After campaigning against the foreign policy of the Beaconsfield ministry, William Ewart Gladstone led the Liberal Party to victory in the 1880 general election. The nominal leader of the Party, Spencer Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington, resigned in Gladstone's favour and Gladstone was appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a second time by Queen Victoria. He pursued a policy of parliamentary reform, but his government became wildly unpopular after the death of General Gordon in 1885. Gladstone was held responsible, and resigned, leaving the way free for the Conservatives under Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury to form a government.
Second Gladstone ministry | |
|---|---|
| 1880–1885 | |
Gladstone (1879) | |
| Date formed | 23 April 1880 |
| Date dissolved | 9 June 1885 |
| People and organisations | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | William Ewart Gladstone |
| Total no. of members | 118 appointments |
| Member party | Liberal Party |
| Status in legislature | Majority |
| Opposition party | Conservative Party |
| Opposition leaders |
|
| History | |
| Election | 1880 general election |
| Legislature terms | |
| Predecessor | Second Disraeli ministry |
| Successor | First Salisbury ministry |
Cabinet; April 1880 – June 1885
| Office | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|
| First Lord of the Treasury Leader of the House of Commons | William Ewart Gladstone | April 1880 – June 1885 |
| Lord Chancellor | Roundell Palmer, 1st Baron Selborne† | April 1880 – June 1885 |
| Lord President of the Council | John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer | April 1880 – March 1883 |
| Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford | March 1883 – June 1885 | |
| Lord Privy Seal | George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll | April 1880 – May 1881 |
| Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford | May 1881 – March 1885 | |
| Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | March 1885 – June 1885 | |
| Home Secretary | Sir William Harcourt | April 1880 – June 1885 |
| Foreign Secretary Leader of the House of Lords | Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville | April 1880 – June 1885 |
| Secretary of State for the Colonies | John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley | April 1880 – December 1882 |
| Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby | December 1882 – June 1885 | |
| Secretary of State for War | Hugh Childers | April 1880 – December 1882 |
| Spencer Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington | December 1882 – June 1885 | |
| Secretary of State for India | Spencer Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington | April 1880 – December 1882 |
| John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley | December 1882 – June 1885 | |
| Chancellor of the Exchequer | William Ewart Gladstone | April 1880 – December 1882 |
| Hugh Childers | December 1882 – June 1885 | |
| First Lord of the Admiralty | Thomas George Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook | April 1880 – June 1885 |
| President of the Board of Trade | Joseph Chamberlain | April 1880 – June 1885 |
| President of the Local Government Board | John George Dodson | April 1880 – December 1882 |
| Sir Charles Dilke | December 1882 – June 1885 | |
| Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster | John Bright | April 1880 – July 1882 |
| John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley | July 1882 – December 1882 | |
| John George Dodson | December 1882 – October 1884 | |
| George Otto Trevelyan | October 1884 – June 1885 | |
| Postmaster General | Henry Fawcett | 3 May 1880 – 6 November 1884[citation needed] |
| George John Shaw-Lefevre | 7 November 1884 – 9 June 1885[citation needed] | |
| Chief Secretary for Ireland | William Edward Forster | April 1880 – May 1882 |
| successor not in the cabinet | ||
| Lord Lieutenant of Ireland | John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer | April 1882 – June 1885 |
†Created Earl of Selborne in 1882.
Notes
- William Gladstone served as both First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer between April 1880 and December 1882.
- The Earl Spencer served as both Lord President and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland between April 1882 and March 1883.
- The Earl of Kimberley served as both Colonial Secretary and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between July and December 1882.
- The Lord Carlingford served as both Lord Privy Seal and Lord President between March 1883 and March 1885.
Changes
- May 1881: Lord Carlingford succeeds the Duke of Argyll as Lord Privy Seal.
- April 1882: Earl Spencer becomes Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, but retains his seat in the cabinet and his position as Lord President.
- May 1882: William Edward Forster resigns as Chief Secretary for Ireland. His successor is not in the cabinet.
- July 1882: The Earl of Kimberley succeeds John Bright as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster remaining also Colonial Secretary.
- December 1882: Hugh Childers succeeds William Gladstone as Chancellor of the Exchequer. Lord Hartington succeeds Childers as Secretary for War. Kimberley succeeds Hartington as Secretary for India. The Earl of Derby succeeds Kimberley as Colonial Secretary. John George Dodson succeeds Kimberley as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Sir Charles Dilke succeeds Dodson as President of the Local Government Board.
