Over the centuries, cities in Europe have changed a great deal, rising and falling in size and influence. These tables give an idea of estimated population at various dates from the earliest times to the most recent:
Timeline: Neolithic–Bronze Age–Iron Age–ancient Greece–Roman Republic (7000–1 B.C.)
| City | 7000 | 6500 – 6000 | 5000 | 4000 | 3800 | 3000 – 2500 | 2000 | 1600 | 1300 | 1000 | 700 | 600 | 500 – 400 | 300 | 200 | 100 – 1 | |
| Athens | | | | | | | | | 10,000 – 15,000 | 2,500 – 5,000 | 5,000 – 10,000 | 70,000 – 100,000 – 130,000 | 150,000 – 350,000 – 610,000 | 120,000 – 200,000 – 300,000 – 431,000 | | 100,000 – 200,000 | |
| Argos | | | | | | | | | | 600 – 1,200 | 5,000 – 10,000 | | 30,000 – 60,000 | | | | |
| Aegina | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 – 40,000 | | | | |
| Akrotiri | | | | | | | | 8,000 – 15,000 – 30,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Agrigento | | | | | | | | | | | | | 200,000 – 800,000 | | | | |
| Avaricum | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | |
| Bibracte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | |
| Cerveteri | | | | | | | | | | | | 25,000 – 40,000 | | | | | |
| Capua | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 | | 300,000 | 100,000 | |
| Choirokoitia | 300 – 600 | 2,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Corinth | | | | | | | | | | | 5,000 | | 50,000 – 90,000 – 100,000 | | | | |
| Crotone | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50,000 – 80,000 | | | | |
| Dobrovody | | | | | 10,000 – 16,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Dimini | | | 300 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Durrington Walls | | | | | | 4,000 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fedorivka | | | | 6,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gournia | | | | | | | | 4,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Heuneburg | | | | | | | | | | | | 10,000 | | | | | |
| Ischia | | | | | | | | | | | 5,000 – 10,000 | | | | | | |
| Knossos | | 100 | 1,000 | | | 1,300 – 2,000 | 18,000 | 20,000 – 40,000 – 100,000 | 30,000 | | 5,000 – 10,000 | | | | | | |
| Lepenski Vir | | 150 – 1,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mycenae | | | | | | | 20,000 | | 30,000 – 35,000 | | | | | | | | |
| Manika (Greece) | | | | | | 6000 – 15,000 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Malia | | | | | | 700 – 1,000 | | 5,000 – 10,000 – 12.500 | | | | | | | | | |
| Maidanetske | | | | | 10,000 – 29,000 – 46,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nea Nikomedeia | | 500 – 700 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Okolište | | | 1000 – 3000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Palaikastro | | | | | | | | 18,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Populonia | | | | | | | | | | | | 25,000 – 40,000 | | | | | |
| Tarquinia | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 – 25,000 – 40,000 | | | | | |
| Vinča-Belo Brdo | | | 2000 – 2500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Veii | | | | | | | | | | | | 25,000 – 40,000 – 100,000 | | | | | |
| Volsinii | | | | | | | | | | | | 13,000 – 25,000 – 40,000 | | | | | |
| Vulci | | | | | | | | | | | | 15,000 – 25,000 – 40,000 | | | | | |
| Sesklo | | 300 | 1000 – 5000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sparta | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 – 50,000 | | | | |
| Syracuse, Sicily | | | | | | | | | | | | | 200,000 – 800,000 – 1,200,000 | 200,000 – 400,000 | | | |
| Sybaris | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 – 300,000 | | | | |
| Solnitsata | | | 350 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Tiryns | | | | | | 1,200 – 1,800 | | | 10,000 | 15,000 | | | | | | | |
| Nebelivka | | | | 17,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Taranto | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 – 300,000 | | | | |
| Talianky | | | | | 15,000 – 30,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Thebes, Greece | | | | | | 4,000 – 6,000 | | | 8,000 | | | | 30,000 – 60,000 | | | | |
| Los Millares | | | | | | 1,000 – 2,300 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pavlopetri | | | | | | | 500 | 2,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Rome | | | | | | | | | | 3,145 – 7,400 | 24,240 – 60,600 | 80,000 | 130,000 | 250,000 – 300,000 | 350,000 | 500,000 – 1,000,000 | |
| Rhodes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 – 200,000 | 100,000 | | |
Timeline: Roman Empire–modern age (1–1800 A.D.)
