S
Álvarez 		S
Torres 		S
de las Heras 		S
Martínez 		S
Pérez Díaz 		S
Weber 		S
Frau 		S
Prunés
6 June RTVE Xabier Fortes P
Ribera 		P
Montserrat 		P
Cañas 		P
Buxadé 		P
Galán 		P
Montero 		P
Riba 		S
Sarri 		P
Agirregoitia 		5.6%
(595,000)

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a European Parliament election taking place.

Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a European Parliament election taking place.

Preferred candidate

The table below lists opinion polling on candidate preferences.

Voter turnout

The table below shows registered vote turnout on election day without including voters from the Census of Absent-Residents (CERA).

Region Time
14:00 18:00 20:00
2019 2024 +/– 2019 2024 +/– 2019 2024 +/–
Andalusia 32.98% 26.04% −6.94 45.18% 35.10% −10.08 60.61% 45.29% −15.32
Aragon 36.75% 29.96% −6.79 51.27% 40.45% −10.82 67.31% 52.86% −14.45
Asturias 32.20% 27.95% −4.25 47.26% 40.73% −6.53 61.15% 50.91% −10.24
Balearic Islands 29.26% 22.80% −6.46 42.04% 30.20% −11.84 53.62% 39.08% −14.54
Basque Country 36.88% 29.31% −7.57 52.37% 40.59% −11.78 65.40% 50.89% −14.51
Canary Islands 24.61% 18.88% −5.73 40.03% 29.45% −10.58 56.00% 40.70% −15.30
Cantabria 37.29% 31.42% −5.87 55.08% 44.80% −10.28 67.93% 54.90% −13.03
Castile and León 36.08% 30.46% −5.62 52.51% 42.85% −9.66 69.33% 55.46% −13.87
Castilla–La Mancha 37.29% 29.38% −7.91 52.78% 39.86% −12.92 69.99% 51.36% −18.63
Catalonia 35.38% 24.75% −10.63 50.58% 33.69% −16.89 64.23% 43.53% −20.70
Extremadura 39.12% 28.12% −11.00 52.46% 36.81% −15.65 70.07% 48.31% −21.76
Galicia 32.92% 26.47% −6.45 50.21% 39.02% −11.19 65.34% 50.50% −14.84
La Rioja 38.36% 31.32% −7.04 53.48% 40.54% −12.94 68.85% 52.52% −16.33
Madrid 35.13% 31.98% −3.15 51.51% 44.66% −6.85 67.26% 56.31% −10.95
Murcia 35.40% 28.97% −6.43 48.39% 37.05% −11.34 62.56% 48.25% −14.31
Navarre 39.04% 30.76% −8.28 55.41% 41.30% −14.11 70.40% 52.76% −17.64
Valencian Community 38.47% 33.14% −5.33 51.48% 42.63% −8.85 64.33% 53.69% −10.64
Ceuta 24.51% 16.77% −7.74 40.65% 24.45% −16.20 55.22% 32.58% −22.64
Melilla 25.02% 16.15% −8.87 41.88% 23.96% −17.92 59.73% 33.16% −26.57
Total 34.75% 27.99% −6.76 49.45% 38.35% −11.10 64.30% 49.21% −15.18
Sources

