The prime minister of Spain is the head of government of Spain. There is no specific date as to when the office of prime minister first appeared as the role was not created, but rather evolved over a period of time through a merger of duties. Modern historians have not managed to agree who the first prime minister of Spain was, but Francisco Martínez de la Rosa was the first prime minister recognized by a constitutional law (the Spanish Royal Statute of 1834).
- Top left: Francisco Martínez de la Rosa was the first prime minister constitutionally referred to as such.
- Top right: Francisco Franco was the person serving the longest as head of government, under his own dictatorship.
- Bottom left: Felipe González was the longest serving democratically-elected prime minister.
- Bottom right: Pedro Sánchez is the current prime minister.
In contemporary Spain, the first prime minister of the Kingdom of Spain since the approval of the Constitution of 1978 was Adolfo Suárez. Due to the gradual evolution of the post, the title has been applied to early prime ministers retroactively. The following list therefore includes those who have been referred to as various other titles since the creation of the Council of Ministers in 1823.
Since the reign of Philip V, prime ministers have received several names, such as First Secretary of State (until 1834), President of the Council of Ministers (1834–1868; 1874–1923; 1925–1939), President of the Executive Power (1874) or President of the Government (1973–present), among others. Between 1938 and 1973, the post of President of the Government was personally linked to the person serving as Head of State.
Before 1823
There is no specific date when the office of prime minister first appeared as the role was not created, but rather evolved over a period of time through merger of duties. The government was led by a Valido, a favourite of the Monarch or the ruling Regent. Since 1621, there was also a Secretary of State of the Universal Bureau (Secretario de Estado y del Despacho Universal), but this seems to have been rather a subordinate position.
Later, the reforms introduced by Phillip V in the 1710s established several secretaries of state for specific government areas, and the secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Secretario de Estado y del Despacho de Estado) was eventually known as the First Secretary of State due to its de facto role as primer minister. This position was consolidated with the establishment of the Council of Ministers in 1823 which the First Secretary of State chaired over in the king's absence, and in 1834 the First Secretary of State became known as President of the Council of Ministers.
Secretaries of State and the Universal Bureau
| Picture | Name | From | Until | Monarch (Reign) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pedro Fernández del Campo y Salvatierra, Marquis of Mejorada | 11 July 1705 | 15 April 1714 | King Philip V (1700–1724) | |
| Manuel de Vadillo y Velasco | 15 April 1714 | 30 November 1714 | ||
| José de Grimaldo y Gutiérrez de Solórzano Marquis of Grimaldo (1st time) | 30 November 1714 | 14 January 1724 | ||
| Juan Bautista de Orendáin y Azpilicueta (1st time) | 14 January 1724 | 4 September 1724 | King Louis I (1724) | |
| José de Grimaldo y Gutiérrez de Solórzano Marquis of Grimaldo (2nd time) | 4 September 1724 | 12 December 1725 | King Philip V (1724–1746) | |
| Juan Guillermo Ripperdá Duke and Baron of Ripperdá | 12 December 1725 | 14 April 1726 | ||
| José de Grimaldo y Gutiérrez de Solórzano Marquis of Grimaldo (3rd time) | 14 April 1726 | 1 October 1726 | ||
| Juan Bautista de Orendáin y Azpilicueta Marquis of la Paz (2nd time) | 1 October 1726 | 21 October 1734 |
First Secretaries of State
| Picture | Name | From | Until | Monarch (Reign) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| José de Patiño y Rosales | 21 October 1734 | 3 November 1736 | King Philip V (1724–1746) | |
| Sebastián de la Cuadra y Llerena 1st Marquis of Villarías | 26 November 1736 | 4 December 1746 | ||
| José de Carvajal y Lancáster | 4 December 1746 | 9 April 1754 | King Ferdinand VI (1746–1759) | |
| Fernando de Silva Mendoza y Toledo Duke of Huéscar Acting First Secretary of State | 9 April 1754 | 15 May 1754 | ||
| Ricardo Wall y Devreux | 15 May 1754 | 10 August 1759 | ||
| 10 August 1759 | 9 October 1763 | King Charles III (1759–1788) | ||
| Pablo Jerónimo de Grimaldi y Pallavicini Duke of Grimaldi | 9 October 1763 | 19 February 1777 | ||
| José Moñino y Redondo Count of Floridablanca | 19 February 1777 | 14 December 1788 | ||
| 14 December 1788 | 28 February 1792 | King Charles IV (1788–1808) | ||
| Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea y Ximénez de Urrea Count of Aranda Acting First Secretary of State | 28 February 1792 | 15 November 1792 | ||
| Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria Ríos Duke of Alcudia | 15 November 1792 | 28 March 1798 | ||
| Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis Acting First Secretary of State until 6 September 1798 | 30 March 1798 | 21 February 1799 | ||
| Mariano Luis de Urquijo y Muga Acting First Secretary of State | 12 February 1799 | 13 December 1799 | ||
| Pedro Cevallos Guerra (1st time) | 13 December 1799 | 3 March 1808 | ||
| Gonzalo O'Farrill y Herrera Acting First Secretary of State | 3 March 1808 | 19 March 1808 | ||
| Pedro Cevallos Guerra (2nd time) | 19 March 1808 | 7 July 1808 | King Ferdinand VII (1808) | |
| Mariano Luis de Urquijo y Muga (2nd time) | 7 July 1808 | 27 June 1813 | King Joseph I (1808–1813) | |
| Juan O'Donojú O'Ryan Acting First Secretary of State | 10 October 1813 | 17 October 1813 | ||
| Fernando de Laserna Acting First Secretary of State | 17 October 1813 | 3 December 1813 | ||
| José Luyando Acting First Secretary of State | 3 December 1813 | 4 May 1814 | King Ferdinand VII (1813–1833) | |
| José Miguel de Carvajal-Vargas y Manrique de Lara Duke of San Carlos | 4 May 1814 | 15 November 1814 | ||
| Pedro Cevallos Guerra (3rd time) | 15 November 1814 | 24 January 1816 | ||
| Juan Esteban Lozano de Torres | 24 January 1816 | 26 January 1816 | ||
| Pedro Cevallos Guerra (4th time) | 26 January 1816 | 30 October 1816 | ||
| José García de León y Pizarro | 30 October 1816 | 14 September 1818 | ||
| Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón Marquis of Casa Irujo Acting First Secretary of State | 14 September 1818 | 12 June 1819 | ||
| Manuel González Salmón y Gómez de Torres Acting First Secretary of State | 12 June 1819 | 12 September 1819 | ||
| Joaquín José Melgarejo y Saurín Duke of San Fernando de Quiroga | 12 September 1819 | 18 March 1820 | ||
| Juan Jabat Aztal Acting First Secretary of State | 18 March 1820 | |||
| Evaristo Pérez de Castro y Brito | 18 March 1820 | 2 March 1821 | ||
| Joaquín Anduaga Cuenca Acting First Secretary of State | 2 March 1821 | 23 April 1821 | ||
| Francisco de Paula Escudero Acting First Secretary of State | 23 April 1821 | |||
| Eusebio Bardají y Azara | 23 April 1821 | 8 January 1822 | ||
| Ramón López Pelegrín Acting First Secretary of State | 8 January 1822 | 24 January 1822 | ||
| José Gabriel de Silva y Bazán Marquis of Santa Cruz | 24 January 1822 | 30 January 1822 | ||
| Ramón López Pelegrín Acting First Secretary of State | 30 January 1822 | 28 February 1822 | ||
| Francisco Martínez de la Rosa | 28 February 1822 | 5 August 1822 | ||
| Evaristo Fernández San Miguel y Valledor Acting First Secretary of State from 28 February 1822 | 5 August 1822 | 25 April 1823 | ||
| José Manuel Vadillo Acting First Secretary of State | 25 April 1823 | 7 May 1823 | ||
| Santiago Usoz y Mozi Acting First Secretary of State | 7 May 1823 | 13 May 1823 | ||
| José María Pando de la Riva y Ramírez de Laredo | 13 May 1823 | 29 August 1823 | ||
| Luis María de Salazar y Salazar Acting First Secretary of State | 29 August 1823 | 4 September 1823 | ||
| Juan Antonio Yandiola Garay Acting First Secretary of State | 4 September 1823 | 6 September 1823 | ||
| José Luyando (2nd time) | 6 September 1823 | 1 October 1823 | ||
| Víctor Damián Sáez y Sánchez-Mayor Acting First Secretary of State until 7 August 1823 (counter-government until 1 October 1823.) | 25 April 1823 | 19 November 1823 | ||
List of officeholders
Office title
- First Secretary of State (1823–1834)
- President of the Council of Ministers (1834–1868; 1869–1873; 1874–1923; 1925–1931; 1931–1939)
- President of the Provisional Government and of the Council of Ministers (1868–1869)
- President of the Executive Power (1869; 1873–1874)
- Head of the Government and President of the Military Directory (1923–1925)
- President of the Provisional Government (1931)
- Head of State and President of the Government (1938–1973)
- President of the Government (1973–present)
Kingdom of Spain (1823–1868)
Governments:
- Absolutist
- Moderate
- Progressive
- Young Spain
- Liberal Union
- Mixed coalition
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Party | Government Composition | Election | Head of State (Tenure) | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
| Víctor Damián Sáez (1776–1839) | 19 November 1823 | 2 December 1823 | 13 days | Nonpartisan | Sáez | N/A | King Ferdinand VII (1813–1833) | |||
| Carlos Martínez de Irujo Marquis of Casa Irujo (1763–1824) | 2 December 1823 | 25 December 1823 | 23 days | Irujo | ||||||
| Narciso Heredia Count of Ofalia (1775–1847) | 25 December 1823 | 11 July 1824 | 199 days | Ofalia I | ||||||
| Francisco Cea Bermúdez (1779–1850) | 11 July 1824 | 24 October 1825 | 1 year, 105 days | Cea Bermúdez I | ||||||
