These individuals may or may not claim titles associated with an abolished monarchy. Individuals who stake claims to monarchical titles but who are not part of former dynasties are not included. Note that a country may have multiple houses with a claim to the defunct position.
Africa
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burundi | Rosa Paula Iribagiza | 1 May 1977 | Ntwero | Daughter of Mwami Mwambutsa IV (1915–1966). | Hereditary | 1966 | |
| Central African Empire | Jean-Bédel Bokassa Jr. (Bokassa II) | 3 November 1996 | Bokassa | Heir apparent and son of Emperor Bokassa I (1976–1979). | 1979 | ||
| Egypt | Fuad II | 18 June 1953 | Muhammad Ali | Last reigning King (1952–1953). | 1953 | ||
| Ethiopia | Zera Yacob Amha Selassie | 7 February 1997 | Solomon | Grandson of Emperor Haile Selassie I (1930–1974). | Hereditary | 1975 | |
| Girma Yohannes Iyasu | 1977 | Grandson of Emperor Iyasu V (1913–1916). | |||||
| Libya | Muhammad bin Hasan | 18 June 1992 | Senussi | Grandnephew of King Idris I (1951–1969). | Hereditary | 1969 | |
| Rwanda | Emmanuel Bushayija (Yuhi VI) | 9 January 2017 | Abanyiginya | Nephew of Mwami Kigeli V Ndahindurwa (1959–1961). | Hereditary and Elective | 1961 | |
| Zanzibar | Ali bin Jamshid Al Said | 30 December 2024 | Al Bu Sa'id | Son of Sultan Jamshid bin Abdullah (1963–1964). | Hereditary | 1964 |
Americas
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | Bertrand | 15 July 2022 | Orléans-Braganza | Great-great-grandson of Emperor Pedro II (1831–1889). | Hereditary | 1889 | |
| Pedro Carlos | 27 December 2007 | ||||||
| Mexico | Maximilian | November 1949 | (Götzen-) Iturbide | Great-great-great-grandson of Emperor Agustín I (1822–1823). | 1867 | ||
| Carlos Felipe | 6 September 2011 | Habsburg-Lorraine | Great-great-grandnephew of Emperor Maximilian I (1864–1867) |
Asia
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Muhammad Zahir Khan | 4 June 2024 | Barakzai | Grandson of King Zahir Shah (1933–1973). | Hereditary | 1973 | |
| Burma | Soe Win | 12 January 2019 | Konbaung | Great-grandson of Thibaw Min (1878–1885) | 1885 | ||
| Champasak | Keo Champhonesak | 17 March 1980 | Khun Lo | Grandson of last ruling King Ratsadanay (1900–1904) | 1904 | ||
| China | Jin Yuzhang | 10 April 2015 | Aisin Gioro | Great-great-grandson of the Daoguang Emperor (1820–1850) Nephew of the Xuantong Emperor (1908–1912; 1932–1945) | 1912 (Qing dynasty) 1945 (Manchukuo) | ||
| Iran (Pahlavi) | Reza | 27 July 1980 | Pahlavi | Heir apparent and son of Shah Mohammad Rezā (1941–1979). | 1979 | ||
| Iran (Qajar) | Mohammad Hassan Mirza II | 5 May 1988 | Qajar | Great-grandson of Shah Mohammad Ali (1907–1909). | 1925 | ||
| Iraq | Ra'ad bin Zeid | 18 October 1970 | Hāshim | Relative of King Faisal II (1939–1958). | 1958 | ||
| Johor (Singapore) | Tengku Muhammad Shawal | 27 March 2009 | Bendahara | 4th-great-grandson of Sultan Hussein Shah (1819–1835). | 1824 | ||
| Korea | Yi Won | 16 July 2005 | Yi | Great-grandson of Emperor Gojong (1897–1907). Grandnephew of Emperor Sunjong (1907–1910). | 1910 | ||
| Andrew Lee | Between 9 December 2021 and 17 January 2022 | Declared successor by Yi Seok, who is a grandson of Emperor Gojong (1897–1907) and nephew of Emperor Sunjong (1907–1910). | |||||
| Laos | Soulivong Savang | 19 September 1997 | Khun Lo | Grandson of King Sisavang Vatthana (1959–1975). | 1975 | ||
