Comparison of retired orbital launch vehicles

Home Page | Comparison of retired orbital launch vehicles

Retired orbital launch vehicles have been instrumental in the history of space exploration, enabling the deployment of satellites, scientific instruments, and crewed missions. Representing decades of technological progress, these systems reflect the contributions of various nations, including the United States, Soviet Union, members of the European Space Agency (ESA), China, India, and Japan. The specifications, achievements, and legacy of these vehicles illustrate the foundations upon which modern space launch technologies have been built.

Retired rockets

Vehicle Origin Manufacturer Height Mass to ... (kg) Reuse Launches
(+ suborbital) 		Launch Sites Date of flight
LEO GTO Other First Last
Antares 110–130  United States Orbital 40.5-41.9 m 5,100 1,500 to SSO No 5 MARS 2013 2014
Antares 230 / 230+  United States Northrop Grumman 42.5 m 8,200 3,000 to SSO No 13 MARS 2016 2023
Ariane 1 Europe Aérospatiale 49.1 m 1,830 No 11 CSG 1979 1986
Ariane 2 Europe Aérospatiale 49.1 m 2,270 No 6 CSG 1986 1989
Ariane 3 Europe Aérospatiale 49.1 m 2,650 No 11 CSG 1984 1989
Ariane 4 40 Europe Aérospatiale 58.7 m 4,600 2,105 2,740 to SSO No 7 CSG 1990 1999
Ariane 4 42L Europe Aérospatiale 58.7 m 7,000 3,480 4,500 to SSO No 13 CSG 1993 2002
Ariane 4 42P Europe Aérospatiale 58.7 m 6,000 2,930 3,400 to SSO No 15 CSG 1990 2002
Ariane 4 44L Europe Aérospatiale 58.7 m 7,000 4,720 6,000 to SSO No 40 CSG 1989 2003
Ariane 4 44LP Europe Aérospatiale 58.7 m 7,000 4,220 5,000 to SSO No 26 CSG 1988 2001
Ariane 4 44P Europe Aérospatiale 58.7 m 6,500 3,465 4,100 to SSO No 15 CSG 1991 2001
Ariane 5 G Europe EADS Astrium 47.5 m 18,000 6,900 No 16 CSG 1996 2003
Ariane 5 G+ Europe EADS Astrium 47.8 m 7,100 No 3 CSG 2004 2004
Ariane 5 GS Europe EADS Astrium 47.8 m 16,000 6,600 No 6 CSG 2005 2009
Ariane 5 ES Europe EADS Astrium 50.7 m 21,000 8,000 No 8 CSG 2008 2018
Ariane 5 ECA Europe EADS Astrium 52.6 m 21,000 11,210 No 84 CSG 2002 2023
ASLV  India ISRO 23.5 m 150 No 4 SDSC 1987 1994
Athena I LLV-1  United States Lockheed Martin 18.4 m 500 No 1 VAFB 1995 1995
Athena I  United States Lockheed Martin 18.9 m 795 515 No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS,
KLC 		1997 2001
Athena II  United States Lockheed Martin 28.2 m 1,800 No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1998 1999
Atlas-Able  United States General Dynamics 28 m ~175 to TLI No 3 CCSFS 1959 1960
Atlas-Agena  United States Convair/General Dynamics 36 m 1,000 390 to TLI No 109 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1960 1978
Atlas-Centaur  United States Lockheed 36.2-38.8 m 1,134 2,222 No 148 CCSFS 1962 1983
Atlas B  United States Lockheed Martin 24.9 m ~4,000 No 10 CCSFS 1958 1959
Atlas-D OV1  United States Convair/General Dynamics 25.9 m 1,400 No 7 VAFB 1965 1967
Atlas E/F-Agena  United States Convair/General Dynamics/Lockheed 34 m 1,000 390 to TLI No 1 VAFB 1978 1978
