Lists of office-holders

These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities.

A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders.

Incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes in 2024 in politics and government, and past leaders on state leaders by year and colonial governors by century.

Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons, cabinet (government), chancellor, ex-monarchs (20th century), head of government, head of state, lieutenant governor, mayor, military commanders, minister (and ministers by portfolio below), order of precedence, peerage, president, prime minister, Reichstag participants (1792), secretary of state.

Heads of international organizations

Heads of state or government

Africa

Eastern Africa

Burundi:
- List of presidents of Burundi
- Vice-Presidents of Burundi
- List of current Burundian governors
Comoros:
- Heads of state
- Governor of Grande Comore
Kenya:
- List of heads of state of Kenya
- Deputy Presidents of Kenya
Madagascar:
- List of presidents of Madagascar
- Prime Ministers of Madagascar
- Vice Presidents of Madagascar
Malawi
- List of heads of state of Malawi
- Vice-Presidents of Malawi
Mauritius
- List of heads of state of Mauritius
- List of prime ministers of Mauritius
Mozambique
- List of presidents of Mozambique
- List of prime ministers of Mozambique
- Vice-Presidents of Mauritius
Rwanda
- List of presidents of Rwanda
- Prime Minister of Rwanda
- Vice Presidents of Rwanda
Seychelles
- List of presidents of Seychelles
- Vice-President of Seychelles
Tanzania
- List of heads of state of Tanzania
- List of prime ministers of Tanzania
- Vice-Presidents of Tanzania
- Presidents of Zanzibar
- List of heads of government of Zanzibar
Uganda
- List of heads of state of Uganda
- Prime Ministers of Uganda
- Vice Presidents of Uganda
Zambia
- Presidents of Zambia
- Vice-Presidents of Zambia
Zimbabwe
- Presidents of Zimbabwe
- Vice-Presidents of Zimbabwe

Horn of Africa

Djibouti:
- Lists of rulers of Djibouti
- List of prime ministers of Djibouti
Eritrea:
- List of heads of state of Eritrea
Ethiopia:
- List of presidents of Ethiopia
- List of heads of government of Ethiopia
Somalia:
- List of presidents of Somalia
- List of prime ministers of Somalia
- List of speakers of the Parliament of Somalia
Somaliland:
- List of presidents of Somaliland
- VIce Presidents of Somaliland
- List of presidents of Puntland
- Vice Presidents of Puntland

Middle Africa

Angola
- List of presidents of Angola
- List of prime ministers of Angola
- Vice Presidents of Angola
- Cabinet of Angola
Cameroon
- List of presidents of Cameroon
- List of prime ministers of Cameroon
Central African Republic
- List of heads of state of the Central African Republic
- List of heads of government of the Central African Republic
Chad
- List of heads of state of Chad
- List of prime ministers of Chad
Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Zaire/'Congo-Kinshasa')
- List of presidents of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- List of prime ministers of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville)
- List of presidents of the Republic of the Congo
- List of prime ministers of the Republic of the Congo
Equatorial Guinea
- List of presidents of Equatorial Guinea
- List of prime ministers of Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
- Presidents of Gabon
- Prime Ministers of Gabon
São Tomé and Príncipe
- List of presidents of São Tomé and Príncipe
- List of prime ministers of São Tomé and Príncipe
- List of presidents of the Regional Government of Príncipe

Northern Africa

Algeria
- List of heads of state of Algeria
- List of heads of government of Algeria
Egypt
- List of presidents of Egypt
- List of prime ministers of Egypt
Libya
- List of heads of state of Libya
- List of heads of government of Libya
Morocco
- List of rulers of Morocco
- List of heads of government of Morocco
- Cabinet of Morocco
- Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Sudan
- List of heads of state of Sudan
- List of heads of government of Sudan
- Vice Presidents of Sudan
South Sudan
- List of heads of state of South Sudan
- Vice Presidents of South Sudan
Tunisia
- List of presidents of Tunisia
- List of prime ministers of Tunisia

