The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 (also known as the Convention of London; Dutch: Verdrag van Londen) was signed by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands in London on 13 August 1814.
| Type | Bilateral treaty |
|---|---|
| Signed | 13 August 1814 |
| Signatories | |
| Full text | |
| Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 at Wikisource | |
The treaty restored most of the territories in the Moluccas and Java that Britain had seized in the Napoleonic Wars, but confirmed British possession of the Cape Colony on the southern tip of Africa, as well as portions of Dutch Guiana in South America. It was signed by Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, on behalf of the British and diplomat Hendrik Fagel, on behalf of the Dutch.
The British only left Java and Sumatra in 1821, at which point the Dutch soon became entangled in colonial wars in Java.
Terms
Possessions
The treaty returned the colonial possessions of the Dutch as they were at 1 January 1803, before the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, with the exception of the Cape of Good Hope and the South American settlements of Demerara, Essequibo, and Berbice, where the Dutch retained trading rights.
In addition, the British ceded the island of Banca off the island of Sumatra in exchange for the settlement of Cochin in India and its dependencies on the coast of Malabar. The Dutch also ceded the district of Bernagore, situated close to Calcutta, in exchange for an annual fee.
Cooperation
The treaty also noted a declaration of 15 June 1814 by the Dutch, slave ships were no longer permitted in British ports. That restriction would be extended to a ban on the involvement of Dutch subjects in the Atlantic slave trade. Britain also agreed to pay £1,000,000 to Sweden to resolve a claim to the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe.
The British and the Dutch agreed to spend £2,000,000 each on improving the defences of the Low Countries. More funds, of up to £3,000,000, are mentioned for the "final and satisfactory settlement of the Low Countries in union with Holland."
Disputes arising from the treaty were the subject of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824.
See also
- Anglo-Dutch Slave Trade Treaty
- Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
- Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870–1871
wikipedia, wiki, encyclopedia, book, library, article, read, free download, Information about Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814, What is Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814? What does Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 mean?