| Captain General Pedro de Alcántara Álvarez de Toledo 13th Duke of the Infantado (1768–1841) | 24 October 1825 | 19 August 1826 | 299 days | Infantado | ||||||
| Manuel González Salmón (1778–1832) | 19 August 1826 | 18 January 1832† | 5 years, 152 days | Salmón | ||||||
| Antonio de Saavedra 7th Count of la Alcudia (interim) (1777–1842) | 20 January 1832 | 1 October 1832 | 255 days | Alcudia (interim) | ||||||
| Francisco Cea Bermúdez (1779–1850) | 1 October 1832 | 15 January 1834 | 1 year, 106 days | Cea Bermúdez II | ||||||
| Queen Regent Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | ||||||||||
| Francisco Martínez de la Rosa (1787–1862) | 15 January 1834 | 7 June 1835 | 1 year, 143 days | Moderate | Martínez de la Rosa PMod | |||||
| 1834 | ||||||||||
| José María Queipo de Llano 7th Count of Toreno (1786–1843) | 7 June 1835 | 14 September 1835 | 99 days | Toreno PMod | ||||||
| Miguel Ricardo de Álava (1772–1843) | 14 September 1835 | 25 September 1835 | 11 days | Progressive | Álava–Mendizabal PProg | |||||
| Juan Álvarez Mendizábal (interim) (1790–1853) | 25 September 1835 | 15 May 1836 | 233 days | |||||||
| Feb. 1836 | ||||||||||
| Francisco Javier de Istúriz (1790–1871) | 15 May 1836 | 14 August 1836 | 91 days | Moderate | Istúriz I PMod | |||||
| Jul. 1836 | ||||||||||
| José María Calatrava (1781–1846) | 14 August 1836 | 10 March 1837 | 208 days | Progressive | Calatrava PProg | |||||
| Oct. 1836 | ||||||||||
| During this interval, Minister of State Ildefonso Díez de Rivera served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| José María Calatrava (1781–1846) | 3 April 1837 | 18 August 1837 | 137 days | Progressive | ||||||
| Lieutenant General Baldomero Espartero Count of Luchana (1793–1879) | 18 August 1837 | 18 October 1837 | 61 days | Espartero I PProg | ||||||
| 1837 | ||||||||||
| Eusebio Bardají Azara (1776–1842) | 18 October 1837 | 16 December 1837 | 59 days | Moderate | Bardají PMod | |||||
| Narciso Heredia Count of Ofalia (1775–1847) | 16 December 1837 | 6 September 1838 | 264 days | Ofalia II PMod | ||||||
| Bernardino Fernández de Velasco 14th Duke of Frías (1783–1851) | 6 September 1838 | 9 December 1838 | 94 days | Frías PMod | ||||||
| Evaristo Pérez de Castro (1778–1849) | 9 December 1838 | 20 July 1840 | 1 year, 224 days | Pérez de Castro PMod | ||||||
| 1839 | ||||||||||
| 1840 | ||||||||||
| Antonio González (1792–1876) | 20 July 1840 | 12 August 1840 | 23 days | Progressive | González I PProg | |||||
| Lieutenant General Valentín Ferraz (1792–1866) | 12 August 1840 | 28 August 1840 | 16 days | Ferraz PProg | ||||||
| Modesto Cortázar (interim) (1783–1862) | 29 August 1840 | 11 September 1840 | 13 days | Cortázar (interim) PProg | ||||||
| Vicente Sancho (1784–1860) | 11 September 1840 | 16 September 1840 | 5 days | Sancho PProg | ||||||
| Captain General Baldomero Espartero Duke of la Victoria and Morella (1793–1879) | 16 September 1840 | 10 May 1841 | 236 days | Espartero II PProg | ||||||
| Regent Baldomero Espartero (1840–1843) | ||||||||||
| 1841 | ||||||||||
| Joaquín María Ferrer (1777–1861) | 10 May 1841 | 20 May 1841 | 10 days | Progressive (Esparterist) | Ferrer PProg | |||||
| Antonio González (1792–1876) | 20 May 1841 | 17 June 1842 | 1 year, 28 days | González II PProg | ||||||
| Captain General José Ramón Rodil Marquis of Rodil (1789–1853) | 17 June 1842 | 9 May 1843 | 326 days | Rodil PProg | ||||||
| Feb. 1843 | ||||||||||
| Joaquín María López (1798–1855) | 9 May 1843 | 19 May 1843 | 10 days | Progressive (Pure) | López I PProg–PMod | |||||
| Álvaro Gómez Becerra (1771–1855) | 19 May 1843 | 23 July 1843 | 65 days | Progressive (Esparterist) | Gómez Becerra PProg | |||||
| Joaquín María López (1798–1855) | 23 July 1843 | 20 November 1843 | 120 days | Progressive (Pure) | López II PProg–PMod | President of the Provisional Government (1843) | ||||
| Sep. 1843 | ||||||||||
| Queen Isabella II (1843–1868) | ||||||||||
| Salustiano Olózaga (1805–1873) | 20 November 1843 | 29 November 1843 | 9 days | Olózaga PProg–PMod | ||||||
| Luis González Bravo (1811–1871) | 5 December 1843 | 3 May 1844 | 150 days | Moderate | González Bravo I Young Spain | |||||
| Captain General Ramón María Narváez (1800–1868) | 3 May 1844 | 11 February 1846 | 1 year, 284 days | Narváez I PMod | ||||||
| 1844 | ||||||||||
| Manuel Pando 2nd Marquis of Miraflores (1792–1872) | 12 February 1846 | 16 March 1846 | 32 days | Miraflores I PMod | ||||||
| Captain General Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (1800–1868) | 16 March 1846 | 5 April 1846 | 20 days | Narváez II PMod | ||||||
| Francisco Javier de Istúriz (1790–1871) | 5 April 1846 | 28 January 1847 | 298 days | Istúriz II PMod | ||||||
| 1846 | ||||||||||
| Carlos Martínez de Irujo Duke of Sotomayor 2nd Marquis of Casa Irujo (1802–1855) | 28 January 1847 | 28 March 1847 | 59 days | Sotomayor PMod | ||||||
