Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly

The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir. At present, it consists of 95 members, directly elected from 95 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly
13th Jammu and Kashmir Assembly
Type
Type
Unicameral
Term limits
5 years
History
Founded1957 by Monarchy Commission, Presidential Commission.
Preceded byJammu and Kashmir Constituent Assembly
Leadership
Manoj Sinha
since 7 August 2020
Speaker
Abdul Rahim Rather, JKNC
since 4 November 2024
Deputy Speaker
Vacant
Chief Minister
(Leader of the House)
Omar Abdullah, JKNC
since 16 October 2024
Deputy Leader of the House
(Deputy Chief Minister)
Surinder Kumar Choudhary, JKNC
since 16 October 2024
Leader of the Opposition
Sunil Kumar Sharma, BJP
since 3 November 2024
Deputy Leaders of the Opposition
Surjeet Singh Slathia, BJP
Pawan Kumar Gupta, BJP
since 2 June 2025
Chief Whip
Mubarak Gul
Structure
Seats90+5 (5 nominated by LG)
Political groups
Government (52)
  •   JKNC (41)
  •   INC (6)
  •   CPI(M) (1)
  •   IND (4)

Official Opposition (29)

  •   BJP (29)

Other Opposition (9)

  •   JKPDP (4)
  •   IND (2)
  •   AAP (1)
  •   JKPC (1)
  •   AIP (1)
Elections
Voting system
First past the post
Last election
18 September 2024 to 1 October 2024
Next election
September-October 2029
Meeting place
Legislative Assembly, Srinagar (Summer session)
Legislative Assembly, Jammu (Winter session)
Website
jkla.neva.gov.in

Prior to 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature with a legislative assembly (lower house) and a legislative council (upper house). The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, passed by the Parliament of India in August 2019, replaced this with a unicameral legislature while also re-organising the state into a union territory. The current 13th assembly was elected in September and October 2024.

History

Praja Sabha

The first legislature of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, called the Praja Sabha, was established by the government of the Maharaja Hari Singh in 1934. It had 33 elected seats, 30 nominated members and 12 ex-officio members.

The first election in 1934 saw the Liberal Group headed by Pandit Ram Chander Dubey emerge as the largest party and the Muslim Conference as the second largest (with 14 seats). Further elections were held in 1938 and 1947.

In 1939, the Muslim Conference party renamed itself to National Conference under the leadership of Sheikh Abdullah and opened its membership to people of all religions. It launched a Quit Kashmir movement in 1946 and boycotted the 1947 election.

Post-accession

After the accession of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir to the Union of India in 1947, the Maharaja ceded powers to a popular government headed by Sheikh Abdullah. Elections for a constituent assembly were held in 1951, in which Abdullah's National Conference won all 75 seats.

In 1957, a new constitution was adopted by the constituent assembly, which established a bicameral legislature consisting of an upper house, the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council and a lower house, the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly. Wali Mohammad Itoo of the National Conference was speaker of the assembly between 7 July 1983 and 31 July 1984.

Union Territory (with legislation)

In 2019, Article 370 of the Constitution of India, which gave special status to Jammu and Kashmir, was abrogated and Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act was passed to reconstitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir into union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh with effect from 31 October 2019. The union territory of Jammu and Kashmir has a unicameral Legislative Assembly. The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council was formally abolished on 31 October 2019.

In March 2020, a three-member Delimitation Commission was formed, chaired by retired Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai, for the delimitation of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The commission published its interim report in February 2022. The final delimitation report was released on 5 May 2022 and it came into force from 20 May 2022.

The first elections to the reconstituted assembly with 90 elected seats were held in September 2024.

Composition

Initial Composition

The Legislative Assembly was initially composed of 100 members, later increased to 111 by the then Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir (Twentieth Amendment) Act of 1988. Of these, 24 seats were designated for the territorial constituencies of the state that came under Pakistani control in 1947. These seats remained officially vacant as per section 48 of the then state constitution and now also in The Constitution of India. These seats were not taken into account for reckoning the total membership of the assembly, especially for deciding quorum and voting majorities for legislation and government formation. Hence the total contestable and filled seats of the assembly were 87 seats. The Kashmir Valley region had 46 seats, the Jammu region had 37 seats, and Ladakh region had 4 seats.