| Ottoman Empire | Harun Osman Osmanoğlu | 18 January 2021 | Osman | Great-grandson of Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909). | 1922 | ||
| Ryūkyū | Mamoru Shō | 30 August 1996 | Shō | Great-great-grandson of King Shō Tai (1848–1879). | 1879 | ||
| Sarawak | Jason Desmond Anthony Brooke | 27 May 2017 | Brooke | Great-grandnephew of Rajah Vyner (1917–1946). | 1946 | ||
| Sulu | Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram | 16 February 1986 | Kiram | Son of Sultan Mohammed Mahakuttah Abdullah Kiram (1974–1986). | 1915 | ||
| Syria | Ra'ad bin Zeid | 18 October 1970 | Hāshim | Half-nephew of King Faisal I (1920). | 1920 | ||
| Vietnam | Bao Ngoc | 15 March 2017 | Nguyen Phuc | Eldest son of Emperor Duy Tân (1907–1916) | 1945 | ||
| Yemen | Ageel bin Muhammad | 6 August 1996 | Rassid | Eldest son of King Muhammad al-Badr (1962). | 1962 |
India and Pakistan
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alipura | Manvendra Singh | Parihar | Grandson of last ruling Rao Bahadur Raja Raghuraj Singh | Hereditary | 1950 | ||
| Alwar | Jitendra Singh | 15 February 2009 | Kachhwaha | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Tej Singh Prabhakar | 1949 | ||
| Amb | Salahuddin Saeed Khan Tanoli | Tanoli | Grandson of last ruling Nawab Muhammad Farid Khan | 1969 | |||
| Bahawalpur | Nawab Salahuddin Abbasi | 14 April 1988 | Abbasi | Grandson of last ruling Nawab Sadeq Mohammad Khan V | 1955 | ||
| Balasinor | Salauddinkhan Babi | 25 January 2018 | Babi | Son of last ruling Nawab Muhammad Salabat Khan | 1949 | ||
| Bamra | Nitesh Ganga Deb | 1997 | Grandson of last ruling Raja Bhanuganga Tribhuban Deb | 1948 | |||
| Baramba | Tribikram Chandra Deb Birabara Mangaraj Mahapatra | 1979 | Grandson of last ruling Raja Narayan Chandra Birabara Mangaraj Mohapatra | ||||
| Baria | Tushar Singh | 14 February 2015 | Grandson of last ruling Maharawal Jaydeep Singh | ||||
| Baroda | Samarjitsinh Gaekwad | 2012 | Gaekwad | Great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad | 1949 | ||
| Barwani | Manvendra Singh | 2007 | Sisodia | Son of last ruling Maharana Devi Singh | 1948 | ||
| Bastar | Kamal Chandra Bhanj Deo | 1996 | Bhanj | Grand nephew of last ruling Maharaja Pravir Chandra Bhanj Deo | |||
| Benares | Anant Narayan Singh | 25 December 2000 | Narayan | Son of last ruling Maharaja Vibhuti Narayan Singh | |||
| Bengal and Murshidabad | Abbas Ali Meerza | 13 August 2014 | Najafi | Nephew of Nawab Waris Ali Mirza | 1884 | ||
| Bharatpur | Vishvendra Singh | July 1995 | Sinsiniwar Jat | Son of last ruling Maharaja Brijendra Singh | 1947 | ||
| Bhavnagar | Vijayrajsinhji Virbhadrasinhji Gohil | 26 July 1994 | Gohil | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Rao Krishna Kumarsinhji Bhavsinhji | 1948 | ||
| Bundi | Vanshvardhan Singh | 2 April 2022 | Hada Chauhan | ||||
| Burdwan | Saday Chand Mehtab | 1984 | Son of last ruling Maharaja Uday Chand Mahtab | 1947 | |||
| Bushahr | Vikramaditya Singh | 10 July 2021 | Son of last ruling Raja Virbhadra Singh | 1948 | |||
| Carnatic Sultanate | Muhammed Abdul Ali | 4 July 1993 | Son of Prince Ghulam Mohammed Abdul Khader of Arcot | 1855 | |||
| Chamba | Prem Singh | 21 May 1971 | Mosana | Son of last ruling Raja Lakshman Singh | 1948 | ||
| Charkhari | Jayant Singh | 1977 | Bundela | Son of last ruling Maharaja Jayendra Singh | 1947 | ||
| Chhatarpur | Kunwar Vikram Singh | 2006 | Parmar | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Bhavani Singh Bahadur | 1950 | ||
