This article lists notable political parties in Colombia. Colombia historically maintained a two-party system dominated by the Colombian Liberal Party and Colombian Conservative Party, resulting in considerable difficulty for anybody to achieve major electoral success under the banner of any other party. In the current day,[clarification needed] it is a multi-party system, with every party that gets more than 3% of the valid votes in each of the two chambers of Congress getting legal recognition. Some special cases such as parties of minority groups are also able to attain legal status even if they fail to reach this requirement.
Parties with legal recognition
In the Parliamentary election of 2022, the following parties got the minimum required number of votes for legal recognition (3% of valid votes).
| Party | Abbr. | Founded | Ideology | Political position | Status in government | Senators | Seats in the House | Governors | Deputies | Mayors | Leader | Affiliation | Alliance | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Centre Centro Democrático | CD | 2013 |
| Right-wing to Far-right | Opposition | 13 / 108 (12%) | 15 / 188 (8%) | 3 / 32 (9%) | 34 / 418 (8%) | 154 / 1,102 | Álvaro Uribe | IDU | ||||
| Colombian Liberal Party Partido Liberal Colombiano | PLC | 1848 |
| Centre-left to Centre-right | Coalition | 14 / 108 (13%) | 32 / 188 (17%) | 7 / 32 (22%) | 78 / 418 (19%) | 181 / 1,102 | César Gaviria | SI | — | |||
| Radical Change Cambio Radical | CR | 1998 |
| Center-right to Right-wing | Opposition | 11 / 108 (10%) | 16 / 188 (9%) | 7 / 32 (22%) | 64 / 418 (15%) | 155 / 1,102 | Rodrigo Lara | — | ||||
| Social Party of National Unity Partido Social de Unidad Nacional | PSUN | 2005 |
| Centre | Independent | 14 / 108 (13%) | 25 / 172 (15%) | 4 / 32 (13%) | 74 / 418 (18%) | 258 / 1,102 | Dilian Francisca Toro | LI | — | |||
| Colombian Conservative Party Partido Conservador Colombiano | PCC | 1849 |
| Centre-right to Right-wing | Independent | 15 / 108 (14%) | 25 / 188 (13%) | 7 / 32 (22%) | 65 / 418 (16%) | 194 / 1,102 | Hernán Andrade | CDI, IDU | — | |||
| Green Alliance Alianza Verde | AV | 2009 |
| Center-left | Coalition | 8 / 108 (7%) | 11 / 188 (6%) | 3 / 32 (9%) | 44 / 418 (11%) | 50 / 1,102 | Claudia López | GG, FSP | CdE | |||
| Commons Comunes | 2017 | Anti-capitalism Anti-imperialism Bolivarianism Communism Democratic socialism Feminism Latin-Americanism Marxism-Leninism Progressivism Reformism Social democracy | Far-left to Centre-left | Coalition | 5 / 108 (5%) | 5 / 188 (3%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 4 / 1,102 | Timoleón Jiménez | FSP | PHxC | |||||
| Alternative Democratic Pole Polo Democrático Alternativo | PDA | 2005 |
| Left-wing | Coalition | 5 / 108 (5%) | 11 / 188 (6%) | 1 / 32 (3%) | 8 / 418 (2%) | 15 / 1,102 | Jorge Robledo Iván Cepeda | SI, FSP | PHxC | |||
| Fair and Free Colombia Colombia Justa Libres | CJL | 2017 |
| Right-wing | Independent | 3 / 108 (3%) | 1 / 172 (0.6%) | 2 / 32 (6%) | 2 / 418 (0.5%) | 14 / 1,102 | David Castro | — | NUC | |||
| Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation Movimiento Independiente de Renovación Absoluta | MIRA | 2000 |
| Right-wing | Independent | 3 / 108 (3%) | 1 / 172 (0.6%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 8 / 418 (2%) | 0 / 1,102 | Carlos Guevara | AMI | NUC | |||
| Humane Colombia Colombia Humana | CH | 2019 | Anti-imperialism Anti-neoliberalism Feminism Left-wing populism Progressivism Post-capitalism Social democracy | Left-wing | Coalition | 5 / 108 (5%) | 13 / 188 (7%) | 1 / 32 (3%) | 8 / 418 (2%) | 8 / 1,102 | Gustavo Petro | GdP | PHxC | |||
| Dignity and Commitment Dignidad y Compromiso | 2020 |
| Centre | Independent | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 2 / 418 (0.5%) | 0 / 1,102 | Juan Ospina | PA | CdE | ||||
| New Liberalism Nuevo Liberalismo | 1979 | Cultural liberalism Social liberalism | Centre | Independent | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Juan Manuel Galán | — | CdE | ||||
| Patriotic Union Unión Patriótica | UP | 1985 | Anti-authoritarianism Anti-neoliberalism Anti-racism Bolivarianism Democratic socialism Internationalism Latin-Americanism Marxism Pacifism Progressivism | Left-wing | Coalition | 4 / 108 (4%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Aída Abella | FSP | PHxC | |||
| Colombian Communist Party Partido Comunista Colombiano | PC | 2021 | Socialism Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-imperialism | Far-left to Left-wing | Coalition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Jaime Caycedo | FSP | PHxC | |||
| National Salvation Movement Movimiento de Salvación Nacional | MSN | 2021 |
| Right-wing | Opposition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Enrique Gómez Martínez | |||||
| League of Anti-Corruption Governors Liga de Gobernantes Anticorrupción | LIGA | 2022 |
| Far-right | Opposition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Rodolfo Hernández | |||||
| On Going! En Marcha | EM | 2022 | Centrism Federalism Social liberalism | Centre-left to Centre | Independent | 3 / 108 (3%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | — | CdE | ||||