Atlas E/F-Altair-3A  United States Convair/General Dynamics 27.3 m 210 No 1 VAFB 1990 1990
Atlas E/F-Burner-2  United States Convair/General Dynamics 28.9 m 950 No 1 VAFB 1972 1972
Atlas E/F-MSD  United States Convair/General Dynamics 27.3 m 800 No 4 VAFB 1976 1980
Atlas E/F-OIS  United States Convair/General Dynamics 28.7 m 870 No 2 VAFB 1979 1985
Atlas E/F-OV1  United States Convair/General Dynamics 26.5 m 363 No 4 VAFB 1968 1971
Atlas E/F-PTS  United States Convair/General Dynamics 26.5 m 295 No 1 VAFB 1974 1974
Atlas E/F-SGS-1  United States Convair/General Dynamics 29 m 450 No 8 VAFB 1977 1981
Atlas E/F-SGS-2  United States Convair/General Dynamics 29 m 770 No 4 VAFB 1983 1985
Atlas E/F-Star-17A  United States Convair/General Dynamics 27.4 m N/A 800 to MPEO No 1 VAFB 1975 1975
Atlas E/F-Star-37S  United States Convair/General Dynamics 29 m N/A 1,100 to SSO No 19 VAFB 1978 1995
Atlas-F Agena-D  United States Convair/General Dynamics 34 m N/A 2,300 to Polar No 1 VAFB 1978 1978
Atlas G  United States Lockheed 43.9 m 5,900 2,222 1,179 to HCO No 7 CCSFS 1984 1989
Atlas H MSD  United States Lockheed 27 m 3,630 No 5 VAFB 1983 1987
Atlas LV-3B  United States Convair 28.7 m 1,360 No 9 CCSFS 1960 1963
Atlas SLV-3  United States Convair 33.3 m No 63 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1966 1983
Atlas SLV-3 Burner-2  United States Convair 30.3 m ~1,000 No 1 VAFB 1968 1968
Atlas I  United States Lockheed Martin 43.9 m 5,900 2,340 No 11 CCSFS 1990 1997
Atlas II  United States Lockheed Martin 47.5 m 6,780 2,810 2,000 to HCO No 10 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1991 1998
Atlas IIA  United States Lockheed Martin 47.5 m 7,316 3,180 2,160 to HCO No 23 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1992 2002
Atlas IIAS  United States Lockheed Martin 49 m 8,618 3,833 2,680 to HCO No 30 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1993 2004
Atlas IIIA  United States Lockheed Martin 52.5 m 8,686 4,060 2,970 to HCO No 2 CCSFS 2000 2004
Atlas IIIB/DEC  United States Lockheed Martin 53.7 m 10,759 4,609 No 1 CCSFS 2002 2002
Atlas IIIB/SEC  United States Lockheed Martin 54.7 m 10,218 4,193 No 3 CCSFS 2003 2005
Atlas V 401  United States ULA 57.3 m 9,050 4,950 6,670 to SSO No 41 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2002 2022
Atlas V 411  United States ULA 58.2 m 9,050 6,075 8,495 to SSO No 6 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2006 2020
Atlas V 421  United States ULA 59.1 m 9,050 7,000 9,050 to SSO No 9 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2007 2022
Atlas V 431  United States ULA 59.1 m 9,050 7,800 9,050 to SSO No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2005 2016
Atlas V 501  United States ULA 62.5 m 8,250 3,970 5,945 to SSO
1,500 to GEO 		No 8 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2010 2023
Atlas V 511  United States ULA 62.5 m 11,000 5,250 7,820 to SSO