| Chhota Udaipur | Jai Pratap Sinhji | 2005 | Chauhan | Son of last ruling Maharawal Virendrasinhji | 1948 | ||
| Chitral | Fateh-ul-Mulk Ali Nasir | 20 October 2011 | Katur | Son of last ruling Mehtar Muhammad Saif ul-Mulk Nasir | 1969 | ||
| Chuda | Krishnakumarsinhji | 1999 | Jhala | Son of last ruling Thakore Shri Dharmendrasinhji | 1948 | ||
| Danta | Riddhiraj Singh | 16 July 2023 | Parmar | Great-Grandson of last ruling Maharana Bhavanisinhji | |||
| Datia | Arunaditya Singh Judeo | April 2020 | Bundela | Great-great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Govind Singh Judeo | 1950 | ||
| Dewas Senior | Vikram Singh Rao II Puar | 19 June 2015 | Puar | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Krishnajirao III | 1948 | ||
| Dhenkanal | Kamakhya Prasad Singh Deo | August 1965 | Son of last ruling Raja Shankar Pratap Singh Dev | ||||
| Dholpur | Dushyant Singh | 2015 | Bamraulia | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Udaybhanu Singh | 1949 | ||
| Dhrangadhra | Sodhsalji Mayurdhwajsinhji | 1 August 2010 | Jhala | Son of last ruling Maharaja Meghrajji III | 1948 | ||
| Dhrol | Padmarajsinhji | Jadeja | Great-great-grandson of Thakore Saheb Shri Harisinhji Jaisinhji (1886-1914) | ||||
| Dungarpur | Harshvardhan Singh | 19 August 2023 | Sisodia | Grandson of last ruling Maharawal Laxman Singh | 1947 | ||
| Faridkot | Amarinder Singh Brar | 2017 | Brar | Grand-nephew of last ruling Maharaja Harinder Singh Brar | 1948 | ||
| Gondal | Himanshusinhji | 31 January 2022 | Jadeja | Great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Thakur Sahib Bhojrajji Bhagwatsimhji | 1949 | ||
| Gwalior | Jyotiraditya Scindia | 2001 | Scindia | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Jivajirao Scindia | 1948 | ||
| Hunza | Ghazanfar Ali Khan | 18 March 1976 | Son of last ruling Mir Muhammad Jamal Khan | 1974 | |||
| Hyderabad | Azmet Jah | 14 January 2023 | Asaf Jah | Great-grandson of last Nizam Osman Ali Khan | 1948 | ||
| Raunaq Yar Khan | 2 March 2023 | Great-grandson of Nizam Sir Mir Mahboob Ali Khan, the VIth Nizam of Hyderabad. Democratically elected by the largest faction of the extended Asaf Jahi family, represented by the Majlis-E-Sahebzadagan Society (MESS). | |||||
| Idar | Rajendra Singh | 1992 | Rathore | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Himmat Singh | |||
| Indore | Usha Devi Holkar | 1961 | Holkar | Daughter of last ruling Maharaja Yashwant Rao Holkar II | |||
| Jaipur | Padmanabh Singh | 2011 | Kachwaha | Great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Man Singh II | |||
| Jaisalmer | Chaitanya Raj Singh | 28 December 2020 | Bhati | Great-great-grandson of last ruling Maharawal Jawahir Singh | 1947 | ||
| Jammu and Kashmir | Karan Singh | April 1961 | Dogra | Son of last ruling Maharaja Hari Singh | 1952 | ||
| Janjira | Shah Mahmud Khan | 1 April 1972 | Siddi | Son of last ruling Nawab Sidi Muhammad Khan | 1948 | ||
| Jasdan | Satyajitkumar Khachar | 1989 | Grandson of last ruling Darbar Saheb Shri Ala Khachar | ||||
| Jashpur | Ranvijay Singh Judev | 4 October 1982 | Chauhan | Grandson of last ruling Raja Vijay Bushan Singh Judeo | |||
| Jhabua | Narendra Singh | 2002 | Rathore | Grandson of last ruling Raja Dilip Singh | |||
| Jhalawar | Chandrajit Singh | 24 April 2004 | Jhala | Grandson of last ruling Maharaj Rana Harisch Chandra Singh | 1949 | ||