| Citizen Force Fuerza Ciudadana | FC | 2022 | Anti-racism Ecologism Federalism Labourism Progressivism Social democracy | Centre-left | Coalition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Carlos Caicedo | |||||
| The Peace Force La Fuerza De La Paz | FP | 2022 | Feminism Progressivism Post-capitalism Social democracy | Left-wing to Center-left | Coalition | 1 / 108 (0.9%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Roy Barreras | PHxC | ||||
| Independent Independientes | 2023 |
| Center-left | Coalition | 1 / 108 (0.9%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 1 / 1,102 | PHxC | ||||||
| Democratic Hope Esperanza Democrática | 2023 |
| Left-wing to Centre-left | Coalition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | |||||||
| New Democratic Force Nueva Fuerza Democrática | NFD | 2023 |
| Right-wing | Opposition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | ||||||
| Oxygen Green Party Partido Verde Oxígeno | PVO | 1998 |
| Center | Opposition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Íngrid Betancourt | CdE | ||||
| We Are All Colombian Todos Somos Colombia | 2023 |
| Left-wing to Centre-left | Coalition | 1 / 108 (0.9%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Clara López | PHxC | |||||
| We believe Colombia Creemos Colombia | 2023 |
| Center-right | Opposition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Federico Gutiérrez | ||||||
| People on the Move Gente En Movimiento | GEM | 2021 |
| Center | Coalition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Mauricio Lizcano | |||||
| Worker's Party Partido del Trabajo de Colombia | PTC | 1999 | Marxism Anti-imperialism New Democracy | Left-wing | Coalition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Yezid García Abello | PHxC | ||||
| I Am Because We Are Soy Porque Somos | SPS | 2023 | Feminism Environmentalism Indigenismo Progressivism Anti-racism | Left-wing | Coalition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Francia Márquez | PHxC | ||||
| Popular Power Poder Popular | 2023 |
| Center-left | Coalition | 0 / 108 (0%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | Ernesto Samper | ||||||
Parties of ethnic minorities
The following parties obtained representation in the congress despite not surpassing the required percentage, thanks to being in representation of ethnic minorities.
| Party | Abbr. | Founded | Ideology | Political position | Senators | Seats in the House | Governors | Deputies | Mayors | Alliance | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indigenous and Social Alternative Movement Movimiento Alternativo Indígena y Social | MAIS | 2013 |
| Left-wing | 1 / 108 (0.9%) (1 indigenous seat) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) (1 indigenous seat) | 2 / 32 (6%) | 3 / 418 (0.7%) | 21 / 1,102 | PHxC | |||
| Independent Social Alliance Movement Alianza Social Independiente | ASI | 1991 |
| Center-left | 4 / 108 (4%) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 2 / 32 (6%) | 14 / 418 (3%) | 56 / 1,102 | CdE | |||
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia Autoridades Indígenas de Colombia | AICO | 1990 | Indigenism Progressivism | Left-wing to Centre-left | 1 / 108 (0.9%) (Indigenous seat) | 0 / 188 (0%) | 1 / 32 (3%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 29 / 1,102 | PHxC | |||
| Broad Democratic Alliance Alianza Democrática Afrocolombiana | ADA | 2007 | Afro-Colombian interests Ecologism Environmentalism Progressivism Political ecology Social democracy | Centre-left | 2 / 108 (2%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) (Afro seat) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 5 / 1,102 | PHxC | |||
| Colombia Reborn Colombia Renaciente | 2018 | Environmentalism Multiculturalism Pacifism Pluralism Progressivism Social democracy | Centre-left | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) (Afro seat) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 2 / 418 (0.5%) | 10 / 1,102 | CdE | ||||
| Colombian Democratic Party Partido Demócrata Colombiano | PD | 2022 |
| Center-right | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | ||||
| Colombian Ecologist Party Partido Ecologista Colombiano | PEC | 2022 |
| Center-left | 0 / 108 (0%) | 1 / 188 (0.5%) | 0 / 32 (0%) | 0 / 418 (0%) | 0 / 1,102 | ||||
Defunct parties
- Christian National Party (2002)
- Christians for Community (2002)
- Alternative Way (2002)
- Alternative for Social Advance (2002)
- Citizens' Movement (2002)
- Citizens' Political Movement for Bocaya (2002)
- Civic People's Convergence (2002)
- Civic Purpose Colombia (2002)
- Coalition (2002)
- Colombia Always (2002)
- Colombian People's Party (2002)
- Colombian Social Democratic Party (2002)
- Comunitarian Party Option Seven (2002)
- Democratic Progressivity (2002)
- Democratic Unity Party (2002)
- Front of Hope (2002)
- Community Participation (2002-2000s)
- Citizens' Convergence (2002-2000s)
- Colombia Unite (2002-2000s)
- Colombian Community and Communal Political Movement (2002-2000s)
- Democratic Colombia Party (2003-2000s)
- For the Country of Our Dreams (2006)
- New Huila and Liberalism (2006)
- Citizen Option (2009)
See also
- Lists of political parties
- Liberalism in Colombia
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