This is a list of national capitals, ordered according to population. The population statistics given refer only to the official capital area, and do not include the wider metropolitan/urban district.
Table
- Note: links for each location marked by an asterisk (*) go to the relevant list of cities. Where a list of cities is not available, the links go to the article on the country.
| Country / dependency | Capital | Population | % of country | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| China * | Beijing | 21,858,000 | 1.5% | 2018 |
| Japan * | Tokyo | 14,094,034 | 11.3% | 2023 |
| Russia * | Moscow | 13,274,285 | 9.1% | 2025 |
| DR Congo * | Kinshasa | 12,691,000 | 13.2% | 2017 |
| Indonesia * | Jakarta | 10,562,088 | 3.9% | 2020 |
| Peru * | Lima | 10,151,000 | 30.1% | 2023 |
| Egypt * | Cairo | 10,107,125 | 9.3% | 2022 |
| South Korea * | Seoul | 9,508,451 | 18.3% | 2022 |
| Mexico | Mexico City | 9,209,944 | 7.3% | 2020 |
| United Kingdom * | London | 9,002,488 | 13.4% | 2020 |
| Bangladesh * | Dhaka | 8,906,039 | 5.3% | 2011 |
| Iran * | Tehran | 8,693,706 | 9.9% | 2016 |
| Thailand | Bangkok | 8,305,218 | 11.6% | 2010 |
| Vietnam | Hanoi | 8,053,663 | 8.3% | 2019 |
| Iraq * | Baghdad | 7,682,136 | 17.6% | 2021 |
| Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | 7,676,654 | 21.4% | 2018 |
| Hong Kong (China) | Hong Kong | 7,534,200 | 100% | 2024 |
| Colombia * | Bogotá | 7,181,469 | 13.9% | 2011 |
| Chile * | Santiago | 6,310,000 | 32.4% | 2012 |
| Turkey * | Ankara | 5,747,325 | 6.8% | 2021 |
| Singapore | Singapore | 5,917,600 | 100% | 2023 |
| Afghanistan * | Kabul | 4,601,789 | 11.5% | 2021 |
| Kenya | Nairobi | 4,397,073 | 8.3% | 2019 |
| Jordan | Amman | 4,061,150 | 36.4% | 2021 |
| Algeria * | Algiers | 3,915,811 | 8.9% | 2011 |
| Germany * | Berlin | 3,677,472 | 4.4% | 2021 |
| Spain * | Madrid | 3,305,408 | 7.0% | 2021 |
| Argentina * | Buenos Aires | 3,120,612 | 6.9% | 2022 |
| Ethiopia * | Addis Ababa | 3,040,740 | 2.5% | 2012 |
| Brazil * | Brasília | 2,982,818 | 1.4% | 2024 |
| Guatemala | Guatemala City | 2,934,841 | 16.7% | 2020 |
| South Africa | Pretoria | 2,921,488 | 4.9% | 2011 |
| Ukraine * | Kyiv | 2,920,873 | 6.7% | 2021 |
| North Korea * | Pyongyang | 2,870,000 | 11.1% | 2016 |
| Uzbekistan * | Tashkent | 2,860,600 | 8.4% | 2022 |
| Italy * | Rome | 2,761,632 | 4.7% | 2022 |
| Ecuador | Quito | 2,800,388 | 15.7% | 2020 |
| Cameroon | Yaoundé | 2,765,568 | 10.2% | 2015 |
| Zambia | Lusaka | 2,731,696 | 14.0% | 2020 |
| Sudan * | Khartoum | 2,682,431 | 5.9% | 2012 |
| Taiwan * | Taipei (de facto) | 2,608,332 | 10.9% | 2020 |
| Yemen | Sanaa | 2,575,347 | 7.8% | 2012 |
| Angola | Luanda | 2,571,861 | 7.5% | 2020 |
| Burkina Faso | Ouagadougou | 2,453,496 | 11.1% | 2019 |
| Ghana | Accra | 2,388,000 | 7.3% | 2017 |
| Somalia | Mogadishu | 2,388,000 | 14.0% | 2021 |
| Azerbaijan | Baku | 2,303,100 | 22.3% | 2022 |