1,750 to GEO

No 1 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2022 2022
Atlas V 521  United States ULA 59.7 m 13,300 6,485 9,585 to SSO

2,760 to GEO

No 2 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2003 2004
Atlas V 531  United States ULA 59.7 m 15,300 7,425 11,160 to SSO

3,250 to GEO

No 5 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2010 2022
Atlas V 541  United States ULA 59.7 m 17,100 8,240 12,435 to SSO

3,730 to GEO

No 9 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2011 2022
Black Arrow  United Kingdom RAE 13 m 73 No 2 (+2) WRC 1969 1971
Blue Scout II  United States Vought 24 m 30 No 3 CCSFS 1961 1961
Ceres-1 (1)  China Galactic Energy 18.5 m 350 No 1 JSLC 2020 2020
Ceres-1 (2)  China Galactic Energy 19.5 m 400 No 1 JSLC 2021 2021
Commercial Titan III  United States Martin Marietta 47.3 m 13,100 No 4 CCSFS 1990 1992
Conestoga 1620  United States Space Services 15.2 m 1179 No 1 MARS 1995 1995
Diamant A  France SEREB 18.9 m 80 No 4 CIEES 1965 1967
Diamant B  France SEREB 23.5 m 115 No 5 CSG 1970 1973
Diamant BP4  France SEREB 21.6 m 153 No 3 CSG 1975 1975
Delta 0300  United States McDonnell Douglas 34 m 340 747 to SSO No 3 VAFB 1972 1973
Delta 0900  United States McDonnell Douglas 34 m 1,300 818 to SSO No 2 VAFB 1972 1972
Delta 1410  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 340 No 1 VAFB 1975 1975
Delta 1604  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 390 No 2 CCSFS 1972 1973
Delta 1900  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 1,800 No 1 VAFB 1973 1973
Delta 1910  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 1,066 No 1 CCSFS 1975 1975
Delta 1913  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 328 No 1 CCSFS 1973 1973
Delta 1914  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 680 No 2 CCSFS 1972 1973
Delta 2310  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 336 No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1974 1981
Delta 2313  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 243 to GEO No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1974 1977
Delta 2910  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 1,887 No 6 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1975 1978
Delta 2913  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 2,000 700 No 6 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1975 1976
Delta 2914  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 724 No 30 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1974 1979
Delta 3910  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 2,494 1,154 with PAM-D No 10 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1980 1988
Delta 3913  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 816 No 1 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1981 1981
Delta 3914  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 954 No 13 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1975 1987
Delta 3920  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 3,452 1,284 with PAM-D No 10 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1982 1989
Delta 3924  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 1,104 No 4 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1982 1984
Delta 4925  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 3,400 1,312 No 2 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1989 1990
Delta 5920  United States McDonnell Douglas 35.2 m 3,848 No 1 VAFB 1989 1989
Delta II 6920  United States McDonnell Douglas 38.8 m 3,983 No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1990 1992
Delta II 6925  United States McDonnell Douglas 39.4 m 1,447 1,447 No 14 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1989 1992
Delta II 7320  United States Boeing IDS / ULA 38.9 m 2,865 1,651 to SSO No 12 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1999 2015
Delta II 7326  United States Boeing IDS 38.4 m 934 636 to TLI

629 to HCO

No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1998 2001
Delta II 7420  United States ULA 39 m 3,185 1,966 to SSO No 14 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1998 2018
Delta II 7425  United States Boeing IDS 39 m 1,100 804 to HCO No 4 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1998 2002
Delta II 7426  United States Boeing IDS 39 m 1,058 734 to TLI

711 to HCO

No 1 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1999 1999
Delta II 7920  United States Boeing IDS / ULA 39.4 m 5,030 3,123 to SSO No 29 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1998 2017
Delta II 7925  United States Boeing IDS / ULA 39.4 m 1,819 1,177 to TLI

1,265 to HCO

No 69 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1990 2009
Delta II-H 7920H  United States Boeing IDS / ULA 39 m 6,097 No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2003 2011
Delta II-H 7925H  United States Boeing IDS / ULA 39.8 m 2,171 1,508 to HCO No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2003 2007
Delta III 8930  United States Boeing IDS 39 m 8,292 3,810 No 3 CCSFS 1998 2000
Delta IV Heavy  United States ULA 72 m 28,370 14,210 23,560 to polar

11,290 to TLI 8,000 to TMI

No 16 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2004 2024
Delta IV M  United States Boeing IDS 61.3 m 9,440 4,440 7,690 to polar No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2003 2006
Delta IV M+(4,2)  United States ULA 61.3 m 13,140 6,390 10,250 to polar No 14 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2002 2019
Delta IV M+(5,2)  United States ULA 65.5 m 11,470 5,490 9,600 to polar No 3 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2012 2018
Delta IV M+(5,4)  United States ULA 65.5 m 14,140 7,300 11,600 to polar No 8 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2009 2019
Dnepr  Ukraine Yuzhmash 34.3 m 3,700 No 22 Baikonur,
Yasny 		1999 2015
Energia  Soviet Union NPO Energia 58.8 m 105,000 20,000 to GEO

32,000 to TLI

No 1 (failed to orbit) Baikonur 1987 1987
Energia-Buran  Soviet Union NPO Energia

