This is a table of the most widespread or notable anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems, intended in whole or part, to counter ballistic missiles. Since many systems have developed in stages or have many iterations or upgrades, only the most notable versions are described. Such systems are typically highly integrated with radar and guidance systems, so the emphasis is chiefly on system capability rather than the specific missile employed. For example, David's Sling is a system that employs the Stunner missile.
Legend for ABM system status in below table: Operational In development Inactive Unknown status
| System name | Country of origin | Period of use | Intercept | Role against | Weight | Warhead types | Range (max) | Ceiling (max) | Speed | Launcher | Cost/round (2024) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A-35M/A-350 (5V61R) | Soviet Union | 1978–1995 | Exo-atmospheric | ICBM | 32,700 kg | Nuclear 2-3 MT | 320–350 km | 120 km | Mach 4 | Fixed launcher | ||
| A-135 ABM (51T6 Gorgon) | Russia | 1995–2006 | Exo-atmospheric | MRBM, ICBM | 33,000–45,000 kg | Nuclear 10 KT | 350–900 km | Mach 7 | Silo | |||
| A-135 ABM (53T6 Gazelle) | Russia | 1995–present | Re-entry | MRBM, ICBM | 10,000 kg | Nuclear 10 KT | 80–100 km | 80–100 km | Mach 17 | Silo | ||
| A-235 Nudol | Russia | In development | Re-entry, terminal | ICBM, ASAT | Conventional | 150 km | 5–80 km (ASAT 700 km) | Mobile, silo | ||||
| S-300 (V/SA-12B/9M82M) | Russia | 1983–present | Terminal | MRBM, IRBM | 5800 kg | Blast | 40 km | 30 km | Mach 7.8+ | Mobile | $1,000,000 (48N6) | |
| S-400 (48N6DM Triumf, 40N6, 9M96E/E2) | Russia | 2007–present | Terminal | SRBM, IRBM | 1800–1900 kg | Blast | 80–250 km (48N6DM) 400 km (40N6), 120 km (9M96E/E2) | 30 km | Mach 5.9 | Mobile | ||
| S-500 | Russia | 2021–present | IRBM, MRBM, ICBM, ASAT | 600 km | 200 km | Mach 12 | Mobile | |||||
| Project 640-1 | China | 1966–1977 | Terminal | ICBM | Silo | |||||||
| HQ-9 | China | 2001–present | Terminal | SRBM, MRBM | 1300 kg | 250 km | 50 km | Mobile | ||||
| HQ-22 | China | 2019–present | Terminal | SRBM | Mobile | |||||||
| HQ-19 | China | 2018–present | Terminal, Mid-course | MRBM, IRBM, ICBM, ASAT | Kill Vehicle | 200 km | Mobile | |||||
| HQ-26 | China | In development | Mid-course | IRBM | Ship silo | |||||||
| HQ-29 | China | 2025–present | Mid-course | IRBM, ICBM, ASAT | Kill Vehicle | 500–1200 km | Mobile | |||||
| Dong Neng-3 | China | In development | Mid-course | ICBM, ASAT | Kill Vehicle | Mobile | ||||||
| Aster (30 1N, SAMP/T) | France Italy | 2011–present | Terminal | SRBM, MRBM | 450 kg | Blast | 150 km | 25 km | Mach 4.5 | Ship silo, mobile | $2,000,000 | |
| Prithvi ADV Phase I | India | Awaiting deployment? | Exo-atmospheric | MRBM, IRBM, ICBM, ASAT | Blast | 300–>1000 km | 50–180 km | Mach 5 | ||||
| AAD/Ashwin Phase I | India | Awaiting deloyment? | Terminal | MRBM, IRBM | 1200 kg | Kill vehicle | 200 km | 15–50 km | ||||
| AD-1 Phase II | India | In development | Endo-exo-atmospheric | MRBM, IRBM | 18,000 kg | |||||||
| AD-2 Phase II | India | In development | Terminal | IRBM | ||||||||
| David's Sling/Stunner | Israel | 2018–present | Terminal | SRBM, MRBM | Kill vehicle | 250 km | 15 km | Mach 7.5 | Mobile | $1,000,000 | ||
| Arrow 2 (Block 4) | Israel | 2012–present | Re-entry | MRBM, IRBM | 2800 kg | Blast | 90 km + | Exo-atmospheric | Mach 9 | Mobile | $3,500,000 | |
| Arrow 3 | Israel | 2017–present | Exo-atmospheric, ASAT | MRBM, IRBM | less than 1400 kg | Kill vehicle | 2400 km | 100 km | Mach 9+ | Silo | $2,000,000 | |
| KM-SAM (Block II) | Republic of Korea | (Block II with ABM capabilities) 2017–present | Terminal | SRBM | 400 kg | Kill Vehicle | 50 km | 20 km | Mach 4.5+ | Mobile | ||
| L-SAM (Block I) | Republic of Korea | In production | Exo-atmospheric | SRBM | Kill vehicle | 150 km | 40–60 km | Mach 9 | Mobile | |||
| Sky Bow III/Tien Kung III | Taiwan | 2014–present | Terminal | SRBM | 200 km | 45 km | Mach 7 | Mobile | ||||
| Strong Bow/Chiang Kung IV | Taiwan | Production 2025 | Exo-atmospheric | SRBM | Blast | 70 km | Mobile | |||||
| Violet Friend/Bloodhound Mk. III | United Kingdom | Canceled 1965 | Terminal | Nuclear low KT | 120 km | 9 km+ | Mobile | |||||