| Cambodia | Phnom Penh | 2,281,951 | 13.8% | 2019 |
| Venezuela | Caracas | 2,245,744 | 8.0% | 2016 |
| France * | Paris | 2,139,907 | 3.3% | 2022 |
| Cuba | Havana | 2,132,183 | 18.9% | 2020 |
| Zimbabwe | Harare | 2,123,132 | 13.3% | 2012 |
| Syria | Damascus | 2,079,000 | 9.7% | 2019 |
| Belarus | Minsk | 1,996,553 | 20.8% | 2022 |
| Austria | Vienna | 1,962,779 | 22.0% | 2022 |
| Poland | Warsaw | 1,863,056 | 4.9% | 2021 |
| Philippines * | Manila | 1,846,513 | 1.6% | 2020 |
| Mali | Bamako | 1,809,106 | 8.3% | 2009 |
| Malaysia * | Kuala Lumpur | 1,782,500 | 5.3% | 2019 |
| Romania * | Bucharest | 1,716,983 | 8.9% | 2021 |
| Hungary * | Budapest | 1,706,851 | 17.6% | 2022 |
| Congo | Brazzaville | 1,696,392 | 29.1% | 2015 |
| Serbia * | Belgrade | 1,688,667 | 23.1% | 2021 |
| Uganda | Kampala | 1,680,600 | 3.7% | 2019 |
| Guinea | Conakry | 1,660,973 | 12.3% | 2014 |
| Kazakhstan * | Astana | 1,511,807 | 7.9% | 2024 |
| Mongolia | Ulaanbaatar | 1,466,125 | 43.8% | 2020 |
| Honduras | Tegucigalpa | 1,444,085 | 14.0% | 2021 |
| Senegal | Dakar | 1,438,725 | 8.5% | 2021 |
| Czech Republic * | Prague | 1,357,326 | 12.9% | 2023 |
| Niger * | Niamey | 1,334,984 | 5.3% | 2020 |
| Uruguay | Montevideo | 1,319,108 | 38.5% | 2011 |
| Bulgaria * | Sofia | 1,307,439 | 19.0% | 2021 |
| Oman | Muscat | 1,294,101 | 28.6% | 2021 |
| Madagascar | Antananarivo | 1,275,207 | 4.4% | 2018 |
| Nigeria | Abuja | 1,235,880 | 0.6% | 2011 |
| Georgia | Tbilisi | 1,201,769 | 32.0% | 2022 |
| Mauritania * | Nouakchott | 1,195,600 | 25.9% | 2019 |
| Qatar * | Doha | 1,186,023 | 44.1% | 2020 |
| Libya | Tripoli | 1,170,000 | 17.4% | 2019 |
| Myanmar | Naypyidaw | 1,160,242 | 2.2% | 2014 |
| Rwanda | Kigali | 1,132,686 | 8.4% | 2012 |
| Mozambique | Maputo | 1,124,988 | 3.5% | 2020 |
| Dominican Republic | Santo Domingo | 1,111,838 | 10.0% | 2010 |
| Armenia * | Yerevan | 1,096,100 | 39.3% | 2021 |
| Panama | Panama City | 1,086,990 | 25.0% | 2023 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Bishkek | 1,074,075 | 16.5% | 2021 |
| Sierra Leone | Freetown | 1,055,964 | 12.5% | 2015 |
| Nicaragua | Managua | 1,055,247 | 15.4% | 2020 |
| Canada * | Ottawa | 1,017,449 | 2.7% | 2021 |
| Pakistan * | Islamabad | 1,014,825 | 0.4% | 2017 |
| Liberia | Monrovia | 1,010,970 | 19.5% | 2008 |
| United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | 1,010,092 | 10.8% | 2020 |
| Malawi | Lilongwe | 989,318 | 5.0% | 2018 |
| Haiti | Port-au-Prince | 987,310 | 8.6% | 2015 |
| Sweden * | Stockholm | 978,770 | 9.4% | 2021 |
| Eritrea | Asmara | 963,000 | 26.6% | 2020 |
| Israel * | Jerusalem | 936,425 | 10.5% | 2019 |
| Laos | Vientiane | 927,724 | 12.5% | 2019 |
| Chad | N'Djamena | 916,000 | 5.3% | 2009 |
| Netherlands * | Amsterdam | 905,234 | 5.2% | 2022 |
| Central African Republic | Bangui | 889,231 | 16.3% | 2020 |
| Tajikistan * | Dushanbe | 863,400 | 8.9% | 2020 |
| Nepal * | Kathmandu | 845,767 | 2.8% | 2021 |