| Jind | Satbir Singh | 7 September 1959 | Phulkian | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Ranbir Singh | 1948 | ||
| Jodhpur | Gaj Singh | 26 January 1952 | Rathore | Son of last ruling Maharaja Hanwant Singh | 1947 | ||
| Junagadh | Mohammad Ali Murtaza Khanji | 20 July 2023 | Babi | Great-Grandson of last ruling Nawab Muhammad Mahabat Khan III | 1948 | ||
| Kalahandi | Anant Pratap Deo | 2 September 2019 | Nagvanshis | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Pratap Keshari Deo | |||
| Kalat | Suleman Daud | 1998 | Ahmadzai | Grandson of last ruling Khan Mir Ahmad Yar Khan | |||
| Kangra-Lambagraon | Aishwarya Chand Katoch | 30 December 2021 | Katoch | 1947 | |||
| Kapurthala | Sukhjit Singh | 1955 | Ahluwalia | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Jagatjit Singh | |||
| Karauli | Krishan Chandra Pal | 1984 | Jadon | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Ganeshapal | 1949 | ||
| Keonjhar | Dhananjay Bhanj Deo | 1 December 2019 | Bhanj | Grand-nephew of last ruling Raja Balabhadra Narayana Bhanja Deo | 1948 | ||
| Khairpur | George Ali Murad Khan | 10 November 1954 | Talpur | Last ruling Mir | 1955 | ||
| Khilchipur | Priyavrat Singh | 31 July 2006 | Chauhan | Grandson of last ruling Raja Yashodar Singh | 1948 | ||
| Kishangarh | Brajraj Singh | 16 February 1971 | Rathore | Son of last ruling Maharaja Sumar Singh | 1947 | ||
| Kolhapur | Shahu II | 1983 | Bhonsle | Son of last ruling Maharaja Shahaji II | 1949 | ||
| Kota | Ijyaraj Singh | 29 January 2022 | Chauhan | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Bhim Singh II | 1948 | ||
| Kutch | Hanvantsinhji | 28 May 2021 | Jadeja | Son of last ruling Maharaja Madansinhji | |||
| Kutlehar | Budhishwar Pal | 4 August 2014 | Son of last ruling Raja Sahib Sri Mahendrapal | 1947 | |||
| Lakhtar | Balbhadrasinhji | 1970 | Jhala | Son of last ruling Thakore Saheb Shri Indrasinhji | |||
| Las Bela | Jam Kamal Khan | 3 February 2013 | Grandson of last ruling Jam Ghulam Qadir Khan | 1955 | |||
| Limbdi | Jaideepsinhji | 25 January 2020 | Jhala | Son of last ruling Thakore Saheb Shri Chhatarsalji | 1947 | ||
| Loharu | Ala-uddin Ahmad Khan II | 12 June 1983 | Son of last ruling Nawab Amin ud-din Ahmad Khan | 1947 | |||
| Maihar | Akshayraj Singh | Kachhwaha | 1948 | ||||
| Manipur | Leishemba Sanajaoba | 1996 | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Bodhchandra Singh | 1949 | |||
| Mayurbhanj | Praveen Chandra Bhanj Deo | 15 September 2000 | Bhanj | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Pratap Chandra Bhanj Deo | |||
| Mewar | Lakshyaraj Singh | 2 April 2025 | Sisodia | Grandson of last Maharana Bhupal Singh | 1948 | ||
| Vishvaraj Singh | 25 November 2024 | ||||||
| Muli | Jitendrasinhji | Parmar | Grandson of last ruling Thakore Saheb Shri Harischandrasinhji | 1950 | |||
| Mysore | Yaduveer Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar | 28 May 2015 | Wadiyar | Great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar | 1948 | ||
| Nagar | Qasim Ali Khan | 2011 | Maghlot | Grandson of last ruling Mir Shaukat Ali Khan | 1974 | ||
| Narsinghgarh | Rajyavardhan Singh | 24 January 2019 | Parmar | Son of titular Maharaja Bhanu Prakash Singh | 1948 | ||
| Nawanagar | Shatrusalyasinhji | 3 February 1966 | Jadeja | Son of last ruling Maharaja Digvijaysinhji | |||
| Nilgiri | Jayant Chandra Mardaraj Harichandan | 30 May 2001 | Bhanj | ||||