State Reorganisation and Delimitation

Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act was passed to reconstitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir into union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. In March 2020, Delimitation Commission was formed for the delimitation of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir prior to the 2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election. The delimitation report added additional 6 seats to the Jammu division and 1 seat to Kashmir division. After delimitation, the total seats in the assembly rose to a total of 119 seats with 114 elected seats, out of which 24 seats are designated for areas that fall under Pakistan-administered Kashmir and 5 seats are to be nominated by the Lt. Governor of UT. Out of the remaining 90 seats, 43 seats are in Jammu division and 47 seats are in the Kashmir division. With this, hindu majority Jammu with a population of 53 lakh (43% of the total population of 1.22 crore) will have 47% seats, while muslim majority Kashmir which has a population of 68 lakh (56%) will have 52% of the seats.

Reservation for SC/STs

The parliament passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill 2023 which provides for reservation of 7 seats for the Scheduled Castes and 9 seats for the Scheduled Tribes.

Provisions for Nominated Members

Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 provides for nomination of 2 members to the Legislative Assembly by the Lieutenant Governor if women are not adequately represented in the house. Following amendment to the Act in 2023, the Lieutenant Governor may also nominate two representatives of Kashmiri migrant families (one seat reserved for woman) and one member to represent the migrants from Pakistan-administered Kashmir, presently making the total number of nominated members maximum five.

Tenure and functions

Members of the Legislative Assembly were elected for a six-year term up to 2019 and five-year term thereafter. The seats are filled by direct election from single member constituencies using the first past the post method. The assembly may be dissolved before the completion of the full term by the Lieutenant Governor upon the advice of the Chief Minister. The Lieutenant Governor may also convene special sessions of the legislative assembly.

Membership by party

The membership of the 13th Jammu and Kashmir Assembly by party is as follows:

Party MLAs Leader
JKNC 41 Omar Abdullah
BJP 29 Sunil Kumar Sharma
INC 6 Ghulam Ahmad Mir
JKPDP 4 Waheed Para
JKPC 1 Sajjad Gani Lone
AIP 1 Khursheed Ahmed Sheikh
CPI(M) 1 Mohammed Yousuf Tarigami
AAP 1 Mehraj Malik
IND 6
Total 90

Members

Office bearers

Source:

Office Holder Since
Speaker Abdul Rahim Rather 4 November 2024
Leader of the House
(Chief Minister)
Omar Abdullah 16 October 2024
Deputy Chief Minister
(Deputy Leader of the House)
Surinder Kumar Choudhary 16 October 2024
Leader of the Opposition Sunil Kumar Sharma 3 November 2024
Secretary Manoj Kumar Pandit 31 October 2022

Members of Legislative Assembly (MLA)

The membership of the assembly is as follows:

District Constituency Name Party Remarks
No. Name
Kupwara 1 Karnah Javaid Ahmad Mirchal JKNC
2 Trehgam Saifullah Mir JKNC
3 Kupwara Mir Mohammad Fayaz JKPDP
4 Lolab Qaysar Jamshaid Lone JKNC
5 Handwara Sajad Gani Lone JKPC
6 Langate Khursheed Ahmed Sheikh AIP
Baramulla 7 Sopore Irshad Rasool Kar JKNC
8 Rafiabad Javid Ahmad Dar JKNC Cabinet Minister
9 Uri Sajjad Safi JKNC
10 Baramulla Javid Hassan Baig JKNC
11 Gulmarg Pirzada Farooq Ahmed Shah JKNC
12 Wagoora–Kreeri Irfan Hafiz Lone INC
13 Pattan Javaid Riyaz JKNC
Bandipora 14 Sonawari Hilal Akbar Lone JKNC
15 Bandipora Nizam Uddin Bhat INC
16 Gurez (ST) Nazir Ahmed Khan JKNC
Ganderbal 17 Kangan (ST) Mian Mehar Ali JKNC
18 Ganderbal Omar Abdullah JKNC Chief Minister
Srinagar 19 Hazratbal Salman Sagar JKNC
20 Khanyar Ali Mohammad Sagar JKNC
21 Habba Kadal Shamim Firdous JKNC
22 Lal Chowk Sheikh Ahsan Ahmed JKNC
23 Chanapora Mushtaq Guroo JKNC
24 Zadibal Tanvir Sadiq JKNC
25 Eidgah Mubarik Gul JKNC
26 Central Shalteng Tariq Hameed Karra INC
Budgam 27 Budgam Omar Abdullah JKNC Resigned on 21 October 2024
Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi JKPDP Elected in by-election
28 Beerwah Shafi Ahmad Wani JKNC
29 Khan Sahib Saif Ud Din Bhat JKNC
30 Charari Sharief Abdul Rahim Rather JKNC Speaker
31 Chadoora Ali Mohammad Dar JKNC
Pulwama 32 Pampore Hasnain Masoodi JKNC
33 Tral Rafiq Ahmad Naik JKPDP
34 Pulwama Waheed Ur Rehman Para JKPDP
35 Rajpora Ghulam Mohit Uddin Mir JKNC
Shopian 36 Zainapora Showkat Hussain JKNC
37 Shopian Shabir Ahmad Kullay IND
Kulgam 38 DH Pora Sakina Itoo JKNC Cabinet Minister
39 Kulgam Mohammad Yusuf Tarigami CPI(M)
40 Devsar Peerzada Feroze Ahamad JKNC
Anantnag 41 Dooru Gulam Ahmad Mir INC
42 Kokernag (ST) Zafar Ali Khatana JKNC
43 Anantnag West Abdul Majeed Bhat JKNC
44 Anantnag Peerzada Mohammad Syed INC
45 Srigufwara–Bijbehara Bashir Ahmed Shah Veeri JKNC
46 Shangus–Anantnag East Reyaz Ahmad Khan JKNC
47 Pahalgam Altaf Ahmad Wani JKNC
Kishtawar 48 Inderwal Payare Lal Sharma IND Supports JKNC
49 Kishtwar Shagun Parihar BJP
50 Padder–Nagseni Sunil Kumar Sharma BJP Leader of Opposition
Doda 51 Bhadarwah Daleep Singh BJP
52 Doda Mehraj Malik AAP
53 Doda West Shakti Raj Parihar BJP
Ramban 54 Ramban Arjun Singh Raju JKNC
55 Banihal Sajad Shaheen JKNC
Reasi 56 Gulabgarh (ST) Khurshied Ahmed JKNC
57 Reasi Kuldeep Raj Dubey BJP
58 Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Baldev Raj Sharma BJP
Udhampur 59 Udhampur West Pawan Kumar Gupta BJP
60 Udhampur East Ranbir Singh Pathania BJP
61 Chenani Balwant Singh Mankotia BJP
62 Ramnagar (SC) Sunil Bhardwaj BJP
Kathua 63 Bani Rameshwar Singh Thakur IND Supports JKNC
64 Billawar Satish Kumar Sharma BJP
65 Basohli Thakur Darshan Singh BJP
66 Jasrota Rajiv Jasrotia BJP
67 Kathua (SC) Bharat Bhushan BJP
68 Hiranagar Vijay Kumar Sharma BJP
Samba 69 Ramgarh (SC) Devinder Kumar Manyal BJP
70 Samba Surjeet Singh Slathia BJP
71 Vijaypur Chander Prakash Ganga BJP
Jammu 72 Bishnah (SC) Rajeev Kumar BJP
73 Suchetgarh (SC) Gharu Ram Bhagat BJP
74 RS Pora–Jammu South Narinder Singh Raina BJP
75 Bahu Vikram Randhawa BJP
76 Jammu East Yudhvir Sethi BJP
77 Nagrota Devender Singh Rana BJP Died on 31 October 2024
Devyani Singh Rana BJP Elected in bye-election
78 Jammu West Arvind Gupta BJP
79 Jammu North Sham Lal Sharma BJP
80 Marh (SC) Surinder Kumar BJP
81 Akhnoor (SC) Mohan Lal BJP
82 Chhamb Satish Sharma IND Supports JKNC
Cabinet Minister
Rajouri 83 Kalakote–Sunderbani Randhir Singh BJP
84 Nowshera Surinder Choudhary JKNC Deputy Chief Minister
85 Rajouri (ST) Iftkar Ahmed INC
86 Budhal (ST) Javaid Iqbal JKNC
87 Thanamandi (ST) Muzaffar Iqbal Khan IND
Poonch 88 Surankote (ST) Choudhary Mohammed Akram IND Supports JKNC
89 Poonch Haveli Ajaz Ahmed Jan JKNC
90 Mendhar (ST) Javed Ahmed Rana JKNC Cabinet Minister

See also

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