The following list of countries by intentional death rate has been obtained by adding the suicide rate from the World Health Organization and the homicide rate from the UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Study. Intentional deaths include homicide (intentional injury death of another) and suicide (intentional injury death of self).
Based upon various metrics alongside calculations over the course of multiple years, Singapore has the lowest intentional death rate in the world, with Honduras being the highest.
Definition
Intentional homicide is defined by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in its Global Study on Homicide report thus:
Within the broad range of violent deaths, the core element of intentional homicide is the complete liability of the direct perpetrator, which thus excludes killings directly related to war or conflicts, self-inflicted death (suicide), killings due to legal interventions or justifiable killings (such as self-defence), and those deaths caused when the perpetrator was reckless or negligent but did not intend to take a human life (non-intentional homicide).
Though some discrepancies exist in how specific categories of intentional killings are classified, the definitions used by countries to record data are generally close to the UNODC definition, making the homicide rates highly comparable at the international level. UNODC uses the homicide rate as a proxy for overall violence, as this type of crime is one of the most accurately reported and internationally comparable indicators.
Figures from the Global Study on Homicide are based on the UNODC Homicide Statistics dataset, which is derived from the criminal justice or public health systems of a variety of countries and territories. The homicide rates derived from criminal justice data (typically recorded by police authorities) and the public health system data (recorded when the cause of death is established) may diverge substantially for some countries. The two sources usually match in the Americas, Europe and Oceania, but there are large discrepancies for the three African countries reporting both sources. For the 70 countries in which neither source was made available, figures were derived from WHO statistical models.
Deaths resulting from an armed conflict between states are never included in the count. Killings caused by a non-international armed conflict may or may not be included, depending on the intensity of hostilities and whether it is classified as 'civil unrest' or a clash between organized armed groups.
List of countries by intentional death rate
| Country | Intentional Death | Homicide | Suicide | Ratio (H:S) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lesotho | 131.1 | 43.6 | 87.5 | 0.50 |
| Greenland (more info) | 65.5 | 5.3 | 60.2 | 0.09 |
| Guyana (more info) | 60.9 | 20.0 | 40.9 | 0.49 |
| South Africa | 57.0 | 33.5 | 23.5 | 1.43 |
| Eswatini | 52.1 | 11.6 | 40.5 | 0.29 |
| U.S. Virgin Islands | 49.3 | 49.3 | N/A | N/A |
| Jamaica | 47.0 | 44.7 | 2.3 | 19.43 |
| El Salvador | 43.3 | 8.2 | 6.1 | 6.10 |
| Central African Republic | 43.1 | 20.1 | 23.0 | 6.10 |
| Nigeria | 41.4 | 34.5 | 6.9 | 0.87 |
| Honduras | 38.9 | 36.3 | 2.6 | 13.96 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 38.9 | 30.6 | 8.3 | 3.69 |