| Joaquín Francisco Pacheco (1808–1865) | 28 March 1847 | 31 August 1847 | 156 days | Pacheco PMod | ||||||
| Florencio García Goyena (1783–1855) | 12 September 1847 | 4 October 1847 | 22 days | Goyena PMod | ||||||
| Captain General Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (1800–1868) | 4 October 1847 | 19 October 1849 | 2 years, 15 days | Narváez III PMod | ||||||
| Serafín María de Sotto 3rd Count of Clonard (1793–1862) | 19 October 1849 | 20 October 1849 | 1 day | De Sotto PMod | ||||||
| Captain General Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (1800–1868) | 20 October 1849 | 10 January 1851 | 1 year, 82 days | Narváez IV PMod | ||||||
| 1850 | ||||||||||
| Juan Bravo Murillo (1803–1873) | 14 January 1851 | 14 December 1852 | 1 year, 335 days | Bravo Murillo PMod | ||||||
| 1851 | ||||||||||
| Lieutenant General Federico Roncali Count of Alcoy (1809–1857) | 14 December 1852 | 14 April 1853 | 121 days | Roncali PMod | ||||||
| 1853 | ||||||||||
| Lieutenant General Francisco Lersundi (1817–1874) | 14 April 1853 | 19 September 1853 | 158 days | Lersundi PMod | ||||||
| Luis José Sartorius Count of San Luis (1820–1871) | 19 September 1853 | 17 July 1854 | 301 days | Sartorius PMod | ||||||
| Lieutenant General Fernando Fernández de Córdova (1809–1883) | 17 July 1854 | 18 July 1854 | 1 day | Córdova PMod | ||||||
| Ángel de Saavedra Duke of Rivas (1791–1865) | 18 July 1854 | 19 July 1854 | 1 day | Rivas PMod | ||||||
| Captain General Baldomero Espartero Duke of la Victoria and Morella (1793–1879) | 19 July 1854 | 28 November 1854 | 1 year, 361 days | Progressive | Espartero III PProg | |||||
| 1854 | ||||||||||
| 28 November 1854 | 14 July 1856 | Espartero IV PProg | ||||||||
| Captain General Leopoldo O'Donnell Count of Lucena (1809–1867) | 14 July 1856 | 12 October 1856 | 90 days | Liberal Union | O'Donnell I UL | |||||
| Captain General Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (1800–1868) | 12 October 1856 | 15 October 1857 | 1 year, 3 days | Moderate | Narváez V PMod | |||||
| 1857 | ||||||||||
| Captain General Francisco Armero Peñaranda (1804–1866) | 15 October 1857 | 14 January 1858 | 91 days | Peñaranda PMod | ||||||
| Francisco Javier de Istúriz (1790–1871) | 14 January 1858 | 30 June 1858 | 167 days | Istúriz III PMod | ||||||
| Captain General Leopoldo O'Donnell Count of Lucena (1809–1867) | 30 June 1858 | 7 November 1859 | 1 year, 130 days | Liberal Union | O'Donnell II UL | |||||
| 1858 | ||||||||||
| Saturnino Calderón Collantes (interim) (1799–1864) | 7 November 1859 | 30 April 1860 | 175 days | Calderón (interim) UL | ||||||
| Captain General Leopoldo O'Donnell Duke of Tetuán (1809–1867) | 30 April 1860 | 17 January 1863 | 2 years, 306 days | O'Donnell II UL | ||||||
| 17 January 1863 | 2 March 1863 | O'Donnell III UL | ||||||||
| Manuel Pando 2nd Marquis of Miraflores (1792–1872) | 2 March 1863 | 17 January 1864 | 321 days | Moderate | Miraflores II PMod | |||||
| 1863 | ||||||||||
| Lorenzo Arrazola (1795–1873) | 17 January 1864 | 1 March 1864 | 44 days | Arrazola PMod | ||||||
| Alejandro Mon (1801–1883) | 1 March 1864 | 16 September 1864 | 199 days | Mon PMod | ||||||
| Captain General Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (1800–1868) | 16 September 1864 | 21 June 1865 | 278 days | Narváez VI PMod | ||||||
| 1864 | ||||||||||
| Captain General Leopoldo O'Donnell Duke of Tetuán (1809–1867) | 21 June 1865 | 10 July 1866 | 1 year, 19 days | Liberal Union | O'Donnell IV UL | |||||
| 1865 | ||||||||||
| Captain General Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (1800–1868) | 10 July 1866 | 23 April 1868† | 1 year, 288 days | Moderate | Narváez VII PMod | |||||
| 1867 | ||||||||||
| Luis González Bravo (1811–1871) | 23 April 1868 | 19 September 1868 | 149 days | González Bravo II PMod | ||||||
| Captain General José Gutiérrez de la Concha Marquis of Havana (1809–1895) | 19 September 1868 | 30 September 1868 | 11 days | Havana PMod | ||||||
Democratic Sexennium and First Republic (1868–1874)
Governments:
- Constitutional
- Radical
- Republican
- Federal Republican
- Unitary Republican
- Constitutional
- Mixed coalition
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Party | Government Composition | Election | Head of State (Tenure) | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
| Captain General Francisco Serrano Duke of la Torre (1810–1885) | 3 October 1868 | 25 February 1869 | 258 days | Liberal Union | Serrano I UL–PProg | N/A | President/ Regent Francisco Serrano (1868–1871) | |||
| 1869 | ||||||||||
| 25 February 1869 | 18 June 1869 | Serrano II UL–PProg | ||||||||
| Captain General Juan Prim Marquis of los Castillejos (1814–1870) | 18 June 1869 | 25 August 1869 | 68 days | Progressive | Prim PProg–UL | |||||