| City | 1 – 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900 | 1000 | 1100 | 1200 | 1300 | 1400 | 1500 | 1600 | 1700 | 1800 | |
| Agrigento | 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Athens | 30,000 – 90,000 | | | | 110,000 | | | | | | | | 25,000 | 35,000 – 50,000 | 40,000 | | | | |
| Aquileia | 12,000 – 100,000 | 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Augsburg | 25,000 – 50,000 | 25,000 – 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | 12,000 | | 50,000 | 30,000 – 50,000 | 45,000 – 50,000 – 100,000 | 26,000 | 28,000 – 32,000 | |
| Amalfi | | | | | | | | | | 80,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Antwerp | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5,000 | 20,000 | 100,000 – 200,000 | 46,000 – 90,000 | 75,000 | | |
| Arles | | | | 75,000 – 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Autun | 40,000 – 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Amsterdam | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | 65,000 – 100,000 – 175,000 | 175,000 – 200,000 – 210,000 | 195,000 – 201,000 | |
| Barcelona | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50,000 | 60,000 – 70,000 | | | | 100,000 | |
| Bruges | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50,000 | 125,000 – 200,000 | | | | | |
| Bucharest | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 60,000 | 50,000 | | |
| Brussels | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | | 100,000 | 100,000 | 70,000 | | |
| Bordeaux | 15,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 – 40,000 | | 50,000 | | | 100,000 | |
| Berlin | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,000 | | 12,000 | 20,000 | 172,000 | |
| Bologna | | | | | | | | | | | | 35,000 | 50,000 – 70,000 | | | | | | |
| Bolgar | | | | | | | | | | 25,000 – 30,000 | | | 50,000 | | | | | | |
| Capua | 30,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Carnuntum | 12,000 – 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cádiz | 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 87,000 | |
| Corinth | 100,000 – 200,000 – 700,000 | | | | | | | 45,000 + in 856 AD. | | | | | | | | | | | |
Constantinople/
Istanbul | 12,000 | | | 400,000 | 400,000 – 800,000 | 100,000 – 800,000 | 100,000 – 800,000 | 100,000 – 250,000 | 500,000 – 1,000,000 | 500,000 | 300,000 | 400,000 | 70,000 | 100,000 | 400,000 – 660,000 | 700,000 | 300,000 – 700,000 | 400,000 – 570,000 | |
| Córdoba | 45,000 | | | | | | | | | 350,000 | | | 60,000 | | | | | | |
| Cologne | 40,000 | 40,000 | | | | | | 15,000 – 20,000 | 21,000 | 20,000 | 21,000 – 50,000 | 50,000 – 60,000 | 50,000 – 60,000 | 40,000 | 45,000 | | 40,000 | 50,000 | |
| Gdańsk | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | 60,000 – 80,000 | | | |
| Dublin | | | | | | | | | 1,000 – 2,000 | 4,000 – 5,000 | | 10,000 | 20,000 | | | | 75,000 | 200,000 | |
| Edirne (Adrianople) | | | | | | | | 10,000 | | | | | | 28,000 | 125,000 | 160,000 – 183,000 | 93,000 | 100,000 | |
| Feodosia | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | 85,000 – 88,000 | 50,000 | 40,000 | 36,000 – 44,000 | | |
| Florence | | | | | | | | | | 15,000 | | 50,000 – 60,000 | 80,000 – 120,000 | | 70,000 | 70,000 | | | |
| Gela | 30,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Genoa | | | | | | | | | | 80,000 | 50,000 | | 100,000 | 100,000 | 60,000 | 70,000 | 90,000 | | |
| Ghent | | | | | | | | | | 5,000 | 10,000 | | 60,000 – 80,000 | 70,000 – 80,000 | 80,000 – 150,000 – 175,000 – 200,000 | | | | |
