List of monarchs of Montenegro

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This article lists monarchs of Montenegro, from the establishment of Duklja to the Kingdom of Montenegro which merged into the Kingdom of Serbia in 1918.

Monarchy of Montenegro
Nikola I
Details
StyleHis Majesty
First monarchVojislav (as Prince)
Last monarchNikola I (as King)
Formation1018
Abolition1918
ResidenceCetinje Royal Palace
AppointerHereditary
PretenderNikola Petrović-Njegoš

Medieval Duklja (Dioclea)

Non-hereditary archons

  • Petar or Petrislav (late 10th c.)
  • Jovan Vladimir (1000 – May 22, 1016)

House of Vojislavljević

  • Vojislav I (1018 – c. 1043)
  • Neda (1043 – 1046)
  • Mihailo I (c. 1046 – 1081)
  • Konstantin (1081–1101)
  • Mihailo II (1101–1102)
  • Dobroslav II (1102)
  • Kočopar (1102–1103)
  • Vladimir (1103–1114)
  • Đorđe I (1114–1118)
  • Grubeša (1118–1125)
  • Đorđe I (1125–1131)
  • Gradihna (1131–1148)
  • Radoslav (1146–1148/62)
  • Mihailo III (1162–1186)

Zeta, crown land

House of Nemanjić

  • Vukan (1189–1208)
  • Đorđe (1208–1216)
  • Radoslav (1216–1243)
  • Beloslava (1243–1267)
  • Uroš (1267–1276)
  • Jelena (1276–1309)
  • Stefan (1309–1314)
  • Konstantin (1314–1322)
  • Dušan (1322–1331)

Non-hereditary governors

  • Đuraš Ilijić (1331–1362)

Principality of Zeta/Montenegro

House of Balšić

  • Balša I (1356–1362)
  • Đurađ I (1362–1378)
  • Balša II (1378–1385)
  • Đurađ II (1385–1403)
  • Balša III (1403–1421)

House of Crnojević

  • Đurađ III (1421–1435)
  • Gojčin (1435-1451)
  • Stefan I (1451–1465)
  • Ivan I (1465–1490)
  • Đurađ IV (1490–1496)
  • Stefan II (1496–1498)
  • Ivan II (1498–1515)
  • Đurađ V (1515–1516)

Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro

Non-hereditary Metropolitans

  • Vavila (Bishop from 1493) (1516–1520)
  • German II (1520–1530)
  • Pavle (1530–1532)
  • Vasilije I (1532–1540)
  • Nikodim (1540)
  • Romi (1540–1559)
  • Makarije (1560–1561)
  • Ruvim I (1561–1569)
  • Pahomije II (1569–1579)
  • Gerasim (1575–1582)
  • Venijamin (1582–1591)
  • Nikanor and Stefan (1591–1593)
  • Ruvim II (1593–1636)
  • Mardarije I (1639–1649)
  • Visarion I (1649–1659)
  • Mardarije II (1659–1673)
  • Ruvim III (1673–1685)
  • Vasilije II (1685)
  • Visarion II (1685–1692)
  • Sava I (1694–1697)