| Venezuela | 38.8 | 36.7 | 2.1 | 17.48 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 37.5 | 36.5 | 1.0 | 36.50 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 36.1 | 36.1 | 0.0 | N/A |
| Botswana | 35.4 | 15.2 | 20.2 | 0.75 |
| Mexico | 33.7 | 28.4 | 5.3 | 5.36 |
| Belize | 33.4 | 25.7 | 7.7 | 3.34 |
| Suriname | 31.3 | 5.4 | 25.9 | 0.21 |
| Zimbabwe | 31.1 | 7.5 | 23.6 | 0.32 |
| Uruguay | 30.9 | 12.1 | 18.8 | 0.64 |
| Kiribati | 30.6 | N/A | 30.6 | N/A |
| Micronesia | 29.0 | N/A | 29.0 | N/A |
| Russia (more info) | 28.9 | 7.3 | 21.6 | 0.34 |
| Guatemala | 28.7 | 22.5 | 6.2 | 3.63 |
| Anguilla | 28.3 | 28.3 | N/A | N/A |
| Saint Lucia | 28.3 | 21.4 | 6.9 | 3.10 |
| Saint Martin | 27.7 | 27.7 | N/A | N/A |
| Brazil | 27.3 | 30.9 | 6.4 | 3.27 |
| Mozambique | 26.7 | 13.5 | 23.2 | 0.15 |
| Colombia | 26.3 | 22.6 | 3.7 | 6.11 |
| Puerto Rico | 25.9 | 18.5 | 7.4 | 2.50 |
| Namibia | 25.4 | 11.9 | 13.5 | 0.88 |
| Mongolia | 24.0 | 0.6 | 18.0 | 0.33 |
| Yemen | 23.9 | 1.8 | 7.1 | 0.96 |
| Ukraine (more info) | 23.9 | 6.2 | 17.7 | 0.35 |
| Lithuania (more info) | 23.9 | 3.7 | 20.2 | 0.18 |
| The Bahamas | 22.0 | 18.6 | 3.4 | 5.47 |
| South Korea (more info) | 21.8 | 0.6 | 21.2 | 0.03 |
| Cape Verde | 21.7 | 6.5 | 15.2 | 0.43 |
| South Sudan | 21.6 | 14.9 | 6.7 | 2.22 |
| Kazakhstan (more info) | 21.3 | 3.2 | 18.1 | 0.18 |
| Vanuatu | 21.0 | N/A | 21.0 | N/A |
| Dominica | 20.8 | 20.8 | N/A | N/A |
| United States (more info) | 20.8 | 7.8 | 14.5 | 0.43 |
| Montserrat | 20.3 | 20.3 | N/A | N/A |
| Uganda | 20.1 | 9.7 | 10.4 | 0.93 |
| Zambia | 19.8 | 15.4 | 14.4 | 0.38 |
| Montenegro | 19.1 | 2.9 | 16.2 | 0.18 |
| Curaçao | 19.0 | 19.0 | N/A | N/A |
| Belarus | 18.9 | 2.4 | 16.5 | 0.15 |
| Costa Rica | 18.8 | 11.2 | 7.6 | 1.47 |
| Latvia | 18.7 | 2.6 | 16.1 | 0.16 |
| Ethiopia | 18.3 | 18.8 | 9.5 | 0.93 |
| Burundi | 18.2 | 16.1 | 12.1 | 0.50 |
| Haiti | 17.9 | 36.7 | 11.2 | 0.59 |
| Angola | 17.4 | 14.8 | 12.6 | 0.38 |
| Solomon Islands | 17.4 | N/A | 17.4 | N/A |
| Cameroon | 17.3 | 21.4 | 15.9 | 0.09 |
| Eritrea | 17.3 | N/A | 17.3 | N/A |
| Seychelles | 17.1 | 12.5 | 4.6 | 2.72 |
| Moldova | 16.3 | 4.1 | 12.2 | 0.34 |
| India (more info) | 15.9 | 2.0 | 12.9 | 0.23 |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 15.8 | 15.8 | N/A | N/A |
| Burkina Faso | 15.7 | 31.3 | 14.4 | 0.09 |
| Ivory Coast | 15.7 | N/A | 15.7 | N/A |
| Belgium | 15.6 | 1.7 | 13.9 | 0.12 |
| Ecuador | 15.5 | 17.8 | 7.7 | 1.01 |
| Sri Lanka(more info) | 15.3 | 2.4 | 12.9 | 0.19 |
| Estonia | 15.3 | 3.2 | 12.0 | 0.27 |
| Cuba | 15.2 | 5.0 | 10.2 | 0.49 |
| Kenya | 15.0 | 8.0 | 11.0 | 0.36 |
| Finland | 15.0 | 1.6 | 13.4 | 0.12 |
| Hong Kong | 14.9 | 0.3 | 14.6 | 0.02 |
| Iraq | 14.8 | 1.1 | 4.7 | 2.15 |
| Togo | 14.8 | N/A | 14.8 | N/A |
| Tanzania | 14.7 | 16.5 | 8.2 | 0.79 |
| Somalia | 14.7 | 41 | 14.7 | N/A |
| Samoa | 14.6 | N/A | 14.6 | N/A |
| Niger | 14.5 | 4.4 | 10.1 | 0.44 |
| Slovenia | 14.5 | 0.5 | 14.0 | 0.04 |
| Dominican Republic | 14.0 | 8.9 | 5.1 | 1.75 |
| Panama | 14.0 | 11.1 | 2.9 | 3.83 |
| Benin | 13.8 | 1.1 | 12.7 | 0.09 |
| Pakistan | 13.7 | 1.9 | 9.8 | 0.40 |
| Sweden | 13.6 | 2.0 | 12.4 | 0.10 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 13.5 | 1.1 | 12.4 | 0.09 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 13.5 | N/A | 13.5 | N/A |