Southern Africa

Botswana
- Presidents of Botswana
Eswatini
- List of monarchs of Eswatini
- List of prime ministers of Eswatini
Lesotho
- Kings of Lesotho
- List of prime ministers of Lesotho
Namibia
- Presidents of Namibia
- Prime ministers of Namibia
South Africa
- List of heads of state of South Africa
- List of current premiers of South Africa

Western Africa

Benin
- List of presidents of Benin
Burkina Faso
- List of heads of state of Burkina Faso
- List of prime ministers of Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
- List of presidents of Cape Verde
- List of prime ministers of Cape Verde
Ivory Coast
- List of heads of state of Ivory Coast
- Prime Ministers of the Gambia
The Gambia
- List of heads of state of the Gambia
- Heads of government of the Gambia
Ghana
- List of heads of state of Ghana
Guinea
- List of presidents of Guinea
- List of prime ministers of Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
- List of presidents of Guinea-Bissau
- List of prime ministers of Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
- President of Liberia#List of officeholders
Mali
- List of heads of state of Mali
- List of prime ministers of Mali
Mauritania
- List of heads of state of Mauritania
- List of prime ministers of Mauritania
Niger
- List of heads of state of Niger
- List of prime ministers of Niger
Nigeria
- List of heads of state of Nigeria
Senegal
- President of Senegal
Sierra Leone
- List of heads of state of Sierra Leone
- List of heads of government of Sierra Leone
Togo
- List of presidents of Togo
- List of prime ministers of Togo

Americas

Caribbean

Antigua and Barbuda
- Governors-General of Antigua and Barbuda
- List of prime ministers of Antigua and Barbuda
Bahamas
- Governors-General of the Bahamas
- List of heads of government of the Bahamas
- Colonial heads of the Bahamas
Barbados
- List of heads of state of Barbados
- List of prime ministers of Barbados
Cuba
- First secretaries of the Communist Party of Cuba
- List of heads of state of Cuba
- List of heads of government of Cuba
Dominica
- List of presidents of Dominica
- List of heads of government of Dominica
Dominican Republic
- List of presidents of the Dominican Republic
Grenada
- Governors-general of Grenada
- List of heads of government of Grenada
Haiti
- List of heads of state of Haiti
Jamaica
- Governor-General of Jamaica#List of governors-general of Jamaica
- Prime ministers of Jamaica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Governors-general of Saint Kitts and Nevis
- List of prime ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Premiers of Nevis
Saint Lucia
- Governors-general of Saint Lucia
- List of prime ministers of Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Governors-general of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- List of prime ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
- List of heads of state of Trinidad and Tobago
- List of prime ministers of Trinidad and Tobago

Central America

Belize
- Governors-general of Belize
- Prime ministers of Belize
Costa Rica
- List of presidents of Costa Rica
- List of presidents of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica
- List of presidents of the Supreme Court of Costa Rica
El Salvador
- Presidents of El Salvador
Guatemala
- Presidents of Guatemala
Honduras
- List of presidents of Honduras
Nicaragua
- Heads of state of Nicaragua
Panama
- List of heads of state of Panama
- Vice President of Panama

North America

Canada
- Office-holders of Canada
Mexico
- List of heads of state of Mexico
United States
- Office-holders of the United States

South America

Argentina
- List of heads of state of Argentina
Bolivia
- List of presidents of Bolivia
Brazil
- Presidents of Brazil
  - Governors of Distrito Federal
  - Governors of Minas Gerais
    - Mayors of Belo Horizonte
  - Governors of Rio de Janeiro
    - Mayors of Rio de Janeiro
  - Governors of São Paulo
Chile
- Presidents of Chile
  - Governors of Cardenal Caro
    - Mayors of Pichilemu
- Kings of Easter Island
Colombia
- Presidents of Colombia
  - List of governors of Quindío Department
Ecuador
- Presidents of Ecuador
Guyana
- Governors-general of Guyana
- Presidents of Guyana
- Prime ministers of Guyana
Paraguay
- Presidents of Paraguay
Peru
- Presidents of Peru
Suriname
- Presidents of Suriname
Uruguay
- Presidents of Uruguay
Venezuela
- Presidents of Venezuela