| Patriot (PAC-3) | United States | 2009–present | Terminal | SRBM, MRBM | 312 kg | Kill vehicle | 160 km | 24 km + | Mobile | $3,729,769 | ||
| THAAD | United States | 2008–present | Re-entry | SRBM, MRBM, IRBM | 900 kg | Kill vehicle | 200 km + | 150 km | Mach 8.2 | Mobile | $12,600,000 (2017) | |
| Aegis RIM-174 SM-6 ERAM | United States | 2009–present | Terminal | MRBM, IRBM | 1500 kg | Blast | 240–370 km | 33 km | Mach 3.5 | Ship silo | $3,901,818 (IA) | |
| Aegis RIM-161 SM-3 (IIA) | United States | 2014–present | Boost (naval), mid-course | MRBM, IRBM, ICBM, ASAT | 1500 kg | Kill vehicle | 1200 km | 900 – 1,050 km (depending on the type of target) | Mach 13.2 (IIA) | Ship and land silo | $27,915,625 (IIA), $9,698,617 (IB) | |
| Nike Zeus (B) | United States | Canceled 1963, ASAT role to 1964 | Re-entry | ICBM, ASAT | 10,300 kg | Nuclear 400 KT | 400 km | 280 km | Mach 4+ | Silo | ||
| Safeguard/Spartan | United States | 1975–76 | Exo atmospheric | ICBM | 13,100 kg | Nuclear 5 MT | 740 km | 560 km | Mach 3–4 | Silo | ||
| Safeguard/Sprint | United States | 1975–76 | Terminal | ICBM | 3,500 kg | Nuclear low KT | 40 km | 30 km | Mach 10+ | Silo | ||
| Sentry/Overlay | United States | 1977–83 (study) | Exo-atmospheric | ICBM | Exo-atmospheric | Silo | ||||||
| Sentry/LoAD | United States | 1977–83 (study) | Terminal | ICBM | Conventional or nuclear | 15 km | Silo | |||||
| Ground-Based Midcourse Defense/GBI | United States | 2010–present | Mid-course | ICBM | 21,600 kg | Kill vehicle | Silo | $70,000,000 | ||||
| Next Generation Interceptor | United States | In development | Mid-course | ICBM | Kill vehicle | Silo | $111,000,000 |
See also
- Missile defense systems by country
- Anti-ballistic missile defense countermeasure
Footnotes
- The original A-35 was introduced in 1972 with the A-350Zh missile. It was replaced by the A-350R in 1974, and then by A-350M in 1978.
- The S-300 requires specific missile models to be used in the ABM role. Most missiles are optimized for anti-aircraft use.
- The Arrow 1 (Hetz) never went into service, as it was quickly overtaken by the smaller Arrow 2.
- Patriot initially was solely an anti-aircraft missile. with no capability against ballistic missiles. The PAC-1 upgrade introduced this capability as a software upgrade. PAC-2 improved this capability, and the GEM+ upgrade introduced separate versions optimized for cruise missiles or ballistic missiles. PAC-3 is a new design, intended primarily for ABM use.
- SM-6 is a general-purpose weapon that can be used against ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, aircraft, and surface targets.
- SM-3 is a specialty weapon intended solely for ABM use .
- The U.S. ABM concepts proposed in the 1950s, 60s and 70s share a common genesis, with overlapping technologies and often confusingly similar names. Refer to the individual articles on these topics for fuller discussions of their histories and characteristics.
- The precursor programs to Safeguard (or follow-on to Nike-Zeus) were Nike-X and then the Sentinel programs. These projects incorporated most of the same systems and concepts, differing chiefly in scope of coverage and defensive philosophy. Nike-X emphasized close-range interception using small, fast missiles with low-yield neutron-enhanced weapons for the terminal defense component. These became Sprint. Sentinel resurrected Nike-Zeus, now named Spartan, alongside Sprint, using large x-ray-enhanced nuclear warheads for the Spartan exo-atmospheric component, allowing the system to operate with significantly loosened accuracy requirements due to the much greater kill radius of an x-ray-enhanced nuclear explosive outside the atmosphere compared to pure blast or neutron effects. After China demonstrated a nuclear capability in 1967, Nike-X became the Sentinel program, using both Spartan and Sprint, but in a scaled-back scope.
- Sprint was the principal component of Nike-X, and was combined with Spartan for Sentinel.
- LoAD used a Sprint-like missile.
- The GBI uses a three-stage booster based on the Minotaur-C launch vehicle, itself a derivative of the Peacekeeper/MX ICBM.
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