NPO Molniya

58.8 m 30,000 Yes 1 Baikonur 1988 1988
Epsilon  Japan IHI 24.4 m 1,200 N/A 450 to SSO No 1 KSC 2013 2022
Epsilon (enhanced)  Japan IHI 26 m 1,500 N/A 590 to SSO No 6 KSC
Europa I Europe ELDO 31.7 m 1,440 200 No 3 WRC 1968 1970
Europa II Europe ELDO 31.7 m 360 No 1 CSG 1971 1971
Falcon 1  United States SpaceX 21 m 470 No 5 Omelek 2006 2009
Falcon 9 v1.0  United States SpaceX 54.9 m 9,000 3,400 No 5 CCSFS 2010 2013
Falcon 9 v1.1  United States SpaceX 68.4 m 13,150 4,850 No 15 VAFB,
CCSFS 		2013 2016
Falcon 9 Full Thrust  United States SpaceX 70.8 m 17,400 5,500 9,600 to polar Yes 36 VAFB,
CCSFS,
KSC 		2015 2018
22,800 8,300 No
Feng Bao 1  China Shanghai Bureau No.2 33 m 2,500 No 8 (+3) JSLC 1972 1981
GSLV Mk.I(a)  India ISRO 49.1 m 5,000 1,540 No 1 SDSC 2001 2001
GSLV Mk.I(b)  India ISRO 49.1 m 5,000 2,150 No 4 SDSC 2003 2007
GSLV Mk.I(c)  India ISRO 49.1 m 5,000 No 1 SDSC 2010 2010
H-I  Japan

 United States

Mitsubishi 42 m 1,400 No 9 TNSC 1986 1992
H-II / IIS  Japan Mitsubishi 49 m 10,060 4,000 No 7 TNSC 1994 1999
H-IIA 202  Japan Mitsubishi 53 m 10,000 4,000 5,100 to SSO No 35 TNSC 2001 2025
H-IIA 204  Japan Mitsubishi 53 m 15,000 5,950: 48  No 5 TNSC 2006 2021
H-IIA 2022  Japan Mitsubishi 53 m 4,500 No 3 TNSC 2005 2007
H-IIA 2024  Japan Mitsubishi 57 m 11,000 5,000 No 7 TNSC 2002 2008
H-IIB  Japan Mitsubishi 56.6 m 16,500 (ISS) 8,000 No 8 TNSC 2009 2020
Hyperbola-1 (1)  China i-Space 20.9 m 260 No 1 JSLC 2019 2019
Juno I  United States Chrysler 21.2 m 11 No 1 CCSFS 1958 1959
Juno II  United States Chrysler 24 m 41 6 to TLI No 10 CCSFS 1958 1961
Kaituozhe-1  China CALT 13.6 m 40 No 2 JSLC 2002 2003
Kaituozhe-2  China CASC 16.8 m 800 No 1 JSLC 2017 2017
Kosmos  Soviet Union NPO Polyot 29.6 m 350 No 38 Kapustin Yar 1961 1967
Kosmos-1  Soviet Union NPO Polyot 26.3 m 1,400 No 8 Baikonur 1964 1965
Kosmos-2  Soviet Union NPO Polyot 31 m 300 No 127 Kapustin Yar,
Plesetsk 		1965 1977
Kosmos-3  Soviet Union NPO Polyot 32.4 m 1,400 No 6 Baikonur 1966 1968
Kosmos-3M  Soviet Union

 Russia

NPO Polyot 32.4 m 1,500 No 445 Kapustin Yar,
Plesetsk 		1967 2010
Kosmos-3MRB  Soviet Union NPO Polyot 32.4 m 1,500 No 10 Kapustin Yar 1980 1988
Lambda 4S  Japan Nissan Motors 16.5 m 26 No 5 KSC 1966 1970
LauncherOne  United States Virgin Orbit 21.3 m 500 300 to SSO No 6 Mojave,
Cornwall 		2020 2023
Long March 1  China CALT 29.9 m 300 No 2 JSLC 1970 1971
Long March 1D  China CALT 28.2 m 740 No 0 (+3) TSLC 1995 2002
Long March 2A  China CALT 32 m 2,000 No 4 JSLC 1974 1978
Long March 2E  China CALT 49.7 m 9,200 No 7 XSLC 1990 1995
Long March 3  China CALT 43.3 m 5,000 No 13 XSLC 1984 2000
Long March 3B  China CALT 54.8 m 11,200 5,100 5,700 to SSO No 12 XSLC 1996 2012
Long March 4A  China CALT 41.9 m 4,000 No 2 TSLC 1988 1990
M-V  Japan Nissan Motors (1997–2000)

IHI Aerospace (2000–2006)

30.8 m 1,850 No 7 KSC 1997 2006
Molniya  Soviet Union RSC Energia 43.4 m 1,800 No 40 Baikonur,
Plesetsk 		1960 1967
Molniya-M  Soviet Union