- March 1883: Carlingford succeeds Spencer as Lord President, remaining also Lord Privy Seal. Spencer remains in the Cabinet as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
- October 1884: George Otto Trevelyan succeeds Dodson as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.
- March 1885: The Earl of Rosebery succeeds Carlingford as Lord Privy Seal. Carlingford remains Lord President. George John Shaw-Lefevre enters the cabinet as Postmaster-General.[citation needed]
List of ministers
Cabinet members are listed in bold face.
| Office | Name | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister, First Lord of the Treasury and Leader of the House of Commons | William Ewart Gladstone | 23 April 1880 – 9 June 1885 |
| Chancellor of the Exchequer | William Ewart Gladstone | 28 April 1880 |
| Hugh Childers | 16 December 1882 | |
| Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury | Lord Richard Grosvenor | 28 April 1880 |
| Financial Secretary to the Treasury | Lord Frederick Cavendish | 28 April 1880 |
| Leonard Courtney | 8 May 1882 | |
| John Tomlinson Hibbert | 12 December 1884 | |
| Junior Lords of the Treasury | Sir Arthur Hayter | 5 May 1880 – 26 June 1882 |
| John Holms | 5 May 1880 – 26 June 1882 | |
| Charles Cecil Cotes | 5 May 1880 – 9 June 1885 | |
| Herbert Gladstone | 24 August 1881 – 9 June 1885 | |
| Robert Duff | 26 June 1882 – 9 June 1885 | |
| Lord Chancellor | Roundell Palmer, 1st Baron Selborne | 28 April 1880 |
| Lord President of the Council | John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer | 28 April 1880 |
| Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford | 19 March 1883 | |
| Lord Privy Seal | George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll | 28 April 1880 |
| Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford | 2 May 1881 | |
| Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | 5 March 1885 | |
| Secretary of State for the Home Department | Sir William Vernon Harcourt | 28 April 1880 |
| Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department | Arthur Wellesley Peel | 28 April 1880 |
| Leonard Courtney | 1 January 1881 | |
| Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | 8 August 1881 | |
| John Tomlinson Hibbert | 7 June 1883 | |
| Henry Fowler | 12 December 1884 | |
| Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Leader of the House of Lords | Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville | 28 April 1880 |
| Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | Sir Charles Dilke, 2nd Baronet | 28 April 1880 |
| Lord Edmond FitzMaurice | 1 January 1883 | |
| Secretary of State for War | Hugh Childers | 28 April 1880 |
| Spencer Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington | 16 December 1882 | |
| Under-Secretary of State for War | Albert Parker, 3rd Earl of Morley | 1 May 1880 |
| Financial Secretary to the War Office | Henry Campbell-Bannerman | 28 April 1880 |
| Arthur Hayter | 13 May 1882 | |
| Surveyor-General of the Ordnance | Sir John Miller Adye | 1 June 1880 |
| Henry Brand | 17 January 1882 | |
| Secretary of State for the Colonies | John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley | 28 April 1880 |
| Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby | 16 December 1882 | |
| Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies | Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Duff | 29 August 1880 |
| Leonard Courtney | 6 August 1881 | |
| Evelyn Ashley | 12 May 1882 | |
| Secretary of State for India | Spencer Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington | 28 April 1880 |
| John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley | 16 December 1882 | |
| Under-Secretary of State for India | Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne | 29 April 1880 |
| George Byng, Viscount Enfield | 1 September 1880 | |
| John Kynaston Cross | 16 January 1883 | |
| First Lord of the Admiralty | Thomas Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook | 28 April 1880 |
| Parliamentary Secretary to the Admiralty | George Shaw-Lefevre | 28 April 1880 |
| George Trevelyan | 29 November 1880 | |
| Henry Campbell-Bannerman | 10 May 1882 | |
| Sir Thomas Brassey | 23 October 1884 | |
| Civil Lord of the Admiralty | Thomas Brassey | 12 May 1880 |
| George Wightwick Rendel | 22 July 1882 | |
| Chief Secretary for Ireland | William Edward Forster | 30 April 1880 |
| Lord Frederick Cavendish | 6 May 1882 | |
| George Trevelyan | 9 May 1882 | |