| Oudh | Sahibzada Shahanshah Mirza | 28 January 2022 | Awadh | Great-Great-Grandson of Wajid Ali Shah | 1859 | ||
| Panna | Chhatrasal II | 29 January 2023 | Bundela | Great-great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Yadvendra Singh Judeo | 1950 | ||
| Pataudi / Bhopal | Saif Ali Khan | 22 September 2011 | Pataudi | Grandson of last ruling Nawab Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi | 1948 | ||
| Patialia | Amarinder Singh | June 1974 | Phulkian | Son of last Maharaja Yadavindra Singh | |||
| Patna | Kanak Vardhan Singh Deo | 2004 | Chauhan | Grandson of last ruling Maharaja Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo | |||
| Phaltan | Ramraje Pratapsinh | 2004 | Naik Nimbalkar | Grandson of last ruling Raja Shrimant Sir Malojirao Naik-Nimbalkar | |||
| Pratapgarh | Jai Singh Sisodia | 29 November 2017 | Sisodia | Grandson of last ruling Maharawat Ram Singh Sisodia | 1949 | ||
| Pudukkottai | R. Rajagopala Tondaiman | 16 January 1997 | Tondaiman | Nephew of last ruling Raja Rajagopala Tondaiman | 1948 | ||
| Puri/Khurda Kingdom | Dibyasingha Deba | 7 July 1970 | Bhoi | Grandson of last colonial-era Gajapati Maharaja Ramchandra Deva IV | 1947 | ||
| Raghogarh | Digvijaya Singh | 1967 | Son of last ruling Raja Balbhadra Singh | 1947 | |||
| Rajkot | Mandhatasinhji Jadeja | 27 September 2018 | Jadeja | Grandson of last ruling Thakore Saheb Pradyumansinhji Lakhajirajsinhji | 1948 | ||
| Rajpipla | Raghubir Singh | 2 February 1963 | Gohil | Grandson of last ruling Maharana Vijaysinhji | 1948 | ||
| Rampur | Muhammad Kazim Ali Khan | 5 April 1992 | Rohilla | Grandson of last ruling Nawab Raza Ali Khan | 1947 | ||
| Rewa | Pushparaj Singh | 20 November 1995 | Baghel | Son of last ruling Maharaja Martand Singh | |||
| Sachin | Mohomad Reza Khan | Siddi | Descendant of last ruling Nawab Sidi Mohammad Haydar Khan | 1948 | |||
| Sailana | Vikram Singh | 1990 | Rathore | Grandson of last ruling Raja Dileep Singh | |||
| Sangli | Vijay Singh Madhavrao Patwardhan | 9 March 1965 | Sangli | Son of last ruling raja Chintamanrao Dhundirao Patwardhan | 1948 | ||
| Santrampur | Paranjay Aditya Sinhji | 1991 | Parmar | Son of Maharana Krishna Kumar Sinhji | 1950 | ||
| Sikkim | Wangchuk Namgyal | 29 January 1982 | Namgyel | Son of Chogyal Palden Thondup Namgyal (1963–1975). | 1975 | ||
| Sirmur | Lakshyaraj Prakash | May 2013 | Prakash | Great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Rajendra Prakash | 1948 | ||
| Sirohi | Raghuveer Singh | 1998 | Chauhan | 1949 | |||
| Surguja | T. S. Singh Deo | 2001 | Raksel | Great-grandson of last ruling Maharaja Ramanuj Saran Singh Deo | 1948 | ||
| Talcher | Rajendra Chandra Deb | Kachhwaha | |||||
| Tehri Garhwal | Manujendra Shah Sahib Bahadur | 7 January 2007 | Parmar | Son of last ruling Maharaja Manabendra Shah | 1949 | ||
| Thanjavur | Babaji Rajah Bhonsle Chattrapathi | 1985 | Bhonsle | 6th generation descendant of Raja Serfoji II (1787–1832) | 1855 | ||
| Tigiria | Bir Pratap Singh Deo | 1 December 2015 | Son of last ruling Raja Brajraj Mahapatra | 1948 | |||
| Tonk | Aftab Ali Khan | 4 September 1994 | Salarzai | 1949 | |||
| Travancore | Moolam Thirunal Rama Varma | 16 December 2013 | Venad Swaroopam | Nephew of last ruling Maharaja Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma | 1949 | ||