| During this interval, Minister of the Navy Juan Bautista Topete served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| Captain General Juan Prim Marquis of los Castillejos (1814–1870) | 21 September 1869 | 27 December 1870† (assassinated) | 1 year, 97 days | Progressive | ||||||
| Admiral Juan Bautista Topete (interim) (1821–1885) | 27 December 1870 | 4 January 1871 | 8 days | Liberal Union | Topete (interim) PProg–UL | |||||
| King Amadeo I (1871–1873) | ||||||||||
| Captain General Francisco Serrano Duke of la Torre (1810–1885) | 4 January 1871 | 24 July 1871 | 201 days | Serrano III UL–PProg | ||||||
| 1871 | ||||||||||
| Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (1833–1895) | 24 July 1871 | 5 October 1871 | 73 days | Radical | Ruiz Zorrilla I PR–PProg | |||||
| Counter Admiral José Malcampo (1828–1880) | 5 October 1871 | 21 December 1871 | 77 days | Constitutional | Malcampo PC | |||||
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1825–1903) | 21 December 1871 | 20 February 1872 | 157 days | Sagasta I PC | ||||||
| 20 February 1872 | 26 May 1872 | Sagasta II PC | ||||||||
| Apr. 1872 | ||||||||||
| Captain General Francisco Serrano Duke of la Torre (1810–1885) | 26 May 1872 | 13 June 1872 | 18 days | Serrano IV PC | ||||||
| Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (1833–1895) | 13 June 1872 | 11 February 1873 | 244 days | Radical | Ruiz Zorrilla II PR | |||||
| Aug. 1872 | ||||||||||
| Estanislao Figueras (1819–1882) | 12 February 1873 | 24 February 1873 | 119 days | Republican | Figueras I PRDF–PR–RU | President of the Executive Power (1873–1874) | ||||
| 24 February 1873 | 11 June 1873 | Figueras II PRDF–RU | ||||||||
| 1873 | ||||||||||
| Francisco Pi y Margall (1824–1901) | 11 June 1873 | 18 July 1873 | 37 days | Pi y Margall PRDF– RU from Jun 1873 | ||||||
| Nicolás Salmerón (1838–1908) | 18 July 1873 | 7 September 1873 | 51 days | Salmerón PRDF–RU | ||||||
| Emilio Castelar (1832–1899) | 7 September 1873 | 3 January 1874 | 118 days | Castelar RU | ||||||
| Captain General Francisco Serrano Duke of la Torre (1810–1885) | 3 January 1874 | 26 February 1874 | 54 days | Constitutional | Serrano V PC–RU– PR from Jan 1874 | N/A | ||||
| Juan de Zavala Marquis of Sierra Bullones (1804–1879) | 26 February 1874 | 13 May 1874 | 123 days | Zavala I PC–RU–PR | ||||||
| 13 May 1874 | 29 June 1874 | Zavala II PC | ||||||||
| During this interval, Minister of Governance Práxedes Mateo Sagasta served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1825–1903) | 3 September 1874 | 31 December 1874 | 119 days | Constitutional | Sagasta III PC | |||||
Bourbon Restoration in Spain (1874–1931)
Governments:
- Conservative
- Liberal
- Dynastic Left
- Liberal Unity
- Democratic/Liberal Democratic
- Maurist
- Military
- Civil Directory
- Mixed coalition
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Party | Government Composition | Election | Monarch (Reign) | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
| Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897) | 31 December 1874 | 12 September 1875 | 255 days | Conservative | Cánovas I PLC | N/A | President of the Regency Ministry (1874–1875) | |||
| King Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | ||||||||||
| Lieutenant General Joaquín Jovellar (1819–1892) | 12 September 1875 | 2 December 1875 | 81 days | Jovellar PLC | ||||||
| Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897) | 2 December 1875 | 7 March 1879 | 3 years, 95 days | Cánovas II PLC | ||||||
| 1876 | ||||||||||
| Captain General Arsenio Martínez Campos (1831–1900) | 7 March 1879 | 9 December 1879 | 277 days | Martínez Campos PLC | ||||||
| 1879 | ||||||||||
| Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897) | 9 December 1879 | 8 February 1881 | 1 year, 61 days | Cánovas III PLC | ||||||
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1825–1903) | 8 February 1881 | 13 October 1883 | 2 years, 247 days | Liberal | Sagasta IV PLF | |||||
| 1881 | ||||||||||
| José Posada Herrera (1814–1885) | 13 October 1883 | 18 January 1884 | 97 days | Dynastic Left | Posada Herrera ID | |||||
| Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897) | 18 January 1884 | 27 November 1885 | 1 year, 313 days | Conservative | Cánovas IV PLC | |||||
| 1884 | ||||||||||
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1825–1903) | 27 November 1885 | 11 December 1888 | 4 years, 220 days | Liberal | Sagasta V PL | Queen Regent Maria Christina of Austria (1885–1902) | ||||
| 1886 | ||||||||||
| 11 December 1888 | 21 January 1890 | Sagasta VI PL | ||||||||
| 21 January 1890 | 5 July 1890 | Sagasta VII PL | ||||||||
| Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897) | 5 July 1890 | 23 November 1891 | 2 years, 159 days | Conservative | Cánovas V PLC | |||||
| 1891 | ||||||||||
| 23 November 1891 | 11 December 1892 | Cánovas VI PLC | ||||||||