 Russia

RSC Energia 43.4 m 2,400 No 280 Baikonur,
Plesetsk 		1965 2010
Mu-4S  Japan Nissan Motors 23.6 m 180 No 4 KSC 1971 1972
Mu-3C  Japan Nissan Motors 20.3 m 195 No 4 KSC 1974 1979
Mu-3H  Japan Nissan Motors 23.8 m 300 No 3 KSC 1977 1978
Mu-3S  Japan Nissan Motors 23.8 m 300 No 4 KSC 1980 1984
Mu-3SII  Japan Nissan Motors 27.8 m 770 No 8 KSC 1985 1995
N1  Soviet Union NPO Energia 105.3 m 95,000 No 4 Baikonur 1969 1972
N-I  Japan

 United States

Mitsubishi 34 m 1,200 No 7 TNSC 1975 1982
N-II  Japan

 United States

Mitsubishi 35 m 2,000 No 8 TNSC 1981 1987
Naro-1  South Korea

 Russia

KARI Khrunichev 33 m 100 No 3 Naro 2009 2013
OS-M1  China OneSpace 19 m 205 143 to SSO No 1 JSLC 2019 2019
Paektusan-1 North Korea KCST 25.8 m 20 No 1 Tonghae 1998 1998
Pegasus  United States Northrop Grumman 15.4 m 455 No 6 Edwards,
CCSFS 		1990 1994
Pegasus H  United States Northrop Grumman 15.4 m 544 No 4 VAFB,
CCSFS,
Kwajalein Atoll 		1995 2000
Pilot II  United States United States Navy 4.4 m N/A 1.05 to MEO No 10 Point Mugu 1958 1958
Polyot  Soviet Union RSC Energia 30 m 1,400 No 2 Baikonur 1963 1964
Proton (UR-500)  Soviet Union Khrunichev 39.8 m 12,200 No 4 Baikonur 1965 1966
Proton-K  Soviet Union

 Russia

Khrunichev 50 m 19,760 4,930 No 311 Baikonur 1965 2012
PSLV-G  India ISRO 44 m 3,200 1,050 1,600 to SSO No 12 SDSC 1993 2016
Rocket 3.0  United States Astra 11.6 m 100 No 1 KLC 2020 2020
Rocket 3.1  United States Astra 11.6 m 100 No 1 KLC 2020 2020
Rocket 3.2  United States Astra 11.6 m 100 No 1 KLC 2020 2020
Rocket 3.3  United States Astra 13.1 m 100 150 to SSO No 5 CCSFS,
KLC 		2021 2022
Rokot-K  Russia Khrunichev 25.5 m No 4 Baikonur,
Plesetsk 		1990 1999
Rokot-KM  Russia Khrunichev 29.1 m 1,950 1,200 to SSO No 31 Plesetsk 2000 2019
RS1 B1  United States ABL Space Systems 27 m 1,350 400 975 to SSO

750 to MEO

No 1 KLC 2023 2023
Safir-1  Iran Iranian Space Agency 22.6 m 27 No 2 Semnan 2008 2009
Safir-1A  Iran Iranian Space Agency 22.6 m 15 No 1 Semnan 2011 2011
Safir-1B  Iran Iranian Space Agency 22.6 m 50 No 1 Semnan 2012 2012
Safir-1B+  Iran Iranian Space Agency 22.6 m 52 No 5 Semnan 2012 2019
Saturn I  United States Chrysler (S-I)

Douglas (S-IV)

50-57.4 m 9,000 No 10 CCSFS 1961 1965
Saturn IB  United States Chrysler (S-IB)

Douglas (S-IVB)

56.1-68.1 m 18,600 No 9 CCSFS,
KSC 		1966 1975
Saturn V  United States Boeing (S-IC)

North American (S-II) Douglas (S-IVB)