| Tripura | Pradyot Bikram Manikya Deb Barma | 28 November 2006 | Manikya | Son of last ruling Maharaja Kirit Bikram Kishore Deb Barman | |||
| Wadhwan | Chaitanya Dev Sinhji | Jhala | Grandson of last ruling Thakur Sahib Joravar Sinhji | 1948 | |||
| Wankaner | Kesridevsinh Jhala | 4 April 2021 | Great-grandson of last ruling Maharana Raj Sahib Amarsinhji Banesinhji | 1947 |
Nepal
Nepal's numerous small monarchies were collectively abolished by the federal government on 7 October 2008. At the time, the thrones of both Salyan and Jajarkot had been vacant since the deaths of Rajas Gopendra Bahadur and Prakash Bikram respectively (both in 2003), and have remained vacant.
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nepal | Gyanendra | 28 May 2008 | Shah | Last reigning Maharajdhiraja (2001–2008). | Hereditary | 2008 | |
| Bajhang | Vinod Bahadur | 7 October 2008 | Last reigning Raja (1989–2008). | Hereditary | |||
| Mustang | Jigme Singe Palbar Bista | 16 December 2016 | Lo | Son of last ruling King Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista | Hereditary |
South Yemen
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qu'aiti | Ghalib II | 17 September 1967 | al-Qu'aiti | Last ruling Sultan (1966–1967) | Hereditary | 1967 |
Thailand
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiang Mai | Wongsak Na Chiangmai | 1989 | Thipphachak | Grandson of Kaew Nawarat (1910–1939), the last King of Lan Na and Prince Ruler of Chiang Mai | Hereditary | 1939 | |
| Lamphun | Watthanan Na Lamphun | 21 February 1995 | Grandson of last Prince Ruler Chakkham Khachonsak (1911–1943) | 1943 |
Europe
Source
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achaea | Constantine | 2017 | Zaccaria de Damalà | 14th and 13th-great-grandson of the last two Princes of Achaea, Centurione II Zaccaria (1404 – 1432) and John Asen Zaccaria (1453 – 1454). | Hereditary | 1432/1454 | |
| Albania | Leka | 30 November 2011 | Zogu | Grandson of King Zog I (1928–1939). | 1939 de facto 1944 de jure | ||
| Austria-Hungary (more) | Karl | 4 July 2011 | Habsburg-Lorraine | Grandson of Emperor and King Charles I & IV (1916–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Bulgaria | Simeon II | 15 September 1946 | Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry | Last reigning Tsar (1943–1946). | 1946 | ||
| France (Legitimist) | Louis Alphonse | 30 January 1989 | Bourbon | 9th-great-grandson of King Louis XIV (1643–1715). | 1830 | ||
| France (Orléanist-Unionist) | Jean | 21 January 2019 | Orléans | 4th-great-grandson of King Louis Philippe I (1830–1848). | 1848 | ||
| France (Bonapartist) | Charles | 3 May 1997 | Bonaparte | Great-great-grandnephew of Emperor Napoleon I (1804–1814, 1815). | 1870 | ||
| Jean-Christophe | Great-great-great-grandnephew of Emperor Napoleon I (1804-1814, 1815). | ||||||
| Georgia | David | 16 January 2008 | Mukhrani | 13th-great-grandson of King Constantine II (1478–1505). | 1801 | ||
| Ana | 1 March 2025 | Gruzinsky | 4th-great-granddaughter of King George XII (1798–1800). | ||||
| Greece | Pavlos | 10 January 2023 | De Grèce | Son and heir apparent of King Constantine II (1964–1973). | 1973 | ||
| Lithuania | Inigo | 9 February 1991 | Urach | Grandson of King Mindaugas II (1918). | 1918 | ||
| Montenegro | Nicholas | 24 March 1986 | Petrović-Njegoš | Great-grandson of King Nicholas I (1910–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Portugal | Duarte Pio | 24 December 1976 | Braganza | Great-grandson of King Miguel I (1828–1834). | 1910 | ||