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1825–1903) | 11 December 1892 | 23 March 1895 | 2 years, 102 days | Liberal | Sagasta VIII PL | |||||
| 1893 | ||||||||||
| Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897) | 23 March 1895 | 8 August 1897† (assassinated) | 2 years, 138 days | Conservative | Cánovas VII PLC | |||||
| 1896 | ||||||||||
| During this interval, Minister of War Marcelo Azcárraga served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| Lieutenant General Marcelo Azcárraga (1832–1915) | 21 August 1897 | 4 October 1897 | 44 days | Conservative | Azcárraga I PLC | |||||
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1825–1903) | 4 October 1897 | 4 March 1899 | 1 year, 151 days | Liberal | Sagasta IX PL | |||||
| 1898 | ||||||||||
| Francisco Silvela (1843–1905) | 4 March 1899 | 23 October 1900 | 1 year, 233 days | Conservative Union | Silvela I PLC | |||||
| 1899 | ||||||||||
| Lieutenant General Marcelo Azcárraga (1832–1915) | 23 October 1900 | 6 March 1901 | 134 days | Conservative | Azcárraga II PLC | |||||
| Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1825–1903) | 6 March 1901 | 19 March 1902 | 1 year, 275 days | Liberal | Sagasta X PL | |||||
1901 | ||||||||||
| 19 March 1902 | 15 November 1902 | Sagasta XI PL | ||||||||
| King Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | ||||||||||
| 15 November 1902 | 6 December 1902 | Sagasta XII PL | ||||||||
| Francisco Silvela (1843–1905) | 6 December 1902 | 20 July 1903 | 226 days | Conservative | Silvela II PLC | |||||
| 1903 | ||||||||||
| Raimundo Fernández Villaverde Marquis of Pozo Rubio (1848–1905) | 20 July 1903 | 5 December 1903 | 138 days | Villaverde I PLC | ||||||
| Antonio Maura (1853–1925) | 5 December 1903 | 16 December 1904 | 1 year, 11 days | Maura I PLC | ||||||
| Lieutenant General Marcelo Azcárraga (1832–1915) | 16 December 1904 | 27 January 1905 | 42 days | Azcárraga III PLC | ||||||
| Raimundo Fernández Villaverde Marquis of Pozo Rubio (1848–1905) | 27 January 1905 | 23 June 1905 | 147 days | Conservative (Villaverdist) | Villaverde II PLC | |||||
| Eugenio Montero Ríos (1832–1914) | 23 June 1905 | 31 October 1905 | 161 days | Liberal | Montero Ríos I PL | |||||
| 1905 | ||||||||||
| 31 October 1905 | 1 December 1905 | Montero Ríos II PL | ||||||||
| Segismundo Moret (1833–1913) | 1 December 1905 | 6 July 1906 | 217 days | Moret I PL | ||||||
| Captain General José López Domínguez (1829–1911) | 6 July 1906 | 30 November 1906 | 147 days | López Dominguez PL | ||||||
| Segismundo Moret (1833–1913) | 30 November 1906 | 4 December 1906 | 4 days | Moret II PL | ||||||
| Antonio Aguilar y Correa 8th Marquis of la Vega de Armijo (1824–1908) | 4 December 1906 | 25 January 1907 | 52 days | Vega de Armijo PL | ||||||
| Antonio Maura (1853–1925) | 25 January 1907 | 21 October 1909 | 2 years, 269 days | Conservative | Maura II PLC | |||||
| 1907 | ||||||||||
| Segismundo Moret (1833–1913) | 21 October 1909 | 9 February 1910 | 111 days | Liberal | Moret III PL | |||||
| José Canalejas (1854–1912) | 9 February 1910 | 2 January 1911 | 2 years, 277 days | Democratic | Canalejas I PDM until Jun 1910 | |||||
| Liberal | 1910 | |||||||||
| 2 January 1911 | 3 April 1911 | Canalejas II PL | ||||||||
| 3 April 1911 | 12 November 1912† (assassinated) | Canalejas III PL | ||||||||
| During this interval, Minister of State Manuel García Prieto served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| Álvaro de Figueroa Count of Romanones (1863–1950) | 14 November 1912 | 31 December 1912 | 347 days | Liberal (Romanonist) | Romanones I PL | |||||
| 31 December 1912 | 27 October 1913 | Romanones II PL | ||||||||
| Eduardo Dato (1856–1921) | 27 October 1913 | 9 December 1915 | 2 years, 43 days | Conservative (Datist) | Dato I PLC | |||||
| 1914 | ||||||||||
| Álvaro de Figueroa Count of Romanones (1863–1950) | 9 December 1915 | 19 April 1917 | 1 year, 131 days | Liberal (Romanonist) | Romanones III PL–LD | |||||
| 1916 | ||||||||||
| Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (1859–1938) | 19 April 1917 | 11 June 1917 | 53 days | Liberal Democrats | García Prieto I LD–IL | |||||
| Eduardo Dato (1856–1921) | 11 June 1917 | 3 November 1917 | 145 days | Conservative (Datist) | Dato II PLC | |||||
| Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (1859–1938) | 3 November 1917 | 22 March 1918 | 139 days | Liberal Democrats | García Prieto II LD–L–PM–CC– LRC until Mar 1918 | |||||
| Antonio Maura (1853–1925) | 22 March 1918 | 9 November 1918 | 232 days | Maurist | Maura III PM–PLC–LD–L–LRC– IL until Oct 1918 | 1918 | ||||
| Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (1859–1938) | 9 November 1918 | 5 December 1918 | 26 days | Liberal Democrats | García Prieto III LD–L–IL | |||||
| Álvaro de Figueroa Count of Romanones (1863–1950) | 5 December 1918 | 14 April 1919 | 130 days | Liberal (Romanonist) | Romanones IV L | |||||