110.6 m 140,000 47,000 to TLI No 13 KSC 1967 1973
Scout X-1  United States Vought 21.8 m 59 No 4 WFF 1960 1961
Scout X-2  United States Vought 21.8 m 76 No 1 VAFB,
WFF 		1962 1962
Scout X-2M  United States Vought 21.8 m 76 No 3 VAFB 1962 1963
Scout X-2B  United States Vought 21.8 m 76 No 1 VAFB 1963 1963
Scout X-3  United States Vought 21.8 m 87 No 5 VAFB,
WFF 		1962 1964
Scout X-3M  United States Vought 21.8 m 87 No 1 VAFB 1963 1963
Scout X-4  United States Vought 22.8 m 103 No 11 VAFB,
WFF 		1963 1965
Scout A  United States NASA 22.8 m 110 No 11 VAFB 1965 1970
Scout A-1  United States NASA 22.8 m 122 No 1 VAFB 1973 1973
Scout B  United States NASA 22.8 m 110 No 20 BSC,
VAFB,
WFF 		1965 1971
Scout B-1  United States NASA 22.8 m 143 No 5 BSC,
VAFB,
WFF 		1971 1976
Scout D-1  United States NASA 22.9 m 182 No 14 BSC,
VAFB,
WFF 		1972 1979
Scout E-1  United States NASA 22.8 m 193 No 1 VAFB 1974 1974
Scout F-1  United States NASA 22.9 m 192 No 2 BSC,
VAFB 		1975 1975
Scout G-1  United States NASA 22.9 m 208 No 18 BSC,
VAFB,
WFF 		1979 1994
Shavit Israel IAI 17.7 m 160 No 2 Palmachim 1988 1990
Shavit-1 Israel IAI 19.7 m 225 No 4 Palmachim 1995 2004
Shtil-1  Russia Makeyev 14.8 m 280–420 No 2 Novomoskovsk,
Ekaterinburg 		1998 2006
SLV-3  India ISRO 22 m 40 No 4 SDSC 1979 1983
Soyuz  Soviet Union RSC Energia 45.6 m 6,450 No 31 Baikonur 1966 1976
Soyuz-FG  Russia TsSKB-Progress 49.5 m 6,900 No 70 Baikonur 2001 2019
Soyuz-L  Soviet Union RSC Energia 50 m 5,500 No 3 Baikonur 1970 1971
Soyuz-M  Soviet Union RSC Energia 50 m 6,600 No 8 Baikonur 1971 1976
Soyuz ST-A  Russia

Europe

TsSKB-Progress

Arianespace

46.3 m 7,800 from Kourou 2,810 with Fregat No 9 CSG 2011 2021
Soyuz ST-B  Russia

Europe

TsSKB-Progress

Arianespace

46.3 m 9,000 from Kourou 3,250 with Fregat 4,400 to SSO No 18 CSG 2011 2022
Soyuz-U  Soviet Union

 Russia

TsSKB-Progress 51.1 m 6,650 from Baikonour

6,150 from Plesetsk

No 786 Baikonur,
Plesetsk 		1973 2017
Soyuz-U2  Soviet Union

 Russia

TsSKB-Progress 34.5 m 7,050 No 72 Baikonur 1982 1995
Space Shuttle  United States ATK (SRBs)

Martin Marietta (External tank) Rockwell (Orbiter)

56.1 m 24,400
  • 4,944 with IUS
  • 1,200 with PAM-D
 3,550 to escape with IUS Yes 135 KSC 1981 2011
SPARK  United States UHAerojet RocketdyneSandia 17 m 300 No 1 Barking Sands 2015 2015
Sparta  United States ABMA/Chrysler 21.8 m 45 No 10 WRC 1966 1967
Sputnik 8K71PS  Soviet Union RSC Energia 30 m 500 No 2 Baikonur 1957 1957
Sputnik 8A91  Soviet Union RSC Energia 31.1 m 1,327 No 2 Baikonur 1958 1958
SS-520  Japan IHI Aerospace 9.5 m 4 No 2 KSC 2017 2018
Start-1  Russia MITT 22.7 m 532 250 to SSO No 5 Svobodny,
Plesetsk 		1993 2006
Start-1.2  Russia MITT 22.7 m 250-300 to SSO No 1 Svobodny 1997 1997
Start  Russia MITT 28.9 m 300 to SSO No 1 Plesetsk 1995 1995
Strela  Russia Khrunichev 24-

27.4 m

1,400 No 3 Baikonur 2003 2014
Taurus-1110  United States Orbital

Sciences, Orbital ATK

28.2 m 1180 370 750 to SSO No 3 VAFB 1994 2000
Taurus-2110  United States Orbital

Sciences, Orbital ATK

29.1 m 1250 375 900 to SSO No 2 VAFB 1999 2001
Taurus-2210  United States Orbital