Hereditary Metropolitans

Picture TitleName
(Birth–Death) 		Reign House Notes
Prince-Bishop
Danilo I
(1670–1735)		 July 19, 1697 – January 11, 1735 Petrović-Njegoš Founder of the House of Petrović-Njegoš.
Prince-Bishop
Sava II
(1702–1782)		 January 11, 1735 – March 7, 1781 Petrović-Njegoš Ruled jointly with Vasilije III from 1750 until 1766.
Prince-Bishop
Vasilije III
(1709–1766)		 August 11, 1750 – March 10, 1766 Petrović-Njegoš Ruled jointly with Sava II.
"Tsar", Lord
Stephen the Little
(c.  1739 – 1773) 		October 17, 1767 – September 22, 1773 None Impostor who was purported to be the dead Emperor of Russia Peter III in exile. Proclaimed leader by the people of Montenegro and ruled the country as an absolute monarch, sidelining Prince-Bishop Sava II.
Prince-Bishop
Arsenije II
(fl. 1766 – 1784)		 March 7, 1781 – May 15, 1784 None
(Plamenac)		 Succeed Sava II Petrović-Njegoš as the Metropolitan of Cetinje and as the Prince-Bishop. Non-hereditary.
Prince-Bishop
Petar I
(1747–1830)		 October 13, 1784 – October 30, 1830 Petrović-Njegoš Canonized as Saint Peter of Cetinje by the Serbian Orthodox Church.
Prince-Bishop
Petar II
(November 13, 1813 – October 31, 1851)		 October 30, 1830 – October 31, 1851 Petrović-Njegoš Most famous as a poet. His notable works include The Mountain Wreath, The Ray of the Microcosm, The Serbian Mirror and False Tsar Stephen the Little.
Prince-Bishop
Danilo II
(May 25, 1826 – August 13, 1860)		 October 31, 1851 – March 13, 1852 Petrović-Njegoš Proclaimed Prince of Montenegro.
  1. The official theocratic title was; "Bishop (or Vladika) and the Lord of Montenegro" (Владика и господар Црне Горе).

Principality of Montenegro (1852–1910)

House of Petrović-Njegoš

Picture TitleName
(Birth–Death) 		Reign Territory Notes
Prince, Lord
Danilo I
(May 25, 1826 – August 13, 1860)		 March 13, 1852 – August 13, 1860 Principality of Montenegro (see; Reign of Danilo I) First secular ruler of Montenegro after centuries of theocratic rule.
Assassinated in Kotor.
Prince, Lord
Nikola I
(October 7, 1841 – March 1, 1921)		 August 13, 1860 – August 28, 1910 Principality of Montenegro (see; Reign of Nikola I) Proclaimed King of Montenegro.
  1. The official royal title was; "Knjaz (or Prince) and the Lord (Gospodar) of Montenegro" (Књаз и господар Црне Горе).

Kingdom of Montenegro (1910–1918)

House of Petrović-Njegoš

Picture TitleName
(Birth–Death) 		Reign Territory Notes
King
Nikola I
(October 7, 1841 – March 1, 1921)		 August 28, 1910 – November 26, 1918 Kingdom of Montenegro In exile from January 15, 1916, due to the Montenegrin campaign of World War I.
Deposed on the Podgorica Assembly on November 26, 1918.

Pretenders to the Montenegrin throne since 1918

House of Petrović-Njegoš

  • Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš (26 November 1918 – 1 March 1921)
  • Danilo Petrović-Njegoš (1 March 1921 – 7 March 1921)
  • Mihajlo Petrović-Njegoš (7 March 1921 – 24 March 1986)
  • Nikola Petrović-Njegoš (24 March 1986 – present)