| Gortyna | 22,500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Granada | | | | | | | | | | 26,000 | | | 150,000 | 100,000 | 70,000 | | | | |
| Hamburg | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8,000 | 15,000 – 20,000 | 40,000 – 60,000 – 100,000 | 63,000 – 75,000 | 117,000 – 130,000 | |
| Kyiv | | | | | | | | | | 10,000 | 18,000 | | | | | | | | |
| Lisbon | | | | | | | | | | | | | 35,000 | 50,000 – 60,000 | 60,000 – 70,000 – 120,000 | 120,000 – 140,000 | 200,000 | 237,000 | |
| London | 30,000 | 45,000 – 50,000 – 60,000 | | | | | | 10,000 – 12,000 | | 20,000 – 25,000 | 10,000 – 20,000 | 20,000 – 25,000 | 50,000 – 100,000 | | 50,000 – 100,000 – 120,000 | 225,000 – 410,000 | 550,000 – 700,000 | 861,000 – 1,000,000 | |
| Lugdunum (Lyon) | 50,000 – 100,000 – 200,000 | 50,000 – 100,000 – 200,000 | | | | | | 12,000 | | 20,000 | | | | | 40,000 – 70,000 | 40,000 – 70,000 | 100,000 | 150,000 | |
| Leuven | | | | | | | | | | | | | 45,000 | | | | | | |
| Lublin | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 – 70,000 | | | | |
| Lübeck | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,000 | 24,000 | 30,000 – 37,000 | 32,000 | | | 24,000 | |
| Madrid | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 60,000 | 105,000 | 182,000 | |
| Magdeburg | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | 40,000 – 45,000 | | | |
| Marseille | 15,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 80,000 – 100,000 | 80,000 | 83,000 – 100,000 | |
| Mainz | 15,000 | | | | | | | 20,000 | | 30,000 | | 25,000 | 24,000 | | | | 20,000 | 20,000 – 42,000 | |
| Messina | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 | | | |
| Milan | 30,000 – 40,000 | | 40,000 | 100,000 | | | | | | | | 90,000 | 200,000 | 125,000 | 100,000 | 180,000 | 113,000 | 122,000 – 250,000 | |
| Metz | | 40,000 | | | | | | 25,000 | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | |
| Montpellier | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 – 40,000 | 15,000 | | | | 40,000 | |
| Moscow | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 – 30,000 | 30,000 – 40,000 | 100,000 | 200,000 | 200,000 | 270,000 | |
| Narbonne | 20,000 | 30,000 – 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | 31,000 | | | | | | | |
| Naples | 30,000 | | | | | | | 50,000 | | 30,000 | | 30,000 | 50,000 – 60,000 | | 200,000 | 350,000 | 207,000 | 500,000 | |
| Nimes | | 40,000 – 60,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | |
| Nuremberg | | | | | | | | | | | | 10,000 | 20,000 | 20,000 | 20,000 – 52,000 | 40,000 – 50,000 – 100,000 | | 27,000 | |
| Ostia Antica | 20,000 – 50,000 – 100,000 | 50,000 – 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Ohrid | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Palermo | | | | | | | | | | 60,000 – 350,000 | 150,000 | 150,000 | 50,000 | | | 100,000 | 124,000 | 135,000 | |
| Paris | 8,000 | | | | 30,000 | | 20,000 – 30,000 | 20,000 – 30,000 | | 20,000 | 50,000 | 110,000 – 160,000 | 228,000 – 275,000 – 300,000 | 280,000 | 225,000 | 245,000 – 420,000 | 515,000 | 546,000 – 830,000 | |
| Padua | 25,000 – 40,000 | 25,000 – 40,000 | 25,000 – 40,000 | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | | | | | | |
| Philippi | 10,000 – 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pliska | | | | | | | | 44,000 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Plovdiv | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 | | 20,000 | | | 30,000 | | | | |
| Pozzuoli | 30,000 – 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pskov | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 35,000 | 52,000 – 60,000 | | | | |