| Romania | Margareta | 5 December 2017 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | Daughter of King Michael I (1927–1930 and 1940–1947). | 1947 | ||
| Paul-Philippe | 27 January 2006 | Grandson of King Carol II (1930–1940). | |||||
| Russia | Maria Vladimirovna | 21 April 1992 | Romanov | Great-great-granddaughter of Emperor Alexander II (1855–1881). Recognised by Russian Orthodox Church. | 1917 | ||
| Nicholas Kirillovich | 1 June 2013 | Great-great-great-grandson of Emperor Alexander II (1855–1881). | |||||
| Alexis Andreevich | 28 November 2021 | Great-great-great-grandson of Emperor Nicholas I (1825–1855). | |||||
| Serbia | Alexander | 3 November 1970 | Karađorđević | Great-grandson of King Peter I (1903–1918) | 1918 | ||
| Yugoslavia | Son and heir apparent of King Peter II (1934–1945) | 1945 |
Germany
Source
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Abolition | Ref(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Empire | |||||||
| / Brandenburg-Prussia/Germany | Georg Friedrich | 26 September 1994 | Hohenzollern | Great-great-grandson of Kaiser Wilhelm II (1888–1918). | Hereditary | 1918 | |
| Kingdoms | |||||||
| Bavaria | Franz | 8 July 1996 | Wittelsbach | Great-grandson of King Ludwig III (1913–1918). Also heir to the Jacobite succession. | Hereditary | 1918 | |
| Hanover | Ernst August | 9 December 1987 | Hanover | Great-great-grandson of King Georg V (1851–1866). | 1866 | ||
| Saxony | Daniel | 29 March 2022 | Wettin | Great-great-grandson of King Frederick Augustus III (1904–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Alexander | 23 July 2012 | Great-grandson of King Frederick Augustus III (1904–1918). | |||||
| Württemberg | Wilhelm | 7 June 2022 | Württemberg | Relative of King William II (1891–1918). Descendant of Duke Frederick II Eugene (1795–1797). | 1918 | ||
| Grand Duchies | |||||||
| Baden | Bernhard | 29 December 2022 | Zähringen | Great-great-great-grandson of Grand Duke Leopold I (1830–1852). | Hereditary | 1918 | |
| Hesse and by Rhine | Donatus | 23 May 2013 | Hesse | Relative of Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig (1892–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Borwin | 26 January 1996 | Mecklenburg | Great-great-great-grandson of Grand Duke Georg (1816–1860). | 1918 | ||
| Oldenburg | Christian | 20 September 2014 | Holstein-Gottorp | Great-grandson of Grand Duke Frederick Augustus II (1900–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | Michael | 14 October 1988 | Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | Grandson of Grand Duke William Ernest (1901–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Duchies | |||||||
| Anhalt | Eduard | 9 October 1963 | Ascania | Son of Duke Joachim Ernst (1918). | Hereditary | 1918 | |
| Brunswick | Ernst August | 9 December 1987 | Hanover | Grandson of Duke Ernst August (1913–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Saxe-Coburg-Gotha | Hubertus | 3 April 2025 | Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Great-grandson of Duke Charles Edward (1900–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Saxe-Meiningen | Konrad | 4 October 1984 | Saxe-Meiningen | Great-grandson of Duke Georg II (1866–1914). | 1918 | ||
| Schleswig-Holstein | Friedrich Ferdinand | 27 September 2023 | Glücksburg | Great-great-great-grandnephew of Duke Christian IX (1863–1864). | 1866 | ||