Asia

Central Asia

Kazakhstan
- Presidents of Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
- Presidents of Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
- Presidents of Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
- Presidents of Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
- Presidents of Uzbekistan

Eastern Asia

China (PRC)
- General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (paramount leader)
- President of the People's Republic of China
- Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
- Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
- Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
- Hong Kong
  - Governor of Hong Kong (under British rule, now replaced by Chief Executive)
  - Chief Executive of Hong Kong
- Macau
  - Governor of Macau (under Portuguese rule, now replaced by Chief Executive)
  - Chief Executive of Macau
- Tibet
  - List of imperial ambans in Tibet
Republic of China (Taiwan)
- President of the Republic of China
- Premier of the Republic of China
- Governors and chairpersons of Taiwan, see Taiwan Province
Japan
- List of rulers of Japan (emperors, regents, shōguns and prime ministers)
- List of prime ministers of Japan
Mongolia
- List of heads of state of Mongolia
- List of prime ministers of Mongolia
North Korea
- First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (supreme leader)
- Heads of state of North Korea
- Premiers of North Korea
South Korea
- Presidents of South Korea
- Prime ministers of South Korea

Southeastern Asia

Brunei
- List of sultans of Brunei
Cambodia
- List of heads of state of Cambodia
- List of prime ministers of Cambodia
Indonesia
- Presidents of Indonesia
- Vice Presidents of Indonesia
Laos
- General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (de facto leader)
- Presidents of Laos
- Prime ministers of Laos
Malaysia
- Yang di-Pertuan Agong
- Prime ministers of Malaysia
Myanmar
- Kings of Myanmar
- Presidents of Myanmar
- Prime ministers of Myanmar
- State Counsellor of Myanmar
Philippines
- Presidents of the Philippines
- List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines
Singapore
- President of Singapore
- Prime Minister of Singapore
Thailand
- Kings of Thailand
- Chakri dynasty
- Kings of Ayutthaya, see Ayutthaya kingdom
- Kings of Haripunchai, see Haripunchai
- Kings of Lanna, see Lanna
- Kings of Sukhothai, see Sukhothai kingdom
- Prime ministers of Thailand
- Presidents of the National Assembly of Thailand
- Leaders of the Opposition of Thailand
- Governors of Bangkok
Timor-Leste
- Presidents of Timor-Leste
- Prime ministers of Timor-Leste
Vietnam
- Vietnamese dynasties
- Kings of Vietnam
- General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (de facto leader)
- President of Vietnam
- Prime Minister of Vietnam
- Chairman of National Assembly of Vietnam
- Chief Justice of Vietnam

South Asia

Afghanistan
- Afghan Transitional Administration personnel
- Leaders of Afghanistan
- Prime ministers of Afghanistan
  - Rulers of Kabul
  - Rulers of Herat
  - Rulers of Kandahar
  - Rulers of Peshawar
  - Rulers of Ghazni
- Ghaznavid emperors, see Ghaznavid Empire
- Kabul Shahi dynasty
  - Turk Shahi dynasty
  - Hindu Shahi dynasty
Bangladesh
- Presidents of Bangladesh
- Prime ministers of Bangladesh
Bhutan
- Kings of Bhutan
- Prime ministers of Bhutan
India
- List of Indian monarchs
- List of head of states of India
- List of prime ministers of India
- Governors, lieutenant governors and administrators of Indian states and union territories
- Chief ministers of Indian states
Maldives
- Sultans of the Maldives
- Presidents of the Maldives
- List of heads of state of the Maldives
- List of vice presidents of the Maldives
Nepal
- List of monarchs of Nepal
- Prime ministers of Nepal
Pakistan
- Presidents of Pakistan
- Prime ministers of Pakistan
Sri Lanka
- Presidents of Sri Lanka
- Prime ministers of Sri Lanka

