List of former German colonies

This is a list of former German colonies owned by states of Germany:

Holy Roman Empire and German Confederation

Brandenburg-Prussia

• Groß Friedrichsburg (in Ghana), 1683–1718
• Arguin (in Mauritania), 1685–1721

Duchy of Courland

• Curlander Gambia 1651–1660, 1660–1661
  • St. Andrew's Island
  • Juffure
  • Banjul Island
• Neu-Kurland (on Tobago) 1642–1650, 1654–1659, 1660–1666

Free City of Augsburg

• Klein-Venedig (in Venezuela), 1528–1545

County of Hanau

• Hanauish-Indies, Planned in 1669 but later canceled in 1672

House of Ascania

• Neu-Askania, 1828–1856

German Empire

Africa

The following were German African protectorates:

• Kionga Triangle, 1894–1916
• German South West Africa, 1884–1915
• German West Africa, 1884–1915
  • Togoland, 1884–1916
  • Kamerun, from 1884–1916
  • Kapitaï and Koba, 1884–1885
  • Mahinland, March 11, 1885 – October 24, 1885
• German East Africa, 1885–1918
• Witu Protectorate, 1885–1890
• German Somali Coast, 1885–1888
• German Congo, 1884–1885
• German Katanga, 1886
• Gwandu Protectorate, 1895–1897
• Gulmu Protectorate, 1895–1897
• German South Africa, 1884–1885

China

These treaty ports were German concessions in China, leased to it by the Qing dynasty:

• Kiautschou Bay concession, 1898–1914
• German concession in Tientsin, 1895–1917
• German concession in Hankou, 1895–1917
• Chefoo, 1901–1914
• German Peking Legation, 1900–1917

Pacific

These were German colonies established in the Pacific:

• German New Guinea, 1884–1919
  • Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, 1885–1914
  • Bismarck Archipelago, 1885–1914
  • German Solomon Islands Protectorate, 1885–1914
    • Bougainville Island, 1885–1914
    • Buka Island, 1885–1914
    • Choiseul Island, 1885–1900
    • Shortland Islands, 1885–1900
    • Santa Isabel Island, 1885–1900
  • Nauru, 1906–1914
  • Northern Mariana Islands, 1899–1914
  • Caroline Islands, 1899–1914
  • Palau Islands, 1899–1914
  • Marshall Islands, 1906–1914
• German Samoa, 1900–1914
• Protectorate of the Marshall Islands, 1885–1906
  • Nauru, 1888–1914

Nazi Germany

• Poland (1939–1945)
• Netherlands, 1940–1945
• Norway, 1940–1945
• Belgium and Northern France, 1944
• Ukraine, 1940–1944
• Ostland, 1941–1945

See also

• Ernst Thälmann Island
• German colonial projects before 1871
• German colonization of the Americas
• Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty
• Klein-Venedig
• New Swabia
• Postage stamps and postal history of the German colonies
• Reichskommissariat