This is a list of official languages by country and territory. It includes all languages that have official language status either statewide or in a part of the state.
List
| Country/Region | Number of official (including de facto) | Official language(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Abkhazia | 2 |
|
| Afghanistan | 2 |
|
| Albania | 1 | Albanian |
| Algeria | 2 |
|
| Andorra | 1 | Catalan |
| Angola | 1 | Portuguese |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 1 | None (English has de facto status) |
| Argentina | 2 | None at federal level (Spanish has de facto status) Argentine Sign Language |
| Armenia | 1 | Armenian |
| Australia | 1 | None (English has de facto status) |
| Austria | 1 | German |
| Azerbaijan | 1 | Azerbaijani |
| Bahamas | 1 | English |
| Bahrain | 1 | Arabic |
| Bangladesh | 1 | Bengali |
| Barbados | 1 | English |
| Belarus | 2 |
|
| Belgium | 3 |
|
| Belize | 1 | English |
| Benin | 1 | French |
| Bhutan | 1 | Dzongkha |
| Bolivia | 37 |
|
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3 | None (Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian all have de facto status) |
| Botswana | 1 | English |
| Brazil | 1 | Portuguese |
| Brunei | 1 | Malay |
| Bulgaria | 1 | Bulgarian |
| Burkina Faso | 4 |
|
| Burundi | 3 |
|
| Cambodia | 1 | Khmer |
| Cameroon | 2 |
|
| Canada | 2 |
|
| Cape Verde | 1 | Portuguese |
| Central African Republic | 2 |
|
| Chad | 2 |
|
| Chile | 1 | Spanish |
| China | 1 | Standard Chinese |
| Christmas Island | 3 |
|
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands | 2 |
|
| Colombia | 1 | Spanish |
| Comoros | 3 |
|
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1 | French |
| Republic of the Congo | 1 | French |
| Cook Islands | 2 |
|
| Costa Rica | 1 | Spanish |
| Croatia | 1 | Croatian |
| Cuba | 1 | Spanish |
| Cyprus | 2 |
|
| Czech Republic | 2 |
|
| Denmark | 1 | Danish |
| Djibouti | 2 |
|
| Dominica | 1 | English |
| Dominican Republic | 1 | Spanish |
| East Timor | 2 |
|
| Ecuador | 1 |
|
| Egypt | 1 | Arabic |
| El Salvador | 1 | Spanish |
| Equatorial Guinea | 3 |
|
| Eritrea | 1 | Tigrinya |
| Estonia | 1 | Estonian |
| Eswatini | 2 |
|
| Ethiopia | 5 |
|
| Fiji | 3 |
|
| Finland | 2 |
|
| France | 1 | French |
| Gabon | 1 | French |
| The Gambia | 1 | English |
| Georgia | 1 | Georgian |
| Germany | 1 | German |
| Ghana | 1 | English |
| Greece | 1 | Greek |
| Grenada | 1 | English |
| Guatemala | 1 | Spanish |
| Guinea | 1 | French |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1 | Portuguese |
| Guyana | 1 | English |
| Haiti | 2 |
|
| Honduras | 1 | Spanish |
| Hong Kong | 2 |
|
| Hungary | 1 | Hungarian |
| Iceland | 2 |
|
| India | 2 |
|
| Indonesia | 1 | Indonesian |
| Iran | 1 | Persian |
| Iraq | 2 |
|
| Ireland | 2 |
|
| Israel | 1 | Hebrew |
| Italy | 1 | Italian |
| Ivory Coast | 1 | French |
| Jamaica | 1 | English |
| Japan | 1 | None (Japanese has de facto status) |
| Jordan | 1 | Arabic |
| Kazakhstan | 2 |
|
| Kenya | 2 |
|
| Kiribati | 2 |
|
| North Korea | 1 | Korean |
| South Korea | 2 |
|
| Kosovo | 2 |
|
| Kuwait | 1 | Arabic |
| Kyrgyzstan | 2 |
|
| Laos | 1 | Lao |
| Latvia | 1 | Latvian |
| Lebanon | 1 | Arabic |
| Lesotho | 2 |
|
| Liberia | 1 | English |
| Libya | 1 | Arabic |
| Liechtenstein | 1 | German |