| Togo | Lomé | 837,437 | 9.7% | 2010 |
| Turkmenistan | Ashgabat | 791,000 | 12.5% | 2017 |
| Moldova | Chişinău | 779,300 | 25.5% | 2019 |
| Croatia * | Zagreb | 769,944 | 19.0% | 2021 |
| Gabon * | Libreville | 703,904 | 30.1% | 2013 |
| Norway * | Oslo | 697,010 | 12.9% | 2021 |
| Macau (China) | Macau | 671,900 | 100% | 2022 |
| United States * | Washington, D.C. | 670,050 | 0.2% | 2021 |
| Jamaica | Kingston | 662,491 | 23.4% | 2019 |
| Finland * | Helsinki | 658,864 | 11.9% | 2021 |
| Tunisia | Tunis | 638,845 | 5.2% | 2014 |
| Denmark * | Copenhagen | 638,117 | 10.9% | 2021 |
| Greece * | Athens | 637,798 | 6.1% | 2021 |
| Latvia * | Riga | 605,802 | 32.3% | 2021 |
| Djibouti | Djibouti City | 604,013 | 54.6% | 2012 |
| Ireland * | Dublin | 592,713 | 11.9% | 2022 |
| Morocco | Rabat | 577,827 | 1.6% | 2014 |
| Lithuania | Vilnius | 576,195 | 20.7% | 2022 |
| El Salvador | San Salvador | 570,459 | 9.0% | 2019 |
| Albania | Tirana | 557,422 | 19.5% | 2011 |
| North Macedonia | Skopje | 544,086 | 25.9% | 2015 |
| South Sudan * | Juba | 525,953 | 4.9% | 2017 |
| Paraguay | Asunción | 521,559 | 7.8% | 2020 |
| Portugal * | Lisbon | 509,614 | 5.0% | 2020 |
| Guinea-Bissau | Bissau | 492,004 | 23.9% | 2015 |
| Slovakia | Bratislava | 440,948 | 8.1% | 2020 |
| Estonia * | Tallinn | 438,341 | 33.0% | 2021 |
| Australia * | Canberra | 431,380 | 1.7% | 2020 |
| Namibia | Windhoek | 431,000 | 17.0% | 2020 |
| Tanzania | Dodoma | 410,956 | 0.6% | 2012 |
| Papua New Guinea * | Port Moresby | 364,145 | 3.7% | 2011 |
| Ivory Coast | Yamoussoukro | 361,893 | 1.3% | 2020 |
| Lebanon | Beirut | 361,366 | 6.5% | 2014 |
| Bolivia | Sucre | 360,544 | 3.0% | 2022 |
| Puerto Rico (US) | San Juan | 342,259 | 10.5% | 2020 |
| Costa Rica | San José | 342,188 | 6.6% | 2018 |
| Lesotho | Maseru | 330,760 | 14.5% | 2016 |
| Cyprus | Nicosia | 326,739 | 26.3% | 2016 |
| Equatorial Guinea * | Malabo | 297,000 | 18.2% | 2018 |
| Slovenia * | Ljubljana | 285,604 | 13.5% | 2021 |
| Timor-Leste | Dili | 277,279 | 21.0% | 2015 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sarajevo | 275,524 | 8.4% | 2013 |
| Bahamas | Nassau | 274,400 | 67.3% | 2016 |
| Botswana | Gaborone | 273,602 | 10.6% | 2020 |
| Benin | Porto-Novo | 264,320 | 2.0% | 2013 |
| India * | New Delhi | 249,998 | 0.0% | 2011 |
| Suriname | Paramaribo | 240,924 | 39.3% | 2012 |
| Kosovo * | Pristina | 227,466 | 14.3% | 2024 |
| Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | Laayoune (claimed) Tifariti (de facto) | 217,732 3,000 | — | 2014 |
| New Zealand * | Wellington | 217,000 | 4.2% | 2021 |
| Maldives * | Malé | 211,908 | 40.6% | 2022 |
| Bahrain | Manama | 200,000 | 13.7% | 2020 |
| Montenegro * | Podgorica | 190,488 | 30.3% | 2020 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 187,686 | 1.6% | 2022 |
| Cape Verde | Praia | 159,050 | 27.1% | 2017 |
| Mauritius | Port Louis | 147,066 | 11.3% | 2018 |
