Below is a list of leaders of present-day Turkmenistan since the establishment of Turkmen SSR in 1925.
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (1925–1991)
First Secretaries of the Communist Party of Turkmenistan
| No. | Picture | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Political party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Secretary | |||||
| 1 | Ivan Mezhlauk (1891–1938) | 19 November 1924 | 1926 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 2 | Shaymardan Ibragimov (1899–1957) | June 1926 | 1927 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 3 | Nikolay Paskutsky (1894–1938) | 1927 | 1928 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 4 | Grigory Aronshtam (1893–1938) | 11 May 1928 | August 1930 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 5 | Yakov Popok (1894–1938) | August 1930 | 15 April 1937 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 6 | Anna Mukhamedov (1900–1938) | April 1937 | October 1937 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 7 | Yakov Chubin (1893–1956) | October 1937 | November 1939 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 8 | Mikhail Fonin (1905–1974) | November 1939 | March 1947 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 9 | Shadzha Batyrov (1908–1965) | March 1947 | July 1951 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 10 | Sukhan Babyev (1910–1995) | July 1951 | 14 December 1958 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 11 | Dzhuma Durdy Karayev (1910–1960) | 14 December 1958 | 4 May 1960 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 12 | Balysh Ovezov (1915–1975) | 13 June 1960 | 24 December 1969 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 13 | Muhammetnazar Gapurow (1922–1999) | 24 December 1969 | 21 December 1985 | CPT/CPSU | |
| 14 | Saparmurat Niyazov (1940–2006) | 21 December 1985 | 16 December 1991 | CPT/CPSU | |
Chairmen of the Revolutionary Committee
- Gaygysyz Atabayev (October 1924 – December 1924)
- Nedirbay Aytakov (December 1920 – February 1925)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
- Nedirbay Aytakov (20 February 1925 – 21 July 1937)
- Batyr Ataýew (acting) (August 1937 – October 1937)
- Hyvaly Babaýew (October 1937 – 24 July 1938)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
- Allaberdi Berdiyev (24 July 1938 – 27 July 1938)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
- Hyvaly Babayev (27 July 1938 – 1941)
- Allaberdy Berdyev (1941 – 6 March 1948)
- Akmamed Saryyev (6 March 1948 – 30 March 1959)
- Nurberdi Bayramov (30 March 1959 – 26 March 1963)
- Annamuhamet Gylyjow (26 March 1963 – 15 December 1978)
- Bally Ýazgulyýevyç Ýazgulyýew (15 December 1978 – 13 August 1988)
- Roza Atamuradovna Bazarova (13 August 1988 – 19 January 1990)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
- Saparmurat Niyazov (19 January 1990 – 2 November 1990)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
- Gaygysyz Atabayev (20 February 1925 – 8 July 1937)
- Aýtbaý Hudaýbergenov (October 1937 – 17 October 1945)
- Suhan Babayev (17 October 1945 – 14 July 1951)
- Balysh Ovezov (14 July 1951 – 14 January 1958)
- Jumadurdy Karayev (14 January 1958 – 20 January 1959)
- Balysh Ovezov (20 January 1959 – 13 June 1960)
- Abdy Annaliyev (13 June 1960 – 26 March 1963)
- Muhammetnazar Gapurow (26 March 1963 – 25 December 1969)
- Oraz Orazmuhammedow (25 December 1969 – 17 December 1975)
- Bally Yazkuliyev (17 December 1975 – 15 December 1978)
- Chary Karriyev (15 December 1978 – 26 March 1985)
- Saparmurat Niyazov (26 March 1985 – 4 January 1986)
- Annamurat Hojamyradow (4 January 1986 – 17 November 1989)
- Han Ahmedow (5 December 1989 – 27 October 1991)
Turkmenistan (1990–present)
- Political parties
Communist Party of Turkmenistan (CPT)
Democratic Party of Turkmenistan (DPT)
- Other affiliations
Independent
- Status
Denotes acting president
- Symbols
T Term extension referendum
† Died in office
| No. | Portrait | Name (born–died) | Elected | Term of office | Political party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| 1 | Saparmurat Niyazov (1940–2006) | 1990 | 2 November 1990 | 21 December 2006[†] | 16 years, 49 days | CPT (until Dec. 1991) | ||
| 1992 1994[T] | DPT | |||||||
| 2 | Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow (born 1957) | — | 21 December 2006 | 14 February 2007 | 55 days | DPT (until 2013) | ||
| 2007 2012 | 14 February 2007 | 19 March 2022 | 15 years, 33 days | |||||
| 2017 | Independent | |||||||
| 3 | Serdar Berdimuhamedow (born 1981) | 2022 | 19 March 2022 | Incumbent | 3 years, 274 days | DPT | ||
Timeline
National Leader
On 21 January 2023, President Serdar Berdimuhamedow appointed his father, former President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan with the title "National Leader" (Turkmen: Milli Lider).
See also
- Politics of Turkmenistan
- Cabinet of Turkmenistan
- People's Council of Turkmenistan
- President of Turkmenistan
- Prime Minister of Turkmenistan
- Vice President of Turkmenistan
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