| Antonio Maura (1853–1925) | 14 April 1919 | 20 July 1919 | 97 days | Maurist | Maura IV PM–CC | |||||
| Joaquín Sánchez de Toca (1852–1942) | 20 July 1919 | 12 December 1919 | 145 days | Conservative (Datist) | Sánchez de Toca PLC | |||||
| 1919 | ||||||||||
| Manuel Allendesalazar (1856–1923) | 12 December 1919 | 5 May 1920 | 145 days | Conservative | Allendesalazar I PLC–LD–L–IL | |||||
| Eduardo Dato (1856–1921) | 5 May 1920 | 8 March 1921† (assassinated) | 307 days | Conservative (Datist) | Dato III PLC | |||||
| 1920 | ||||||||||
| During this interval, Minister of Governance Gabino Bugallal served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| Manuel Allendesalazar (1856–1923) | 13 March 1921 | 14 August 1921 | 154 days | Conservative | Allendesalazar II PLC–CC | |||||
| Antonio Maura (1853–1925) | 14 August 1921 | 8 March 1922 | 206 days | Maurist | Maura V PM–L–CC–PLC–LRC | |||||
| José Sánchez-Guerra (1859–1935) | 8 March 1922 | 7 December 1922 | 274 days | Conservative | Sánchez-Guerra PLC– PM–LRC until Apr 1922 | |||||
| Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (1859–1938) | 7 December 1922 | 15 September 1923 | 282 days | Liberal Democrats | García Prieto IV LD–L–IL– PR until Apr 1923 | |||||
| 1923 | ||||||||||
| Lieutenant General Miguel Primo de Rivera 2nd Marquis of Estella (1870–1930) | 15 September 1923 | 3 December 1925 | 6 years, 137 days | Military | Military Directory Mil. | N/A | ||||
| 3 December 1925 | 30 January 1930 | Patriotic Union | Civil Directory UP–Mil. | |||||||
| Lieutenant General Dámaso Berenguer Count of Xauen (1873–1953) | 30 January 1930 | 18 February 1931 | 1 year, 19 days | Military | Berenguer Mil.–Ind. | |||||
| Captain General Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas (1860–1933) | 18 February 1931 | 14 April 1931 | 55 days | Aznar-Cabañas Mil.–Ind. | ||||||
Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939)
Governments:
- Provisional
- Reformist
- Radical
- Radical–Cedist
- Centrist
- Popular Front
- War cabinet
- Mixed coalition
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Party | Government Composition | Election | President (Tenure) | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
| Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1877–1949) | 14 April 1931 | 14 October 1931 | 183 days | DLR / PRP | Alcalá-Zamora PSOE–PRR–PRRS–DLR/PRP– AR–ORGA–PCR | N/A | President of the Provisional Government (1931) | |||
| 1931 | ||||||||||
| Manuel Azaña (1880–1940) | 14 October 1931 | 11 December 1931 | 1 year, 333 days | AR | Azaña I PSOE–PRR–PRRS–AR–ORGA–PCR | |||||
| 16 December 1931 | 12 June 1933 | Azaña II PSOE–PRRS–AR–ERC–ORGA/PRG | President Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1931–1936) | |||||||
| 12 June 1933 | 12 September 1933 | Azaña III PSOE–PRRS–AR–ERC–PRG–PRDF | ||||||||
| Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949) | 12 September 1933 | 8 October 1933 | 26 days | PRR | Lerroux I PRR–PRRS–ERC–AR–ORGA–IRS | |||||
| Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962) | 8 October 1933 | 16 December 1933 | 69 days | Martínez Barrio I PRR–PRRS–ERC–AR–ORGA–PRP–IRS | ||||||
| Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949) | 16 December 1933 | 3 March 1934 | 133 days | Lerroux II PRR–PAE–PRP–PRLD–PRG | 1933 | |||||
| 3 March 1934 | 28 April 1934 | Lerroux III PRR–PAE–PRP–PRLD–PRG | ||||||||
| Ricardo Samper (1881–1938) | 28 April 1934 | 4 October 1934 | 159 days | Samper PRR–PAE–PRP–PRLD–PRG | ||||||
| Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949) | 4 October 1934 | 3 April 1935 | 356 days | Lerroux IV PRR–CEDA–PAE–PRLD | ||||||
| 3 April 1935 | 6 May 1935 | Lerroux V PRR–PRP–Ind. | ||||||||
| 6 May 1935 | 25 September 1935 | Lerroux VI CEDA–PRR–PAE–PRLD | ||||||||
| Joaquín Chapaprieta (1871–1951) | 25 September 1935 | 29 October 1935 | 80 days | Independent | Chapaprieta I CEDA–PRR–PAE–LC | |||||
| 29 October 1935 | 14 December 1935 | Chapaprieta II CEDA–PRR–PAE–LC | ||||||||
| Manuel Portela Valladares (1867–1952) | 14 December 1935 | 30 December 1935 | 67 days | Portela I Ind.–PRR–PAE–LC–PRP–PRLD | ||||||
| 30 December 1935 | 19 February 1936 | PCD | Portela II PCD–PRP–Ind. | |||||||
| Manuel Azaña (1880–1940) | 19 February 1936 | 10 May 1936 | 81 days | IR | Azaña IV IR–UR | 1936 | ||||
| Augusto Barcía Trelles (interim) (1881–1961) | 10 May 1936 | 13 May 1936 | 3 days | Barcía Trelles (interim) IR–UR | President Manuel Azaña (1936–1939) | |||||
| Santiago Casares Quiroga (1884–1950) | 13 May 1936 | 18 July 1936 | 66 days | Casares Quiroga IR–UR–ERC | ||||||
| Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962) | 18 July 1936 | 19 July 1936 | 1 day | UR | Martínez Barrio II UR–PNR–IR–ERC | |||||