| Curaçao (Netherlands) | Willemstad | 136,660 | 71.8% | 2011 |
| Luxembourg * | Luxembourg City | 136,208 | 21.3% | 2025 |
| Burundi | Gitega | 135,467 | 1.1% | 2020 |
| Switzerland * | Bern (de facto) | 134,591 | 1.5% | 2020 |
| Transnistria | Tiraspol | 133,807 | 38.5% | 2015 |
| Iceland * | Reykjavík | 133,262 | 36.0% | 2021 |
| Guyana | Georgetown | 118,363 | 14.7% | 2012 |
| Bhutan | Thimphu | 114,551 | 14.7% | 2017 |
| Comoros | Moroni | 111,326 | 13.5% | 2016 |
| Barbados | Bridgetown | 110,000 | 39.1% | 2014 |
| Sri Lanka | Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte | 107,925 | 0.5% | 2012 |
| Brunei | Bandar Seri Begawan | 100,700 | 22.6% | 2007 |
| Eswatini | Mbabane | 94,874 | 8.0% | 2010 |
| New Caledonia (France) | Nouméa | 94,285 | 32.8% | 2019 |
| Fiji | Suva | 93,970 | 10.2% | 2017 |
| Solomon Islands | Honiara | 92,344 | 13.0% | 2021 |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | São Tomé | 71,868 | 32.2% | 2015 |
| Kiribati | Tarawa | 70,480 | 54.7% | 2020 |
| Kuwait | Kuwait City | 55,159 | 1.3% | 2021 |
| Vanuatu | Port Vila | 51,437 | 16.1% | 2016 |
| Northern Mariana Islands (USA) | Saipan | 47,565 | 96.1% | 2017 |
| Samoa | Apia | 41,611 | 19.0% | 2021 |
| Palestine | Ramallah (de facto) | 38,998 | 0.8% | 2017 |
| Monaco | Monaco | 38,350 | 100% | 2020 |
| Jersey (UK) | Saint Helier | 37,540 | 34.2% | 2018 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Port of Spain | 37,074 | 2.4% | 2011 |
| Cayman Islands (UK) | George Town | 34,399 | 50.5% | 2021 |
| Gibraltar (UK) | Gibraltar | 34,003 | 100% | 2020 |
| Grenada | St. George's | 33,734 | 27.1% | 2012 |
| Gambia | Banjul | 31,301 | 1.2% | 2013 |
| Aruba (Netherlands) | Oranjestad | 28,294 | 26.6% | 2010 |
| Isle of Man (UK) | Douglas | 27,938 | 33.2% | 2011 |
| Marshall Islands | Majuro | 27,797 | 66.1% | 2011 |
| Tonga | Nukuʻalofa | 27,600 | 26.0% | 2022 |
| Seychelles | Victoria | 26,450 | 24.8% | 2010 |
| French Polynesia (France) | Papeete | 26,926 | 8.9% | 2017 |
| Andorra | Andorra la Vella | 22,873 | 28.9% | 2022 |
| Faroe Islands * (Denmark) | Tórshavn | 22,738 | 43.0% | 2022 |
| Antigua and Barbuda * | St. John's | 22,219 | 23.8% | 2011 |
| Belize | Belmopan | 20,621 | 5.2% | 2016 |
| Saint Lucia | Castries | 20,000 | 11.1% | 2013 |
| Guernsey (UK) | Saint Peter Port | 18,958 | 30.1% | 2019 |
| Greenland (Denmark) | Nuuk | 18,800 | 33.4% | 2021 |
| Dominica | Roseau | 14,725 | 20.3% | 2011 |
| U.S. Virgin Islands (US) | Charlotte Amalie | 14,477 | 14.5% | 2020 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Basseterre | 14,000 | 29.4% | 2018 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Kingstown | 12,909 | 12.4% | 2012 |
| British Virgin Islands (UK) | Road Town | 12,603 | 40.5% | 2012 |
| Åland (Finland) | Mariehamn | 11,736 | 39.0% | 2021 |
| Micronesia | Palikir | 6,647 | 5.9% | 2010 |
| Tuvalu | Funafuti | 6,320 | 56.4% | 2017 |