| Argentina | 13.4 | 6.3 | 8.1 | 0.65 |
| French Guiana | 13.2 | 13.2 | N/A | N/A |
| Chad | 13.2 | N/A | 13.2 | N/A |
| Gabon | 13.1 | N/A | 13.1 | N/A |
| Bolivia | 13.0 | 16.2 | 6.8 | 0.91 |
| Sierra Leone | 13.0 | 1.7 | 11.3 | 0.15 |
| Paraguay | 12.9 | 9.7 | 6.2 | 1.08 |
| New Zealand | 12.9 | 2.6 | 10.3 | 0.25 |
| Afghanistan | 12.7 | 1.7 | 6.0 | 1.12 |
| Iceland | 12.7 | 1.5 | 11.2 | 0.13 |
| Ghana | 12.6 | 2.1 | 10.5 | 0.20 |
| Hungary | 12.6 | 0.8 | 11.8 | 0.07 |
| Japan (more info) | 12.5 | 0.3 | 12.2 | 0.02 |
| Chile | 12.4 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 0.55 |
| Malawi | 12.4 | 1.8 | 10.6 | 0.17 |
| Norway | 12.4 | 0.6 | 11.8 | 0.05 |
| DR Congo | 12.4 | 20 | 12.4 | N/A |
| Canada (more info) | 12.3 | 4.0 | 10.3 | 0.19 |
| Guinea | 12.3 | N/A | 12.3 | N/A |
| Australia | 12.2 | 4.9 | 11.3 | 0.08 |
| Rwanda | 12.1 | 12.6 | 9.5 | 0.27 |
| Nepal | 12.1 | 2.3 | 9.8 | 0.23 |
| Croatia | 12.0 | 3.0 | 11.0 | 0.09 |
| Nicaragua | 11.9 | 17.2 | 4.7 | 1.53 |
| Djibouti | 11.9 | N/A | 11.9 | N/A |
| Mauritius | 11.7 | 2.9 | 8.8 | 0.33 |
| Congo | 11.6 | 23.5 | 11.6 | N/A |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 11.4 | 11.1 | 0.3 | 37.00 |
| Grenada | 11.4 | 10.8 | 0.6 | 18.00 |
| Senegal | 11.3 | 9.3 | 11.0 | 0.03 |
| Austria | 11.1 | 0.7 | 10.4 | 0.07 |
| France (more info) | 10.9 | 4.6 | 9.7 | 0.12 |
| Liberia | 10.7 | 3.3 | 7.4 | 0.45 |
| Peru | 10.6 | 7.9 | 2.7 | 2.93 |
| Thailand | 10.6 | 2.6 | 8.0 | 0.33 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 10.5 | 2.2 | 8.3 | 0.27 |
| Slovakia | 10.5 | 3.2 | 9.3 | 0.13 |
| Turkmenistan | 10.3 | 2.2 | 6.1 | 0.69 |
| Switzerland | 10.3 | 0.5 | 9.8 | 0.05 |
| Czech Republic | 10.2 | 1.7 | 9.5 | 0.07 |
| Barbados | 10.1 | 9.8 | 0.3 | 32.67 |
| Poland | 10.0 | 5.7 | 9.3 | 0.08 |
| Sudan | 9.9 | 15.1 | 4.8 | 1.06 |
| Georgia | 9.9 | 2.2 | 7.7 | 0.29 |
| Macedonia | 9.9 | 1.9 | 8.0 | 0.24 |
| Netherlands | 9.9 | 0.6 | 9.3 | 0.06 |
| Singapore | 9.9 | 0.2 | 9.7 | 0.02 |
| Ireland | 9.6 | 1.7 | 8.9 | 0.08 |
| Gambia | 9.6 | N/A | 9.6 | N/A |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 9.5 | 1.2 | 8.3 | 0.14 |
| Fiji | 9.5 | N/A | 9.5 | N/A |
| Uzbekistan | 9.4 | 1.1 | 8.3 | 0.13 |
| Madagascar | 9.2 | N/A | 9.2 | N/A |
| Germany | 9.1 | 2.8 | 8.3 | 0.10 |
| Serbia | 8.9 | 5.0 | 7.9 | 0.13 |
| Romania | 8.8 | 1.5 | 7.3 | 0.21 |
| Luxembourg | 8.8 | 0.2 | 8.6 | 0.02 |
| Vietnam | 8.7 | 1.5 | 7.2 | 0.21 |
| East Timor | 8.6 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 0.91 |
| Morocco | 8.6 | 1.3 | 7.3 | 0.18 |
| Denmark | 8.6 | 1.0 | 7.6 | 0.13 |
| Comoros | 8.5 | N/A | 8.5 | N/A |
| North Macedonia | 8.4 | 1.2 | 7.2 | 0.17 |
| British Virgin Islands | 8.3 | 8.3 | N/A | N/A |
| Cayman Islands | 8.2 | 8.2 | N/A | N/A |
| North Korea | 8.2 | N/A | 8.2 | N/A |
| Bermuda | 8.1 | 8.1 | N/A | N/A |
| United Kingdom (more info) | 8.1 | 4.3 | 6.9 | 0.17 |
| Portugal | 8.1 | 1.9 | 7.2 | 0.13 |
| Tunisia | 8.0 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 1.50 |
| Mali | 8.0 | 34.1 | 8.0 | N/A |
| Malaysia | 7.9 | 2.1 | 5.8 | 0.36 |
| Bahrain | 7.7 | 0.5 | 7.2 | 0.07 |
| Iran | 7.6 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 0.49 |
| Bhutan | 7.6 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 0.49 |
| Bulgaria | 7.5 | 1.0 | 6.5 | 0.15 |