Family tree

Family tree of Montenegrin rulers until 1515
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Peter
of Duklja
late 10th cent.
Dragomir
r. 1016-1018		Theodore
Monomachos		Eustathios
Argyros
VOJISLAVLJEVIĆ
Saint
John Vladimir
r. c. 1000-1016		Stephen
Vojislav I
Dobroslav
r. 1018-1043
Neda
r. 1043/4-1046		unknown
sibling		Constantine IX
Monomachos
of Byzantium
c. 1000-1055		Zoe of
Byzantium
978-1050		Romanos III
of Byzantium
968-1034		Basil
Argyros
c. 970-1023
Gojislav
r. 1046		Michael I
r. c. 1046-1081
unknown
daughter		Radoslav
Vojislavljević		unknown
daughter		John Doukas
died 1088
Jaquinta
of Bari
d. c. 1118		Constantine
Bodin
r. 1081-1101		Dobroslav (II)
r. 1101-1102
died 1103		Petrislav
of Rascia
d. 1083
Branislav
Radoslavljević		Constantine X
of Byzantium
1006-1067		Eudokia
Makrembolitissa
c. 1021-1096		Romanos IV
of Byzantium
c. 1030-1072		Andronikos
Doukas
died 1077
George I
r. 1113-118,
1125-1131		Michael II
r. 1101-1102		Vladimir
Mihailović		Vukan of
Serbia
c. 1050-1112		Marko
Petrislavljević
of Rascia
Kočapar
r. 1102-1103		Gradinja
r. 1131/5-1142/6		Constantine
Diogenes
d. 1073		Irene
Doukaina
c. 1066-1138
Grubeša
r. 1118-1125		Vladimir II
?-1103-1118
unknown
daughter		Uroš I
of Serbia
c. 1083-1145		Anna
Diogenissa
c. 1074-1115		Radoslav
r. 1146-1148		Constantine
Angelos
c. 1093-a. 1166		Theodore
Komnene
born 1096
John Doukas
c. 1126-1200
Desa
r. 1149-1162		Zavida or
Uroš the White		Michael III
r. 1165/75-1186/9		Desislava
r. 1186-1189?		Andronikos
Doukas Angelos
c. 1133-1185
NEMANJIĆ
Maria
Petraliphaina		Theodore of
Thessalonica
died c. 1253		Michael I
of Epirus
died c.1214		John
Petraliphas		Stephen
Nemanja
c.1113-1199 
Anastasia
d. 1200		Alexios III
of Byzantium
c. 1153-1211
ASEN

Vukan
r. c. 1190-1207		Michael II
of Epirus
died c. 1267		Theodora
Petraliphaina
of Arta		Irene of
Thessalonica		Ivan Asen II
of Bulgaria
c. 1190-1241		Stephen the
First-Crowned
of Serbia
c. 1165-1128		Eudokia
Angelina of
Byzantium
c. 1173-1211		AnnaIrene
Angelina
of Byzantium
George II
r. 1208-1216
d. 1243		John I of
Thessaly
died 1289		Helen
of Anjou
c. 1235-1276-
1306-a. 1314		Stephen
Uroš I
the Great
c. 1223-1267-
1276-1277		Stephen
Vladislav
of Serbia
c. 1198-a. 1264		Beloslava
of Bulgaria
r. 1243-1267		Andronicus
Palaeologus
c. 1190-c. 1250		Theodora
Angelina
Palaiologinaa
ĐURAŠEVIĆ
Đuraš
Vrančić		Dmitar
Nemanjić		George Terter I
of Bulgaria
died c. 1308		Kira Maria
of Bulgaria		Constantine
Palaeologus
of Byzantium
died 1271		Michael VIII
of Byzantium
1223-1282
Ilija
Đurašić		Vratislav
Nemanjić		Helen
Doukaina
Angelina
of Thessaly		Demetrius
Doukas
Komnenos
Koutroules		Anna of
Bulgaria
died a. 1304		Stephen
Uroš II Milutin
of Serbia
c. 1253-1321		Helenunknown
daughter		Andronicus II
of Byzantium
1258-1332
BALŠIĆ
Đuraš
Ilijić
r. 1326-1362		Vratko
Nemanjić
Jug Bogdan		Balša I
r. 1356-1362		Stephen
Constantine
c. 1283-1314-1322		Stephen
Uroš II
Dečanski
1276-1309-1314-1331		Theodora
of Bulgaria
died a. 1332		Simonida of
Byzantium
c. 1294-a. 1336
Crnoje
Đurašević		Milica
of Serbia
c. 1335-1405		Stracimir
Balšić
died 1373		George I
r. 1362-1378		Balša II
r. 1378-1385		Stephen
Dušan
the Mighty
c. 1308-1322-1331-1355
CRNOJEVIĆ
Radič
Crnojević		Jelena
Lazarević
1365/6-1443
George I
r. 1385-1403
Đurađ
Đurašević
Balša II
1387-1403-1421

Gojčin
r. 1435-1451

Stephen I
r. 1451-1465

Ivan I
r. 1465-1490

Stephen II
1469-1496-1499		George IV
r. 1490-1946
died 1514

Ivan II
r. 1498-1514

George V
r. 1514-1515

See also

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