| Preslav | | | | | | | | | 60,000 | 60,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Prague | | | | | | | | | | 10,000 | | 22,000 | 40,000 – 77,000 | 95,000 – 100,000 | 70,000 | 100,000 | 48,000 | 77,000 – 100,000 | |
| Regensburg | | | | | | | | 25,000 | | 40,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Reims | | 30,000 – 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | |
| Rome | 1,000,000 – 1,650,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,200,000 | 1,100,000 | 100,000 | 90,000 | 40,000 – 50,000 | 50,000 | | 30,000 | | | 20,000 | | 50,000 – 55,000 | 90,000 – 110,000 | 120,000 – 150,000 | 150,000 | |
| Ravenna | | | | 50,000 | 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rhodes | 40,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rouen | | | | | | | | 10,000 | | | 30,000 | | 40,000 | 70,000 | 40,000 – 70,000 | 40,000 – 70,000 | 63,000 | 80,000 – 90,000 | |
| Saint Petersburg | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000+ | 220,000 – 425,000 | |
| Salerno | | | | | | | | | | 50,000 | 50,000 | 30,000 | | | 4,000 | | | | |
| Smolensk | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 – 30,000 – 40,000 | | 25,000 | 50,000 | 64,000 | 40,000 | | |
| Sarai | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,00 – 600,000 | | | | | | |
| Speyer | | | | | | | | | | | 30,000+ | 30,000 | 20,000 | | | | | | |
| Seville | | | | | | | | | | 90,000 | | 150,000 | | | 25,000 | 100,000 – 300,000 | 80,000 | 96,000 | |
| Siena | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50,000 – 120,000 | 25,000 | | | | | |
| Stara Zagora | 35,000 | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | | 40,000 | | | 38,000 | | | | |
| Syracuse, Sicily | 80,000 – 90,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Thessaloniki | 30,000 – 200,000 | | | | | | | | 50,000 | 40,000 | 150,000 | 150,000 | 100,000 – 150,000 | 100,000 – 150,000 | | | | | |
| Trakai | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50,000 | | | | | |
| Trnovo | | | | | | | | | | | | 48,000 | 35,000 | | | | | | |
| Targoviste | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 25,000 – 40,000 | 50,000 – 60,000 | 45,000 – 60,000 | | | |
| Trier | | 70,000 – 80,000 – 100,000 | 70,000 – 80,000 – 100,000 | | | | | 15,000 | | 20,000 | | | | | | | | | |
| Toulouse | 20,000 | 40,000 | 50,000 | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | 40,000 | 24,000 | 50,000 | | 43,000 | 50,000 | |
| Venice | | | | | | | | | | 60,000 | | 80,000 | 110,000 – 180,000 | 110,000 – 150,000 | 100,000 – 170,000 | 200,000 | 140,000 | 140,000 | |
| Verona | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 – 25,000 | 40,000 | | | | | | |
| Veliky Novgorod | | | | | | | | | | 10,000 – 15,000 – 18,000 | | 20,000 – 30,000 – 40,000 | 50,000 – 60,000 – 400,000 | 50,000 | | | | | |
| Vienna | 15,000 – 20,000 | 15,000 – 20,000 | | | | | | | | | | 12,000 | 20,000 | 24,000 | 45,000 | 30,000 – 50,000 – 60,000 | 100,000 – 113,000 | 250,000 | |
| Worms | | | | | | | | | | | | 28,000 – 60,000 | 20,000 | | | | | | |
| Ypres | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 – 80,000 – 200,000 | 40,000 – 80,000 – 200,000 | | | | | | |
| Zadar | 30,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Data from Hohenberg and Lees (1985)