Sciences, Orbital ATK

30.9 m 1050 700 to SSO No 1 VAFB 1998 1998
Taurus-3110  United States Orbital

Sciences, Orbital ATK

30.1 m 1450 445 1,050 to SSO No 2 VAFB 2009 2011
Taurus-3210  United States Northrop Grumman 27.9 m 1,458 N/A 1,054 to SSO No 1 VAFB 2004 2004
Terran 1  United States Relativity Space 35.2 m 1,250 900 to SSO No 1 CCSFS 2023 2023
Thor-Able I  United States Douglas/Aerojet 26.9 m 250 No 3 CCSFS 1958 1958
Thor-Able II  United States Douglas/Aerojet 27.3 m 270 No 4 CCSFS 1959 1960
Thor-Able III  United States Douglas/Aerojet 27.4 m ~64 to HEO No 1 CCSFS 1959 1959
Thor-Able IV  United States Douglas/Aerojet 27.2 m ~43 to Heliocentric No 1 CCSFS 1960 1960
Thor Agena-A  United States Douglas/Lockheed 22.7 m 860 No 16 VAFB 1959 1960
Thor Agena-B  United States Douglas/Lockheed 26.3 m 1,200 No 21 VAFB 1962 1965
Thor Agena-D  United States Douglas/Lockheed 29.3 m 1,150 No 22 VAFB 1962 1967
Thorad SLV-2G Agena D  United States Douglas/Lockheed 32.9 m 2,000 No 30 VAFB 1966 1971
Thorad SLV-2H Agena D  United States Douglas/Lockheed 34 m 2,000 No 13 VAFB 1969 1972
Thor-Burner-1 MG-18  United States Douglas 23 m 770 150-300 to MEO No 2 VAFB 1965 1965
Thor-Burner-1 Altair-3  United States Douglas ~24 m >73 No 4 VAFB 1965 1966
Thor-Burner-2  United States Douglas 22.4 m 250 to MEO No 12 VAFB 1966 1971
Thor-Burner-2A  United States Douglas 23.5 m 300 to MEO No 8 VAFB 1971 1976
Thor-Delta  United States Douglas 31 m 226 45 No 12 CCSFS 1960 1962
Thor-Delta A  United States Douglas 31 m 250 68 No 2 CCSFS 1962 1962
Thor-Delta B  United States Douglas 31 m 370 68 No 9 CCSFS 1962 1964
Thor-Delta C  United States Douglas 27.5 m 81 No 11 CCSFS 1963 1967
Thor-Delta C1  United States Douglas 27.5 m 81 No 2 CCSFS 1966 1969
Thor-Delta D  United States Douglas 32 m 450 104 No 2 CCSFS 1964 1965
Thor-Delta E  United States Douglas 31 m 540 150 No 6 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1965 1967
Thor-Delta E1  United States Douglas 28 m 540 205 No 17 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1966 1971
Thor-Delta G  United States Douglas 30 m 650 No 2 CCSFS 1966 1967
Thor-Delta J  United States Douglas 31 m 260 263 No 1 VAFB 1968 1968
Thor-Delta L  United States Douglas 35 m 356 300 No 2 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1969 1972
Thor-Delta M  United States Douglas 34 m 356 355 No 12 CCSFS 1968 1971
Thor-Delta M6  United States Douglas 32.4 m 454 450 No 1 CCSFS 1971 1971
Thor-Delta N  United States Douglas 33 m 900 No 6 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1968 1972
Thor-Delta N6  United States Douglas 33 m 1,600 No 3 VAFB 1970 1971
Thor-DM21 Able-Star  United States Douglas/Aerojet 29 m 150 No 11 CCSFS 1960 1962
Thor-DSV2A Able-Star  United States Douglas/Aerojet 29 m 150 No 8 VAFB 1963 1965
Thor-ISS  United States Douglas/Thiokol 23 m 500 to MEO No 5 VAFB 1976 1980
Thor-SLV2A Agena-B  United States Douglas/Lockheed 31 m 400 No 2 VAFB 1963 1966
Thor-SLV2A Agena-D  United States Douglas/Lockheed 29.3 m 1,500 No 60 VAFB 1963 1968
Titan II GLV  United States Martin Marietta 33 m 3,600 No 11 (+1) CCSFS 1964 1966
Titan II(23)G  United States Martin Marietta 31.4 m 3,600 No 13 VAFB 1988 2003
Titan IIIA  United States Martin Marietta 38.5 m 3,500 No 4 CCSFS 1964 1965
Titan IIIB  United States Martin Marietta 42 m 3,300 No 22 VAFB 1966 1969
Titan III(23)B  United States Martin Marietta 42 m 3,350 No 9 VAFB 1969 1971
Titan III(33)B  United States Martin Marietta 42 m N/A 4,500 No 3 VAFB 1971 1973
Titan III(24)B  United States Martin Marietta 44 m 4,500 No 23 VAFB 1971 1984
Titan III(34)B  United States Martin Marietta 45.3 m N/A No 11 VAFB 1975 1987
Titan IIIC  United States Martin Marietta 41 m 11,500 3,000 No 14 CCSFS 1965 1970
Titan III(23)C  United States Martin Marietta 42.5 m 13,100 3,000 No 22 CCSFS 1970 1982
Titan IIID  United States Martin Marietta 36 m 12,300 No 22 VAFB 1971 1982
Titan IIIE  United States Martin Marietta 48.8 m 15,400 No 7 CCSFS 1974 1977
Titan 34D  United States Martin Marietta 44.5 m 14,350 3,600 No 15 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1982 1989
Titan IVA  United States Martin Marietta 51.36 m(standard) 17,110 4,944 with IUS 14,090 to SSO

