Nonelementary problem

In computational complexity theory, a nonelementary problem is a problem that is not a member of the class ELEMENTARY. As a class it is sometimes denoted as NONELEMENTARY.

Examples of nonelementary problems that are nevertheless decidable include:

  • the problem of regular expression equivalence with complementation
  • the monadic second-order theory with two successors (see S2S)
  • the first-order theory of any term algebra in a signature containing at least one binary function symbol
  • satisfiability of W. V. O. Quine's fluted fragment of first-order logic
  • deciding β-convertibility of two closed terms in typed lambda calculus
  • reachability in vector addition systems; it is Ackermann-complete.
  • reachability in Petri nets; it is Ackermann-complete.

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