| José Giral (1879–1962) | 19 July 1936 | 4 September 1936 | 47 days | IR | Giral IR–UR–ERC | |||||
| Francisco Largo Caballero (1869–1946) | 4 September 1936 | 4 November 1936 | 255 days | PSOE | Largo Caballero I PSOE–IR–PCE–UR–ERC–PNV | |||||
| 4 November 1936 | 17 May 1937 | Largo Caballero II PSOE–CNT–IR–PCE–UR–ERC–PNV | ||||||||
| Juan Negrín (1892–1956) | 17 May 1937 | 5 April 1938 | 1 year, 292 days | Negrín I PSOE–IR–PCE–UR–ERC–PNV | ||||||
| 5 April 1938 | 31 March 1939 | Negrín II PSOE–IR–UR–PCE–PNV–CNT– ERC until Aug 1938 PSUC–ANV from Aug 1938 | ||||||||
Francoist Spain (1936–1975)
Governments:
- National Movement
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Party | Government Composition | Election | Head of State (Tenure) | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
| Generalissimo Francisco Franco (1892–1975) | 30 January 1938 | 9 August 1939 | 35 years, 129 days | National Movement (Military) | Franco I National Movement | N/A | Caudillo Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | |||
| 9 August 1939 | 20 July 1945 | Franco II National Movement | ||||||||
| 20 July 1945 | 19 July 1951 | Franco III National Movement | ||||||||
| 19 July 1951 | 25 February 1957 | Franco IV National Movement | ||||||||
| 25 February 1957 | 11 July 1962 | Franco V National Movement | ||||||||
| 11 July 1962 | 8 July 1965 | Franco VI National Movement | ||||||||
| 8 July 1965 | 30 October 1969 | Franco VII National Movement | ||||||||
| 30 October 1969 | 9 June 1973 | Franco VIII National Movement | ||||||||
| Admiral Luis Carrero Blanco (1904–1973) | 9 June 1973 | 20 December 1973† (assassinated) | 195 days | Carrero Blanco National Movement | ||||||
| During this interval, Deputy Prime Minister Torcuato Fernández-Miranda served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| Carlos Arias Navarro (1908–1989) | 31 December 1973 | 5 December 1975 | 1 year, 341 days | National Movement (Nonpartisan) | Arias Navarro I National Movement | |||||
| Regency Council (1975) | ||||||||||
Kingdom of Spain (1975–present)
Governments:
- National Movement
- UCD
- PSOE
- PP
- Mixed coalition
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Party | Government Composition | Election | Monarch (Reign) | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
| Carlos Arias Navarro (1908–1989) | 5 December 1975 | 1 July 1976 | 209 days | National Movement (Nonpartisan) | Arias Navarro II National Movement | N/A | King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) | |||
| During this interval, First Deputy Prime Minister Fernando de Santiago served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
| Adolfo Suárez (1932–2014) | 5 July 1976 | 17 June 1977 | 4 years, 236 days | National Movement (UDPE) | Suárez I National Movement | |||||
| 17 June 1977 | 2 April 1979 | UCD | Suárez II UCD | 1977 | ||||||
| 2 April 1979 | 26 February 1981 | Suárez III UCD | 1979 | |||||||
| Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (1926–2008) | 26 February 1981 | 2 December 1982 | 1 year, 279 days | Calvo-Sotelo UCD | ||||||
| Felipe González (born 1942) | 2 December 1982 | 24 July 1986 | 13 years, 155 days | PSOE | González I PSOE | 1982 | ||||
| 24 July 1986 | 6 December 1989 | González II PSOE | 1986 | |||||||
| 6 December 1989 | 14 July 1993 | González III PSOE | 1989 | |||||||
| 14 July 1993 | 5 May 1996 | González IV PSOE | 1993 | |||||||
| José María Aznar (born 1953) | 5 May 1996 | 27 April 2000 | 7 years, 349 days | PP | Aznar I PP | 1996 | ||||
| 27 April 2000 | 17 April 2004 | Aznar II PP | 2000 | |||||||
| José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (born 1960) | 17 April 2004 | 12 April 2008 | 7 years, 248 days | PSOE | Zapatero I PSOE | 2004 | ||||
| 12 April 2008 | 21 December 2011 | Zapatero II PSOE | 2008 | |||||||
| Mariano Rajoy (born 1955) | 21 December 2011 | 31 October 2016 | 6 years, 162 days | PP | Rajoy I PP | 2011 | ||||
| King Felipe VI (2014–present) | ||||||||||
| 2015 | ||||||||||
| 31 October 2016 | 1 June 2018 (censured) | Rajoy II PP | 2016 | |||||||
| Pedro Sánchez (born 1972) | 2 June 2018 | 8 January 2020 | 7 years, 197 days | PSOE | Sánchez I PSOE | |||||
| Apr. 2019 | ||||||||||
| 8 January 2020 | 17 November 2023 | Sánchez II PSOE–UP/Sumar | Nov. 2019 | |||||||
| 17 November 2023 | Incumbent | Sánchez III PSOE–Sumar | 2023 | |||||||
Timeline
See also
- Secretary of State (Ancient Regime in Spain)
- Prime Minister of Spain
- List of prime ministers of Spain by length of tenure
- List of Spanish monarchs
- List of heads of state of Spain
- President of the Republic (Spain)
- List of Spanish regents
wikipedia, wiki, encyclopedia, book, library, article, read, free download, Information about List of prime ministers of Spain, What is List of prime ministers of Spain? What does List of prime ministers of Spain mean?