1400 | City | Population | | Paris | 275,000 | | Bruges | 125,000 | | Milan | 125,000 | | Venice | 110,000 | | Genoa | 100,000 | | Granada | 100,000 | | Prague | 95,000 | | Ghent | 70,000 | | Rouen | 70,000 | | Seville | 70,000 | | 1700 | City | Population | | Istanbul | 700,000 | | London | 550,000 | | Paris | 500,000 | | Naples | 215,000 | | Lisbon | 188,000 | | Amsterdam | 180,000 | | Moscow | 150,000 | | Venice | 138,000 | | Rome | 130,000 | | Milan | 120,000 | | Belgrade | 100,000 | | Lyon | 100,000 | | Madrid | 100,000 | | Vienna | 100,000 | | Marseille | 100,000 | | Sarajevo | 100,000 | | Gdańsk | 100,000 | | 1800 | City | Population | | London | 1,000,000 | | Paris | 600,000 | | Naples | 426,000 | | Moscow | 250,000 | | Vienna | 240,000 | | St. Petersburg | 220,000 | | Amsterdam | 220,000 | | Dublin | 200,000 | | Lisbon | 180,000 | | Berlin | 172,000 | | Warsaw | 120,000 | |
Data from Chandler (1987)
| City | Country | 430 B.C. | 200 B.C. | A.D. 100 | A.D. 361 | A.D. 500 | A.D. 622 |
| Seville | Spain | | | 37–40,000 | | | 40,000 |
| London | United Kingdom | | | 30,000 | | | |
| Syracuse | Italy | 125,000 | 100,000 | 51–60,000 | 45–50,000 | | |
| Rome | Italy | 35,000 | 150,000 | 450,000 | 150,000 | 100,000 | 50,000 |
| Milan | Italy | | | 30,000 | 40,000 | | |
| Athens | Greece | 155,000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 50–60,000 | | |
| Corinth | Greece | 70,000 | 70,000 | 50,000 | | | |
| Constantinople | Turkey | | | 36,000 | 300,000 | 400,000 | 350,000 |
| City | Country | 800 | 900 | 1000 | 1100 | 1150 | 1200 | 1250 | 1300 | 1350 | 1400 | 1450 | 1500 | 1550 | 1575 | 1600 | 1650 |
| London | United Kingdom | | | 15,000 | 25,000 | | 40,000 | | 45,000 | | 50,000 | 60,000 | 50,000 | 74,000 | 112,000 | 187,000 | 410,000 |
| Lisbon | Portugal | 15,000 | | 15,000 | | | 15,000 | | 35,000 | 45,000 | 55,000 | 60,000 | 55,000 | 62,000 | 85,000 | 100,000 | 170,000 |
| Córdoba | Spain | 160,000 | 200,000 | 450,000 | 60,000 | 60,000 | 60,000 | | 40,000 | | 36,000 | | 30,000 | | | 32,000 | |
| Seville | Spain | 35,000 | 40,000 | 90,000 | 125,000 | 125,000 | 150,000 | 75,000 | 90,000 | 60,000 | 60,000 | 60,000 | 46,000 | 70,000 | 100,000 | 126,000 | 60,000 |
| Granada | Spain | | | | 60,000 | 60,000 | 60,000 | 75,000 | 90,000 | 60,000 | 90,000 | 165,000 | 70,000 | 70,000 | 60,000 | 68,000 | |
| Madrid | Spain | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 80,000 | 125,000 |
| Paris | France | 25,000 | | 20,000 | 30,000 | 50,000 | 110,000 | 160,000 | 228,000 | 215,000 | 280,000 | 150,000 | 185,000 | 210,000 | 220,000 | 245,000 | 455,000 |
| Amsterdam | Netherlands | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 48,000 | 165,000 |
| Rome | Italy | 50,000 | 40,000 | 35,000 | 35,000 | | 35,000 | | 30,000 | | 33,000 | | 38,000 | 58,000 | 70,000 | 102,000 | 110,000 |
| Turin | Italy | | 25,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | | 35,000 | | 40,000 | 40,000 | 40,000 | 75,000 | 114,000 | 209,000 | 215,000 | 224,000 | 265,000 |
| Milan | Italy | 25,000 | 20,000 | 30,000 | 42,000 | 45,000 | 60,000 | 65,000 | 60,000 | 50,000 | 80,000 | 83,000 | 89,000 | 75,000 | 98,000 | 107,000 | 105,000 |
| Palermo | Italy | | 35,000 | 75,000 | 90,000 | 125,000 | 150,000 | 75,000 | 35,000 | | 25,000 | | 39,000 | 60,000 | 70,000 | 105,000 | 132,000 |
| Venice | Italy | | 35,000 | 45,000 | 55,000 | 60,000 | 70,000 | 90,000 | 110,000 | 85,000 | 110,000 | 100,000 | 115,000 | 171,000 | 157,000 | 151,000 | 134,000 |
| Copenhagen | Denmark | | | 15,000 | | | 22,000 | | 30,000 | 40,000 | 55,000 | 76,000 | 80,000 | 84,000 | 90,000 | 110,000 | |
| Prague | Czech Republic | | | | | | | | 25,000 | | 35,000 | | 35,000 | | | 33,000 | |
Constantinople/
Istanbul | Turkey | 250,000 | 300,000 | 300,000 | 200,000 | 200,000 | 150,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 80,000 | 75,000 | 45,000 | 200,000 | 660,000 | 680,000 | 700,000 | 700,000 |
