List of presidents of India

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The president of India is the head of state of the Republic of India and the supreme commander of the Indian Armed Forces. The president is referred to as the first citizen of India. Although vested with these powers by the Constitution of India, the position is largely a ceremonial one and executive powers are de facto exercised by the prime minister.

  • Top left: Rajendra Prasad was the first and longest-serving president of India.
  • Top right: Zakir Husain was the first from a minority religion to become president of India.
  • Bottom left: Pratibha Patil was the first female president of India.
  • Bottom right: Droupadi Murmu is the current president, youngest president and the first president from a tribal community.

The president is elected by the Electoral College composed of elected members of the parliament houses, the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha, and also members of the Vidhan Sabha, the state legislative assemblies. Presidents may remain in office for a tenure of five years, as stated by article 56, part V, of the Constitution of India. In the case where a president's term of office is terminated early or during the absence of the president, the vice president assumes office. By article 70 of part V, the parliament may decide how to discharge the functions of the president where this is not possible, or in any other unexpected contingency.

There have been 15 presidents of India since the post was established when India was declared as a republic with the adoption of the Indian constitution in 1950. Apart from these fifteen, three acting presidents have also been in office for short periods of time. V. V. Giri became the acting president in 1969 after Zakir Husain died in office. Giri was elected president a few months later. He remains the only person to have held office both as a president and acting president. Rajendra Prasad, the first president of India, is the only person to have held office for two terms.

Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president. Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice presidents served as acting presidents until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V. V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. Pratibha Patil is the first woman to hold the office, elected in 2007.

On 25 July 2022, Droupadi Murmu took office as the president of India, becoming the second woman and the first tribal person to hold the office.

List

This list is numbered based on presidents elected after winning an Indian presidential election. The terms of V. V. Giri, Mohammad Hidayatullah and B. D. Jatti, who served as acting president are therefore not numbered or counted as actual terms in office. The president of India does not represent any political party.



Portrait Name Term of office Election Vice president Party
Rajendra Prasad 26 January 1950 13 May 1962 12 years, 107 days 1952 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Indian National Congress
1957
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 13 May 1962 13 May 1967 5 years, 0 days 1962 Zakir Husain Independent
Zakir Husain† 13 May 1967 3 May 1969 1 year, 355 days 1967 V. V. Giri
V. V. Giri 3 May 1969 20 July 1969 78 days –
Mohammad Hidayatullah 20 July 1969 24 August 1969 35 days –
V. V. Giri 24 August 1969 24 August 1974 5 years, 0 days 1969 Gopal Swarup Pathak Independent
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed† 24 August 1974 11 February 1977 2 years, 171 days 1974 Gopal Swarup Pathak

B. D. Jatti

Indian National Congress
B. D. Jatti 11 February 1977 25 July 1977 164 days –
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 25 July 1977 25 July 1982 5 years, 0 days 1977 B. D. Jatti

Mohammad Hidayatullah

Janata Party
Zail Singh 25 July 1982 25 July 1987 5 years, 0 days 1982 Mohammad Hidayatullah

Ramaswamy Venkataraman

Indian National Congress
Ramaswamy Venkataraman 25 July 1987 25 July 1992 5 years, 0 days 1987 Shankar Dayal Sharma
Shankar Dayal Sharma 25 July 1992 25 July 1997 5 years, 0 days 1992 K. R. Narayanan
K. R. Narayanan 25 July 1997 25 July 2002 5 years, 0 days 1997 Krishan Kant
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 25 July 2002 25 July 2007 5 years, 0 days 2002 Krishan Kant

Bhairon Singh Shekhawat

Independent
Pratibha Patil 25 July 2007 25 July 2012 5 years, 0 days 2007 Hamid Ansari Indian National Congress
Pranab Mukherjee 25 July 2012 25 July 2017 5 years, 0 days 2012
Ram Nath Kovind 25 July 2017 25 July 2022 5 years, 0 days 2017 Hamid Ansari

Venkaiah Naidu

Bharatiya Janata Party
Droupadi Murmu 25 July 2022 Incumbent 3 years, 148 days 2022 Venkaiah Naidu

Jagdeep Dhankhar

C. P. Radhakrishnan

Statistics

  1. Indian National Congress (53.3%)
  2. Independent (26.7%)
  3. Bharatiya Janata Party (13.3%)
  4. Janata Party (6.67%)
Timeline

Lifespan of Presidents

See also

Citations

  1. "President Ram Nath Kovind is India's first citizen. Your chances begin only at Number 27". indiatoday.com. Times of India. 26 July 2017. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  2. "The Constitution of India". Ministry of Law and Justice of India. Archived from the original (.doc) on 5 February 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  3. "India gets first woman president since independence". BBC News. 25 July 2007. Archived from the original on 15 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
  4. "1950: India becomes a republic". BBC News. 26 January 1950. Archived from the original on 17 January 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
  5. Harish Khare (6 December 2006). "Selecting the next Rashtrapati". The Hindu. India. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
  6. Shekhar Iyer (25 June 2007). "Shekhawat will not resign to contest poll". Hindustan Times. India. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  7. "Droupadi Murmu oath taking ceremony LIVE updates: Droupadi Murmu takes oath as India's 15th President". The Times of India. 25 July 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
  8. "The President of India". presidentofindia.gov.in. Retrieved 29 October 2021.

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