Phagwara (Punjabi: [pʰɐgɐʋaːɽaː]; ISO: Phagawāṛā) is a city and a municipal corporation in the Kapurthala district of Punjab, India. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the district headquarters of Kapurthala, and 124 kilometres (77 mi) from the state capital, Chandigarh. Phagwara is known for its production of sugar, glucose, starch, fine fabric, preet's paints, and auto parts. It is locally known for the Shri Hanuman Garhi Temple.
Phagwara | |
|---|---|
Phagwara Location in Punjab, India Phagwara Phagwara (India) | |
| Coordinates: 31°13′N 75°46′E / 31.22°N 75.77°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Punjab |
| District | Kapurthala |
| Founded by | Chaudhary Phaggu Mal Basra |
| Named after | Phagu Da Wara |
| Government | |
| • Type | Democracy |
| • Body | Government of Punjab, India |
| Area | |
• Total | 20 km2 (7.7 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 234 m (768 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 117,954 |
| • Rank | 288 |
| • Density | 6,117/km2 (15,840/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 144401 144402 |
| Telephone code | 01824 |
| Vehicle registration | PB-36 |
| Post office | Phagwara H.O Satnampura S.O |
History
Phagwara was initially a market town in the region of Punjab, founded by Chaudhary Phaggu Mal Basra, a Jatt Jagirdar landlord of the area. In 1635, the Sikh Guru, Guru Hargobind Sahib, visited the city.
Bhai Phaggu, a Gurmukh, Masand, and Sri Guru Amardas Ji devotee, played a pivotal role in the development of Phagwara. Guru Amardas sent Bhai Phaggu to preach Sikhism to the city of Sasaram in Bihar, where Phaggu spent the rest of his life. Guru Teg Bahadur once visited Bhai Phaggu in Bihar and called him Chacha ji, leading to Bhai Phaggu Ji, also known as Chacha Phaggu.
When Guru Hargobind Sahib (the sixth Sikh Guru) visited Phagwara in 1635 to see Bhai Phaggu's home, he was not respected by the townspeople, who opposed Bhai Phaggu. According to local legend, Guru Hargobind Ji exclaimed, “Phagu Da Warra, Bahron Mitha Andra Khara!” Over time, the term “Phagu Da Warra” evolved into “Phagwara,” becoming an enduring part of the region’s identity.
From Akbar's time to till 1803 Basra Jats remained Jagirdars of the Phagwara area, Bhai Phaggus family was the most powerful family of the Punjabi region of Doaba, controlling approximately 240 villages in Phagwara and Banga Tehsils. His descendant, Chaudhary Trilok Chand Basra, was married to Princess Rajinder Kanwar, daughter of Maharaja Ala Singh of Patiala. He was later succeeded by Chaudhary Chuhar Mal Basra, the last chief of the family. Chuhar Mal Basra was defeated by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1803.
Here is an example of a local historical Vaar for Phaggu Mal:
"ਬੋਲੇ ਤੀਜੇ ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹ ਗੁਰ ਪਰਉਪਕਾਰੀ
ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਫੱਗੂ ਮੱਲ ਜੀ ਕਰ ਲਵੋ ਤਿਆਰੀ
ਸੇਵਾ ਲੈਣੀ ਤੁਸੀ ਤੋਂ ਦਿੱਲ ਅਸਾਂ ਨੇ ਧਾਰੀ
ਜਾਵੋ ਸਾਸਾ ਰਾਮ ਨੂੰ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ
ਸਿੱਖੀ ਦਾ ਧੰਨ ਤੁਸਾਂ ਕੋਲ ਹੈ ਬਰਕਤ ਭਾਰੀ
ਸਫਲ ਕਰੇਗਾ ਗਰੇਵਾਲ਼ ਸੇਵਾ ਬਨਵਾਰੀ"
Geography
Phagwara is located in Kapurthala district, in the state of Punjab. The city lies in the Doaba region, situated between the Beas and Sutlej rivers. It has an average elevation of 767 feet (234 m).
Demographics
According to provisional data from the 2011 Indian census, the Phagwara urban agglomeration had a population of 117,954 (62,171 males and 55,783 females) with a literacy rate of 87.43%.
In the 2011 census, the city of Phagwara had a population of 97,864 (51,386 males and 46,478 females). Phagwara had an average literacy rate of 86%, higher than the regional average of 75%. Male literacy was at 89%, while female literacy was at 83%. Up to 10% of Phagwaras population was under 6 years of age.