| Henry Campbell-Bannerman | 23 October 1884 | |
| Lord Lieutenant of Ireland | Francis Cowper, 7th Earl Cowper | 4 May 1880 |
| John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer | 4 May 1882 | |
| Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster | John Bright | 28 April 1880 |
| John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley | 25 July 1882 | |
| John George Dodson | 28 December 1882 | |
| George Trevelyan | 29 October 1884 | |
| President of the Local Government Board | John George Dodson | 3 May 1880 |
| Sir Charles Dilke, 2nd Baronet | 28 December 1882 | |
| Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board | John Tomlinson Hibbert | 3 May 1880 |
| George W. E. Russell | 7 June 1883 | |
| Postmaster-General | Henry Fawcett | 3 May 1880 |
| George Shaw-Lefevre | 7 November 1884 | |
| President of the Board of Trade | Joseph Chamberlain | 3 May 1880 |
| Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade | Evelyn Ashley | 29 April 1880 |
| John Holms | 15 May 1882 | |
| First Commissioner of Works | William Patrick Adam | 3 May 1880 |
| George Shaw-Lefevre | 29 November 1881 | |
| Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | 13 February 1885 | |
| Vice-President of the Committee on Education | A. J. Mundella | 3 May 1880 |
| Paymaster General | George Glyn, 2nd Baron Wolverton | 24 May 1880 |
| Attorney General | Sir Henry James | 3 May 1880 |
| Solicitor General | Sir Farrer Herschell | 3 May 1880 |
| Judge Advocate General | George Osborne Morgan | 7 May 1880 |
| Lord Advocate | John McLaren | 5 May 1880 |
| John Balfour | 19 August 1881 | |
| Solicitor General for Scotland | John Balfour | 6 May 1880 |
| Alexander Asher | 19 August 1881 | |
| Attorney General for Ireland | Hugh Law | 10 May 1880 |
| William Moore Johnson | 17 November 1881 | |
| Andrew Marshall Porter | 3 January 1883 | |
| John Naish | 19 December 1883 | |
| Samuel Walker | 1885 | |
| Solicitor General for Ireland | William Moore Johnson | 24 May 1880 |
| Andrew Marshall Porter | 18 November 1881 | |
| John Naish | 9 January 1883 | |
| Samuel Walker | 19 December 1883 | |
| Hugh Hyacinth O'Rorke MacDermot | 1885 | |
| Lord Steward of the Household | John Townshend, 1st Earl Sydney | 3 May 1880 |
| Lord Chamberlain of the Household | Valentine Browne, 4th Earl of Kenmare | 3 May 1880 |
| Vice-Chamberlain of the Household | Lord Charles Bruce | 3 May 1880 |
| Master of the Horse | Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster | 3 May 1880 |
| Treasurer of the Household | Gavin Campbell, 7th Earl of Breadalbane | 3 May 1880 |
| Comptroller of the Household | William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington | 3 May 1880 |
| Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms | Alexander Duff, 6th Earl Fife | 3 May 1880 |
| Charles Gordon, 11th Marquess of Huntly | 21 January 1881 | |
| Charles Wynn-Carington, 3rd Baron Carrington | 27 June 1881 | |
| Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard | William Monson, 7th Baron Monson | 3 May 1880 |
| Master of the Buckhounds | Richard Boyle, 9th Earl of Cork | 3 May 1880 |
| Mistress of the Robes | Elizabeth Russell, Duchess of Bedford | 3 May 1880 |
| Anne Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe | 11 January 1883 | |
| Lords in Waiting | Frederick Methuen, 2nd Baron Methuen | 10 May 1880 – 9 June 1885 |
| Lawrence Dundas, 3rd Earl of Zetland | 10 May 1880 – 14 September 1880 | |
| William Hare, 3rd Earl of Listowel | 10 May 1880 – 14 September 1880 | |
| Thomas Lister, 4th Baron Ribblesdale | 10 May 1880 – 9 June 1885 | |
| Charles Hanbury-Tracy, 4th Baron Sudeley | 10 May 1880 – 9 June 1885 | |
| Arthur Wrottesley, 3rd Baron Wrottesley | 10 May 1880 – 9 June 1885 | |
| George Byng, Viscount Enfield | 20 May 1880 – 1 September 1880 | |
| George Byng, 7th Viscount Torrington | 23 June 1859 – 27 April 1884 | |
| John William Ramsay, 13th Earl of Dalhousie | 14 September 1880 – 9 June 1885 | |
| William Mansfield, 2nd Baron Sandhurst | 14 September 1880 – 9 June 1885 | |
| Thomas Hovell-Thurlow-Cumming-Bruce, 5th Baron Thurlow | 14 September 1880 – 9 June 1885 | |
| Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport (1814-1904) | 30 June 1884 – 18 February 1901 | |
| Extra Lord in Waiting | Mortimer Sackville-West, 1st Baron Sackville | 1 October 1876 – 1 October 1888 |
- Notes
- Created Earl of Selborne on 30 December 1882.
- Permanent.
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