| Lithuania | 1 | Lithuanian |
| Luxembourg | 3 |
|
| Macau | 2 |
|
| Madagascar | 2 |
|
| Malawi | 2 |
|
| Malaysia | 1 | Malay |
| Maldives | 1 | Dhivehi |
| Mali | 13 |
|
| Malta | 2 |
|
| Sovereign Military Order of Malta | 1 | Italian |
| Marshall Islands | 2 |
|
| Mauritania | 1 | Arabic |
| Mauritius | 2 | None (English has de jure status and French has de facto status) |
| Mexico | 1 | None (Spanish has de facto status) |
| Federated States of Micronesia | 1 | English |
| Moldova | 1 | Romanian |
| Monaco | 1 | French |
| Mongolia | 1 | Mongolian |
| Montenegro | 1 | Montenegrin |
| Morocco | 2 |
|
| Mozambique | 1 | Portuguese |
| Myanmar (Burma) | 1 | Burmese |
| Namibia | 1 | English |
| Nauru | 2 |
|
| Nepal | 1 | Nepali |
| Netherlands | 1 | Dutch |
| New Zealand | 3 |
|
| Nicaragua | 1 | Spanish |
| Niger | 1 | Hausa |
| Nigeria | 1 | English |
| Niue | 2 |
|
| Norfolk Island | 2 |
|
| North Macedonia | 2 |
|
| Northern Cyprus | 1 | Turkish |
| Norway | 2 |
|
| Oman | 1 | Arabic |
| Pakistan | 2 |
|
| Palau | 2 |
|
| Palestine | 1 | Arabic |
| Panama | 1 | Spanish |
| Papua New Guinea | 4 |
|
| Paraguay | 2 |
|
| Peru | 1 | Spanish |
| Philippines | 2 |
|
| Poland | 1 | Polish |
| Portugal | 1 | Portuguese |
| Qatar | 1 | Arabic |
| Romania | 1 | Romanian |
| Russia | 1 | Russian |
| Rwanda | 4 |
|
| Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | 2 |
|
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1 | English |
| Saint Lucia | 1 | English |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1 | English |
| Samoa | 2 |
|
| San Marino | 1 | Italian |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 1 | Portuguese |
| Saudi Arabia | 1 | Arabic |
| Senegal | 1 | French |
| Serbia | 1 | Serbian |
| Seychelles | 3 |
|
| Sierra Leone | 1 | English |
| Singapore | 4 |
|
| Slovakia | 1 | Slovak |
| Slovenia | 1 | Slovene |
| Solomon Islands | 1 |
|
| Somalia | 2 |
|
| Somaliland | 3 |
|
| South Africa | 12 |
|
| South Ossetia | 2 |
|
| South Sudan | 1 | English |
| Spain | 1 | Spanish |
| Sri Lanka | 2 |
|
| Sudan | 2 |
|
| Suriname | 1 | Dutch |
| Sweden | 1 | Swedish |
| Switzerland | 4 |
|
| Syria | 1 | Arabic |
| Taiwan | 1 | None (Mandarin Chinese has de facto status) |
| Tajikistan | 1 | Tajik |
| Tanzania | 2 |
|
| Thailand | 1 | Thai |
| Togo | 1 | French |
| Tokelau | 2 |
|
| Tonga | 2 |
|
| Transnistria | 3 |
|
| Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | English |
| Tunisia | 1 | Arabic |
| Turkey | 1 | Turkish |
| Turkmenistan | 1 | Turkmen |
| Tuvalu | 2 |
|
| Uganda | 2 |
|
| Ukraine | 1 | Ukrainian |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | Arabic |
| United Kingdom and Crown dependencies etc. | 1 | None (English has de facto status) |
| United States | 1 | None (English has de facto status) |
| Uruguay | 2 |
|
| Uzbekistan | 1 | Uzbek |
| Vanuatu | 3 |
|
| Vatican City | 2 |
|
| Venezuela | 2 |
|
| Vietnam | 1 | Vietnamese |
| Yemen | 1 | Arabic |
| Zambia | 1 | English |
| Zimbabwe | 16 |
|
List of languages by number of countries in which they are the official language
This is a ranking of languages by number of sovereign countries in which they are de jure or de facto official, although there are no precise inclusion criteria or definition of a language. An '*' (asterisk) indicates a country whose independence is disputed.