Results

Overall

← Summary of the 9 June 2024 European Parliament election results in Spain →
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 5,996,627 34.21 +14.06 22 +9
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 5,290,945 30.19 −2.67 20 −1
Vox (Vox) 1,688,255 9.63 +3.42 6 +2
Republics Now (ERC–EH Bildu–BNG–Ara Més) 860,660 4.91 −0.67 3 ±0
Unite (Sumar)1 818,015 4.67 n/a 3 ±0
The Party is Over (Se Acabó La Fiesta) 803,545 4.58 New 3 +3
We Can (Podemos)1 578,007 3.30 n/a 2 −1
Together and Free for Europe (Junts UE)2 442,297 2.52 −2.02 1 −2
Coalition for a Solidary Europe (CEUS) 284,888 1.63 −1.19 1 ±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)3 135,691 0.77 −0.55 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 122,292 0.70 −11.48 0 −8
Workers' Front (FO) 66,039 0.38 New 0 ±0
The Forgotten Spain Exists–Municipalists–Fair World (Existe)4 40,292 0.23 +0.06 0 ±0
Spanish Left (IzqEsp) 32,766 0.19 New 0 ±0
Feminists to the Congress (PFAC) 29,236 0.17 New 0 ±0
European Justice (IE) 26,611 0.15 New 0 ±0
Andalusia Now (Andalucistas)5 22,965 0.13 +0.02 0 ±0
Volt Spain (Volt) 22,020 0.13 −0.01 0 ±0
Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 19,586 0.11 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 15,281 0.09 ±0.00 0 ±0
Pirates–Rebel Alliance–European Pirates (Pirates/Rebeldes) 14,484 0.08 +0.01 0 ±0
PCPE–PCPC Coalition (PCPE–PCPC)6 11,177 0.06 −0.07 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)7 9,677 0.06 +0.01 0 ±0
Spanish Food Sovereignty (SAE) 9,311 0.05 New 0 ±0
Believe in Europe (Cree en Europa)8 9,276 0.05 −0.01 0 ±0
Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 7,618 0.04 −0.18 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 6,550 0.04 ±0.00 0 ±0
Country and Rural Movement (PMR) 6,541 0.04 New 0 ±0
Salamanca–Zamora–León PREPAL (PREPAL) 6,456 0.04 New 0 ±0
Galician Party (GLG) 5,719 0.03 New 0 ±0
Future (F) 5,671 0.03 New 0 ±0
Together for Extremadura (JUEX) 5,611 0.03 New 0 ±0
Workers' Revolutionary Current (CRT) 5,165 0.03 New 0 ±0
Extremadurans (PREx–CREx) 3,509 0.02 −0.03 0 ±0
Blank ballots 124,655 0.71 −0.26
Total 17,527,438 61 +2
Valid votes 17,527,438 99.29 +0.15
Invalid votes 124,569 0.71 −0.15
Votes cast / turnout 17,652,007 46.39 −14.34
Abstentions 20,398,279 53.61 +14.34
Registered voters 38,050,286
Sources
Footnotes:
  • 1 Within the United We Can Change Europe and Commitment to Europe alliances in the 2019 election.
  • 2 Together and Free for Europe results are compared to Free for Europe totals in the 2019 election.
  • 3 Animalist Party with the Environment results are compared to Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals totals in the 2019 election.
  • 4 The Forgotten Spain Exists–Municipalists–Fair World results are to the combined totals of For a Fairer World and Centrists for Europe in the 2019 election.
  • 5 Andalusia Now results are compared to Andalusia by Herself totals in the 2019 election.
  • 6 PCPE–PCPC Coalition results are compared to Communists totals in the 2019 election.
  • 7 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO results are compared to FE de las JONS–Spanish Alternative–La Falange–National Democracy totals in the 2019 election.
  • 8 Believe in Europe results are compared to With You, We Are Democracy totals in the 2019 election.
Popular vote
PP
 
 34.21%
PSOE
 
 30.19%
Vox
 
 9.63%
Ahora Repúblicas
 
 4.91%
Sumar
 
 4.67%
SALF
 
 4.58%
Podemos
 
 3.30%
Junts UE
 
 2.52%
CEUS
 
 1.63%
Others
 
 3.65%
Blank ballots
 
 0.71%
Seats
PP
 
 36.07%
PSOE
 
 32.79%
Vox
 
 9.84%
Ahora Repúblicas
 
 4.92%
Sumar
 
 4.92%
SALF
 
 4.92%
Podemos
 
 3.28%
Junts UE
 
 1.64%
CEUS
 
 1.64%

Maps

Distribution by European group

Summary of political group distribution in the 10th European Parliament (2024–2029)
Groups Parties Seats Total %
European People's Party (EPP)
  • People's Party (PP)
 22 22 36.07
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D)
  • Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
 20 20 32.79
Patriots for Europe (PfE)
  • Vox (Vox)
 6 6 9.84
Greens–European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA)
  • Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)
  • Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)
  • Catalonia in Common (CatComú)
  • Més–Compromís (Més)
 1
1
1
1 		4 6.56
The Left in the European Parliament–GUE/NGL (The Left)
  • We Can (Podemos)
  • Unite Movement (SMR)
  • Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)
 2
1
1 		4 6.56
Renew Europe (RE)
  • Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)
 1 1 1.61
Non-Inscrits (NI)
  • The Party is Over (Se Acabó La Fiesta)
  • Together for Catalonia (Junts)
 3
1 		4 6.56
Total 61 61 100.00

Elected legislators

The following table lists the elected legislators:

Bibliography

  • Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5/1985). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 147. 19 June 1985 [version as of 2 February 2024]. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1985-11672. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
  • Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community (2007/C 306/01). Official Journal of the European Union. Vol. 50. 17 December 2007. ISSN 1725-2423. 12007L/TXT. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  • European Council Decision (EU) establishing the composition of the European Parliament (European Council Decision (EU) 2023/2061). Official Journal of the European Union. Vol. 66. 22 September 2023. ISSN 1725-2423. 32023D2061. Retrieved 11 November 2023.

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