| Cambodia | 7.3 | 1.8 | 5.5 | 0.33 |
| China (more info) | 7.2 | 0.5 | 6.7 | 0.07 |
| Philippines | 6.9 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 1.76 |
| Malta | 6.9 | 1.6 | 5.3 | 0.30 |
| Israel | 6.7 | 1.5 | 5.2 | 0.29 |
| Saudi Arabia | 6.7 | 1.3 | 5.4 | 0.24 |
| Bangladesh | 6.3 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 0.62 |
| Azerbaijan | 6.3 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 0.58 |
| Tajikistan | 6.2 | 0.9 | 5.3 | 0.17 |
| Egypt | 6.0 | 6.6 | 3.4 | 0.76 |
| Laos | 6.0 | 0.9 | 6.0 | N/A |
| Mayotte | 5.9 | 5.9 | N/A | N/A |
| Spain | 5.9 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 0.11 |
| Guadeloupe | 5.8 | 5.8 | N/A | N/A |
| Albania | 5.8 | 2.1 | 3.7 | 0.57 |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 5.7 | 5.7 | N/A | N/A |
| United Arab Emirates | 5.7 | 0.5 | 5.2 | 0.10 |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 5.5 | 5.3 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Mauritania | 5.5 | N/A | 5.5 | N/A |
| Myanmar | 5.3 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 0.77 |
| Qatar | 5.1 | 0.4 | 4.7 | 0.09 |
| Turkey | 4.9 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 1.13 |
| Italy | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 0.12 |
| Oman | 4.8 | 0.3 | 4.5 | 0.07 |
| Lebanon | 4.7 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 0.68 |
| Kuwait | 4.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.67 |
| Armenia | 4.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.67 |
| Libya | 4.5 | N/A | 4.5 | N/A |
| Cyprus | 4.4 | 1.2 | 3.2 | 0.38 |
| Greece | 4.4 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 0.22 |
| Tonga | 4.4 | N/A | 4.4 | N/A |
| Algeria | 3.9 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 0.50 |
| Papua New Guinea | 3.6 | N/A | 3.6 | N/A |
| Maldives | 3.5 | 0.7 | 2.8 | 0.25 |
| Gibraltar | 3.0 | 3.0 | N/A | N/A |
| Jordan | 3.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.50 |
| Syria | 3.0 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 0.43 |
| Brunei | 3.0 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 0.20 |
| Indonesia | 3.0 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 0.15 |
| Martinique | 2.8 | 2.8 | N/A | N/A |
| Andorra | 2.6 | 2.6 | N/A | N/A |
| Liechtenstein | 2.6 | 2.6 | N/A | N/A |
| Kosovo | 2.4 | 2.4 | N/A | N/A |
| Kurdistan | 2.2 | 2.2 | N/A | N/A |
| Aruba | 1.9 | 1.9 | N/A | N/A |
| Réunion | 1.8 | 1.8 | N/A | N/A |
| Palestine | 1.0 | 1.0 | N/A | N/A |
| Taiwan | 0.8 | 0.8 | N/A | N/A |
| Macau | 0.3 | 0.3 | N/A | N/A |
| Channel Islands | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
| Holy See | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
| Isle of Man | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
| Monaco | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
| Saint Helena | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
| San Marino | 0.0 | 0.0 | N/A | N/A |
See also
- List of countries by intentional homicide rate
- List of countries by suicide rate
- List of countries by life expectancy
Sources
- Global Study on Homicide 2013: Trends, Contexts, Data (PDF). Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. March 2014. ISBN 9789210542050.
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