The table below shows the population of different religious groups in Phagwara, as of the 2011 Indian census.
| Religion | Total | Female | Male |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hindu | 73,845 | 34,877 | 38,968 |
| Sikh | 20,635 | 9,988 | 10,647 |
| Muslim | 1,434 | 663 | 771 |
| Buddhist | 730 | 347 | 383 |
| Christian | 280 | 134 | 146 |
| Jain | 233 | 123 | 110 |
| Other religions | 64 | 27 | 37 |
| Not stated | 643 | 319 | 324 |
| Total | 97,864 | 46,478 | 51,386 |
Politics
The city is part of the Hoshiarpur (Lok Sabha constituency).
| Constituency number | Constituency name | Reserved for (SC/none) |
|---|---|---|
| 29 | Phagwara Assembly Constituency | SC |
Transport
Air
The nearest airport is Sri Guru Ram Das Ji International Airport in Amritsar, located 113 kilometres (70 mi) away from the city, and offers domestic and direct international flights. As of 2011, it is the 12th busiest airport in India by international traffic. Chandigarh Airport is another international airport that is located in Chandigarh, the state capital of Punjab, about 134 kilometres (83 mi) away.
Rail
Phagwara Junction railway station is the main station serving the city. It is a major railway station in the Indian state of Punjab and in North India. The station provides rail connections to many Indian cities. Additionally, Jalandhar Cantonment railway station is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) away, while Ludhiana Junction railway station (the largest in Punjab) is 36 kilometres (22 mi) away.
Road
Phagwara is located on the historic Grand Trunk Road (GT Road), formerly NH 1 and now renumbered as National Highway 44. National Highway 44 is the longest highway in India, connecting Srinagar to Kanyakumari.
Education
- Universities
- Lovely Professional University
- GNA University
- Colleges
- Guru Nanak College
- Pyramid College of Business & Technology
- Kamla Nehru College for Women
- Ramgarhia Institute of Engineering & Technology
- Ramgarhia Polytechnic College
- Ramgarhia College of Education
- Ramgarhia College
- Schools
- Sant Sarwan Dass Model School Hadiabad, Phagwara
- G.D.R. Convent Senior Secondary School
- Government Senior Secondary School (Boys)
- Government Senior Secondary School (Girls)
- Shri Guru Ram Rai Public School, Hoshiarpur Road, Phagwara
- Aman Public School
- Arya Model Senior Secondary School
- St. Joseph's Convent School
- Kamla Nehru Public School
- Swami Sant Dass Public School
- Mele Singh Missionary School
- Cambridge International School
- Saffron Public School
- Tagore Public High School
- Jain Model Senior Secondary School
- Lord Mahavira Jain Public School
- St. Sai Ram Sunrise High School
- New Sunflower High School
- Guru Harkrishan National Model Senior Secondary School
- S.D. Model Senior Secondary School
- MAA Ambay Girls Senior Secondary School
- T.W.E.I. Senior Secondary School
- Ramgarhia Senior Secondary School
- Dehradun International Public School, Bhabiana
- Ramgarhia ITI, Rampur Khalyan
- Kanya Maha Vidyalaya School
- Apple Orchard School
Villages/estates in Phagwara tehsil
- Bhabiana
- Nangal Majha
- Kotli Khakhian
- Madhopur
- Indna Kalaske
- Manawali
- Kheri
- Kheri
- Bhullarai
- Chachoki
- Brahampur, Phagwara
- Lakhpur
- Maheru
- Jagpalpur
- Ranipur Rajputan
- Palahi
- Mayopatti
- Narur
- Panchhat (a Parmar Rajput estate)
- Gandhwan
- Athouli
- Nihalgarh (Nawa Pind)
- Jagatpur Jattan
- Thakar Ki
- Pandwa
- Sangatpur
- Chak Prema
- Dhadday
- Dhadoli
- Bir Dhadoli
- Rawalpindi
- Khatti
- Malikhpur
- Domeli
- Babeli
- Prem Pura
- Khera, Nangal
- Bhanoki
- Bir Puadh
- Rehana Jattan
- Khangura
- Chak Hakim
- Virk
- Mouli
- Chaheru
- Ucha Pind
- Hadiabad
- Kotrani
- Khalwara
- Dhak Pandori
- Chak Hakim
- Drawesh Pind
- Balaloan
- Sahni
- Rampur Sunran
- Sadarpur
- Bazindowal
- Bir Khurampur
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