4,536 to GSO with Centaur

3,550 to escape with IUS

No 22 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1989 1998
Titan IVB  United States Lockheed Martin 51.36 m(standard) 21,682 5,761

(9,000 with upper stage)

No 17 VAFB,
CCSFS 		1997 2005
Tysklon-2

(R-36-O)

 Soviet Union Yuzhmash 32 m 3,350 No 18 Baikonur 1965 1971
Tsyklon-2A  Soviet Union Yuzhmash 39.7 m 3,350 No 8 Baikonur 1967 1969
Tsyklon-2M  Soviet Union

 Ukraine

Yuzhmash 39.7 m 2,820 No 106 Baikonur 1969 2006
Tsyklon-3  Soviet Union

 Ukraine

Yuzhmash 39.3 m 1,920 No 122 Plesetsk 1977 2009
Unha-2 North Korea KCST 29.5 m 80 No 1 Tonghae 2009 2009
Unha-3  North Korea KCST 30 m 110 No 4 Sohae 2009 2016
Vanguard  United States Martin 22.1 m 9 No 10 (+1) CCSFS 1957 1959
Vanguard SLV-7  United States Martin 21.6 m 20 No 1 CCSFS 1959 1959
VLS-1  Brazil AEB, IAE 19.5 m 380 No 2 CEA 1997 2003
Vega Europe Italy ArianeGroupAvio 31 m 2,300 N/A 1,450 to SSO 1,500 to polar Expendable 22 CSG 2012 2024
Volna-O  Russia Makeyev 14.2 m 100 No 1 (+5) Borisoglebsk 1995 2005
Voskhod  Soviet Union RSC Energia 44.1 m 5,680 No 299 Baikonur,
Plesetsk 		1963 1976
Vostok-L (Luna)  Soviet Union RSC Energia 30.8 m 4,000 400 to TLI No 9 Baikonur 1958 1960
Vostok (Korabl)  Soviet Union RSC Energia 38.4 m 4,550 390 to TLI No 4 Baikonur 1960 1960
Vostok-K  Soviet Union RSC Energia 30.8 m 2,460 No 16 Baikonur 1960 1964
Vostok-2  Soviet Union RSC Energia 30.8 m 4,730 No 45 Baikonur,
Plesetsk 		1962 1967
Vostok-2M  Soviet Union RSC Energia 38.8 m 1,300 No 93 Baikonur,
Plesetsk 		1964 1991
Soyuz/Vostok  Soviet Union RSC Energia 31 m 6,000 No 2 Baikonur 1965 1966
Zenit-2  Soviet Union

 Ukraine

Yuzhnoye 57 m 13,740 No 36 Baikonur 1985 2004
Zenit-2FG  Ukraine Yuzhnoye 57 m No 1 Baikonur 2011 2011
Zenit-2M  Ukraine Yuzhnoye 57 m 13,920 No 1 Baikonur 2007 2007
Zenit-3F  Ukraine Yuzhnoye 59.6 m 1,740 to GEO No 4 Baikonur 2011 2017
Zenit-3SL  Ukraine Yuzhmash

RSC Energia

59.6 m 7,000 6,160 No 36 Ocean Odyssey 1999 2014
Zenit-3SLB  Ukraine Yuzhmash

RSC Energia

59.5 m 3,750 No 6 Baikonur 2008 2013
Zhuque-1  China LandSpace 19 m 300 200 to SSO No 1 JSLC 2018 2018

See also

  • Launch vehicle
  • Orbital spaceflight
  • Space exploration

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