| Smolensk | Russia | | | | | | | 80,000 | 100,000 | 120,000 | | | | | | | |
| Moscow | Russia | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | | 80,000 | 75,000 | 60,000 | 80,000 | 100,000 |
| City | Country | 1675 | 1700 | 1750 | 1775 | 1800 | 1825 | 1850 | 1862 | 1875 | 1900 | 1914 | 1925 | 1936 | 1950 | 1975 |
| London | United Kingdom | 485,000 | 550,000 | 676,000 | 710,000 | 861,000 | 1,335,000 | 2,320,000 | 2,803,000 | 4,241,000 | 6,480,000 | 7,419,000 | 7,742,000 | 9,710,000 | 8,860,000 | 10,500,000 |
| Lisbon | Portugal | 178,000 | 188,000 | 213,000 | 219,000 | 237,000 | 258,000 | 262,000 | 280,000 | 243,000 | 363,000 | 455,000 | 567,000 | | 875,000 | 1,600,000 |
| Córdoba | Spain | | 27,000 | | | 28,000 | | 34,000 | | | 52,000 | | | | | |
| Seville | Spain | | 80,000 | 68,000 | | 96,000 | 83,000 | 117,000 | | | 148,000 | | 212,000 | | 383,000 | 685,000 |
| Granada | Spain | | 35,000 | 45,000 | | 53,000 | | 58,000 | | | 75,000 | | | | | |
| Madrid | Spain | 115,000 | 105,000 | 110,000 | 132,000 | 182,000 | 201,000 | 216,000 | 303,000 | 373,000 | 539,000 | 623,000 | 791,000 | 1,220,000 | 1,527,000 | 4,150,000 |
| Paris | France | 540,000 | 530,000 | 556,000 | 600,000 | 547,000 | 855,000 | 1,314,000 | 1,800,000 | 2,250,000 | 3,330,000 | 4,000,000 | 4,800,000 | 5,950,000 | 5,900,000 | 9,400,000 |
| Amsterdam | Netherlands | 195,000 | 210,000 | 219,000 | 209,000 | 195,000 | 196,000 | 225,000 | 268,000 | 289,000 | 510,000 | 601,000 | 718,000 | | 859,000 | 1,800,000 |
| Rome | Italy | 105,000 | 138,000 | 146,000 | 148,000 | 142,000 | 125,000 | 158,000 | 194,000 | 251,000 | 438,000 | 570,000 | 758,000 | 1,155,000 | 1,665,000 | 3,600,000 |
| Naples | Italy | 170,000 | 207,000 | 310,000 | 355,000 | 430,000 | 350,000 | 413,000 | 447,000 | 450,000 | 563,000 | 691,000 | 852,000 | | 1,210,000 | 1,900,000 |
| Milan | Italy | 114,000 | 113,000 | 110,000 | 117,000 | 122,000 | 156,000 | 182,000 | 226,000 | 267,000 | 491,000 | 655,000 | 917,000 | 1,103,000 | 1,400,000 | 3,800,000 |
| Palermo | Italy | 128,000 | 125,000 | 111,000 | 127,000 | 135,000 | 154,000 | 170,000 | 175,000 | 188,000 | 255,000 | | 370,000 | | 470,000 | 672,000 |
| Venice | Italy | 138,000 | 143,000 | 158,000 | 151,000 | 146,000 | 99,000 | 141,000 | | | 171,000 | | 226,000 | | 354,000 | |
| Berlin | Germany | | 26,000 | 113,000 | 136,000 | 172,000 | 222,000 | 446,000 | 582,000 | 1,045,000 | 2,707,000 | 3,500,000 | 4,013,000 | 4,226,000 | 3,707,000 | 2,000,000 |
| Budapest | Hungary | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 309,208 | 733,385 | 880,371 | 960,995 | 1,060,431 | 1,629,000 | 2,026,543 |
| Prague | Czech Republic | | 48,000 | 58,000 | | 77,000 | 98,000 | 117,000 | | | 474,000 | 670,000 | 745,000 | | 951,000 | 1,275,000 |
| Copenhagen | Denmark | | | | | | | 30,000 | | | 181,000 | | 571,000 | | 1,140,000 | 3,300,000 |
| Istanbul | Turkey | 750,000 | 700,000 | 625,000 | 600,000 | 570,000 | 675,000 | 785,000 | 820,000 | 873,000 | 900,000 | 1,125,000 | 817,000 | | 1,035,000 | 3,200,000 |
| Edirne | Turkey | 100,000 | 85,000 | 82,000 | | 80,000 | 88,000 | 85,000 | | | | | | | | |
| Moscow | Russia | 105,000 | 114,000 | 146,000 | 177,000 | 248,000 | 257,000 | 373,000 | 346,000 | 600,000 | 1,120,000 | 1,805,000 | 1,764,000 | 4,050,000 | 5,100,000 | 10,700,000 |
| Saint Petersburg | Russia | | | 74,000 | 164,000 | 220,000 | 438,000 | 502,000 | 565,000 | 764,000 | 1,439,000 | 2,133,000 | 1,430,000 | 2,983,000 | 2,700,000 | 4,280,000 |
See also
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