| Principalities | |||||||
| Hohenzollern | Karl Friedrich | 16 September 2010 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | Great-great-grandson of Prince Karl Anton (1848–1849). | Hereditary | 1850 | |
| Lippe | Stephan | 20 August 2015 | Lippe | Grandson of Prince Leopold IV (1905–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Friedrich Wilhelm | 15 June 1990 | Grandnephew of Prince Leopold IV (1905–1918). | |||||
| Reuss | Heinrich XIV | 20 June 2012 | Reuss | Relative of Prince Heinrich XXVII (1913–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Schaumburg-Lippe | Alexander | 28 August 2003 | Lippe | Grandnephew of Prince Adolf II (1911–1918). | 1918 | ||
| Waldeck and Pyrmont | Carl-Anton | 16 December 2024 | Waldeck | Great-grandson of Prince Friedrich (1893–1918). | 1918 | ||
Italy
Source
Until the mid-nineteenth century, the Italian peninsula comprised a number of states, some of which were monarchies. During the Italian unification, the monarchs of such agglomerated states lost their sovereignty and their titles became purely ceremonial. The resultant throne of the Kingdom of Italy was held by the former king of Sardinia.
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Succession | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| / Piedmont–Sardinia/Italy | Aimone | 1 June 2021 | Savoy | Great-great-great-grandson of King Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878). | Hereditary | 1946 | |
| Emanuele Filiberto | 3 February 2024 | Grandson of King Umberto II (1946). | |||||
| Pre-unification | |||||||
| Modena | Lorenzo | 7 February 1996 | Austria-Este | Great-grandnephew of Franz Ferdinand, adopted heir of Duke Francis V (1846–1859). | Hereditary | 1859 | |
| Parma | Carlos | 18 August 2010 | Bourbon-Parma | Great-grandson of Duke Robert I (1854–1859). Also one of the contested heirs to the Carlist succession. | 1859 | ||
| /Tuscany | Sigismondo | 18 June 1993 | Habsburg-Lorraine | Great-great-grandson of Grand Duke Ferdinand IV (1859). | 1859 | ||
| Ottaviano | 2001 | Medici (di Ottajano) | Descendant of the Neapolitan Medici Princes of Ottajano, declared heirs of Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Electress Palatine (1667–1743), last direct dynast of the main, Tuscan branch of the Medici family. | 1737 | |||
| /Two Sicilies | Joachim | 26 November 1944 | Murat | 4th-great-grandson of King Joachim-Napoleon (1808–1815). | 1815 | ||
| Pedro | 5 October 2015 | Bourbon-Two Sicilies | Great-great-great-grandson of King Ferdinand II (1830–1859). | 1861 | |||
| Carlo | 20 March 2008 | ||||||
Oceania
| State | Head | Since | House | Claim | Abolition | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hawaiʻi | Quentin Kawānanakoa | 29 July 1997 | Kawānanakoa | Great-grandson of David Kawānanakoa, heir apparent of Queen Liliʻuokalani (1891–1893). | 1895 | |
| Owana Salazar | 19 September 1988 | Laʻanui | 5th-great-granddaughter of Kalokuokamaile, half-brother of King Kamehameha I (1795–1819). | |||
| Tahiti | Léopold Pōmare | Pōmare | Descendant of Queen Pōmare IV (1827–1877). | 1880 | ||
| Teriʻihinoiatua Joinville Hinoiariki Pōmare XI | 19 April 2023 | Adopted member of the Pōmare family. | 1880 |
See also
- Abolition of monarchy
- List of current non-sovereign monarchs
- List of last scions
- List of usurpers
- Monarchism
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