| Malta | Valletta | 5,827 | 1.1% | 2019 |
| Liechtenstein | Vaduz | 5,774 | 14.8% | 2021 |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) | Saint-Pierre | 5,394 | 91.7% | 2019 |
| Cook Islands | Avarua | 4,906 | 28.9% | 2016 |
| San Marino | City of San Marino | 4,061 | 12.0% | 2021 |
| Turks and Caicos Islands (UK) | Cockburn Town | 3,720 | 8.2% | 2016 |
| American Samoa (USA) | Pago Pago | 3,656 | 8.1% | 2010 |
| Saint Martin (France) | Marigot | 3,229 | 10.1% | 2017 |
| Saint Barthélemy (France) | Gustavia | 2,615 | 24.1% | 2010 |
| Falkland Islands (UK) | Stanley | 2,460 | 65.4% | 2016 |
| Svalbard (Norway) | Longyearbyen | 2,417 | 82.2% | 2020 |
| Sint Maarten (Netherlands) | Philipsburg | 1,894 | 4.3% | 2011 |
| Christmas Island (Australia) | Flying Fish Cove | 1,599 | 86.8% | 2016 |
| Anguilla (UK) | The Valley | 1,067 | 6.8% | 2011 |
| Guam (US) | Hagåtña | 1,051 | 0.6% | 2010 |
| Wallis and Futuna (France) | Mata Utu | 1,029 | 8.9% | 2018 |
| Bermuda (UK) | Hamilton | 854 | 1.3% | 2016 |
| Nauru | Yaren (de facto) | 747 | 6.0% | 2011 |
| Saint Helena (UK) | Jamestown | 629 | 11.6% | 2016 |
| Niue | Alofi | 597 | 30.8% | 2017 |
| Tokelau (NZ) | Atafu | 541 | 29.3% | 2016 |
| Vatican City | Vatican City | 764 | 100% | 2023 |
| Montserrat (UK) | Brades (de facto) Plymouth (de jure) | 449 0 | — | 2011 |
| Norfolk Island (Australia) | Kingston | 341 | 19.5% | 2015 |
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia) | West Island | 134 | 24.6% | 2011 |
| Pitcairn Islands (UK) | Adamstown | 40 | 100% | 2021 |
| South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK) | King Edward Point | 22 | 73.3% | 2018 |
| Palau | Ngerulmud | 0 | 0.0% | 2020 |
See also
- Capital city
- List of countries whose capital is not their largest city
- List of capitals outside the territories they serve
- List of national capitals by latitude
- List of countries and dependencies by population
- List of towns and cities with 100,000 or more inhabitants
- List of population concern organizations
- List of national capitals
- List of national capitals by area
Notes
- The Jerusalem Law states that "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel" and the city serves as the seat of the government, home to the President's residence, government offices, supreme court, and parliament. The United Nations and most countries do not accept the Jerusalem Law and maintain their embassies in other cities such as Tel Aviv, Ramat Gan, and Herzliya (see the CIA Factbook and Map of Israel) The Palestinian Authority sees East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state and the city's final status awaits future negotiations between Israel and the Palestinian Authority (see "Negotiating Jerusalem", University of Maryland Archived 2006-05-14 at the Wayback Machine). See Positions on Jerusalem for more information.
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