Partially recognized or de facto independent countries are denoted by an asterisk (*)
| Language | World | Africa | Americas | Asia | Europe | Oceania | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | 57 | 22 | 14 | 4 | 3 | 14 | United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India, Nigeria (See the full list) |
| French | 26 | 18 | 2 | – | 5 | 1 | France, Canada, Belgium, Switzerland, Madagascar, Monaco, Haiti, Vanuatu (See the full list) |
| Arabic | 24–26* | 12–14* | – | 12 | – | – | Egypt, Sudan, Algeria, Iraq, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Palestine (See the full list) |
| Spanish | 20 | 1 | 18 | – | 1 | Spain, Colombia, Argentina, Mexico (See the full list) | |
| Portuguese | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – | Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, East Timor (See the full list) |
| German | 6 | – | – | – | 6 | – | Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein (See the full list) |
| Russian | 4–7* | – | – | 2 | 2–5* | – | Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Abkhazia,* South Ossetia,* Transnistria* (See the full list) |
| Serbo-Croatian | 4–5* | – | – | – | 4–5* | – | Serbia (known as Serbian), Croatia (known as Croatian), Montenegro (known as Montenegrin), Bosnia and Herzegovina (known as Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian), Kosovo* (known as Serbian) |
| Italian | 4 | – | – | – | 4 | – | Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City |
| Malay | 4 | – | – | 4 | – | – | Malaysia, Indonesia (known as Indonesian), Singapore, Brunei |
| Swahili | 4 | 4 | – | – | – | – | Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda |
| Berber | 3 | 3 | – | – | – | – | Algeria, Morocco, Mali |
| Dutch | 3 | – | 1 | – | 2 | – | Netherlands, Belgium, Suriname |
| Persian | 3 | – | – | 3 | – | – | Iran, Afghanistan (known as Dari), Tajikistan (known as Tajik) |
| Sotho | 3 | 3 | – | – | – | – | South Africa, Lesotho, Zimbabwe |
| Tswana | 3 | 3 | – | – | – | – | Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe |
| Albanian | 2–3* | – | – | – | 2–3* | – | Albania, Kosovo,* North Macedonia |
| Standard Chinese | 2–3* | – | – | 2–3* | – | – | China, Singapore, Taiwan* |
| Romanian | 2–3* | – | – | – | 2-3* | – | Romania, Moldova, Transnistria* |
| Somali | 2–3* | 2–3* | – | – | – | – | Somalia, Ethiopia, Somaliland* |
| Turkish | 2–3* | – | – | – | 2–3* | – | Turkey, Northern Cyprus,* Cyprus |
| Aymara | 2 | – | 2 | – | – | – | Bolivia and Peru |
| Bengali | 2 | – | – | 2 | – | – | Bangladesh and India |
| Chichewa | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | Malawi and Zimbabwe |
| Fula | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | Mali and Burkina Faso |
| Greek | 2 | – | – | – | 2 | – | Greece and Cyprus |
| Guarani | 2 | – | 2 | – | – | – | Paraguay and Bolivia |
| Hindi | 2 | – | – | 2 | – | – | India and Fiji |
| Korean | 2 | – | – | 2 | – | – | North Korea and South Korea |
| Quechua | 2 | – | 2 | – | – | – | Bolivia and Peru |
| Rwanda-Rundi | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | Burundi (known as Kirundi) and Rwanda (known as Kinyarwanda) |
| Swati | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | Eswatini and South Africa |
| Swedish | 2 | – | – | – | 2 | – | Sweden and Finland |
| Tamil | 2 | – | – | 2 | – | – | Sri Lanka and Singapore |
| Tigrinya | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | Eritrea and Ethiopia |
| Venda | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | South Africa and Zimbabwe |
See also
- List of official languages
- Linguistic demography
- Lists of countries and territories by official language
- Lists of endangered languages
- Lists of languages
- List of languages by number of native speakers
- List of languages by total number of speakers
- World language
- Languages used on the Internet
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