Western Asia

Armenia
- Kings of Urartu
- List of Armenian monarchs
- Kings of Kommagene
- Shaddadid dynasty
- President of Armenia
- Prime Minister of Armenia
Azerbaijan
- Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania
- Mihranids
- Presidents of Azerbaijan
- Prime ministers of Azerbaijan
- Presidents of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
Bahrain
- Monarchs of Bahrain
Cyprus
- Kings of Cyprus
  - Officers of the Kingdom of Cyprus
- Presidents of Cyprus
- Presidents of Northern Cyprus
- Prime ministers of Northern Cyprus
Georgia
- Lists of Georgian monarchs
- Colchis
- Kingdom of Abkhazia
  - Divan of the Abkhazian Kings
- List of sovereigns of Kakheti
- Kingdom of Imereti
  - Gurieli
- Emirs of Tbilisi
- List of leaders of Georgia
- Prime Minister of Georgia
- Chairman of the Government of Adjara
- Presidents of Abkhazia
- Prime ministers of Abkhazia
- Presidents of South Ossetia
- Prime ministers of South Ossetia
Iran
- List of heads of state of Iran
- List of monarchs of Persia
- Supreme Leader of Iran
- List of presidents of Iran
- List of premiers of Iran
- List of prime ministers of Iran
Iraq
- Sumer
  - List of Mesopotamian dynasties
- Akkad
  - Kings of Akkad
- Gutian kings
- Kings of Assyria
- Kings of Babylon
- Rulers of Adiabene
- Abbasid Caliphs
- Annazid dynasty
- Kings of Iraq
- Presidents of Iraq
- Prime ministers of Iraq
- Civilian Administrator of Iraq
Israel
- Prime Minister of Israel
- President of Israel
- Rulers of Israel and Judah
- Kings of Israel
- Kings of Judah
- High priests of Israel
- Crusader States
- Kings of Jerusalem
  - Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
    - Princes of Galilee
      - Lords of Toron
    - Counts of Jaffa and Ascalon
      - Lords of Ramla
      - Lords of Ibelin
    - Lords of Oultrejordain
    - Lords of Sidon
  - Officers of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
- Presidents of the Palestinian National Authority
- Prime ministers of the Palestinian National Authority
Jordan (formerly Transjordan)
- Kings of Jordan
- Rulers of Nabatea
Kuwait
- Emirs of Kuwait
- Al-Sabah
Lebanon
- Presidents of Lebanon
- Prime ministers of Lebanon
- Speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon
Oman (formerly Muscat (and Oman))
- Sultans of Oman
Qatar
- Emirs of Qatar
Saudi Arabia
- Sharif of Mecca
- Kings of Saudi Arabia
Syria
- Presidents of Syria
- Prime ministers of Syria
- Kings of Syria
- Osroene
- Rulers of Damascus
- Zengid dynasty
- Counts of Edessa
- Princes of Antioch
  - Officers of the Principality of Antioch
- Emirs of Shaizar
- Ghassanid kings
- Rulers of Aleppo
- Hanilgalbat: Kings of Hanilgabat, see Hanilgalbat and Mitanni
- Kings of Ugarit
Turkey
- List of Hittite kings
- Kings of Arzawa
- Kings of Lydia
- Kings of Bithynia
- Kings of Cappadocia
- Attalid Kings of Pergamon
- Kings of Pontus
  - Pharnacid Dynasty
- Kings of Galatia
- Byzantine emperors
  - Tetrarchy
- List of Latin emperors
- Empire of Trebizond
- Seljuk sultans of Rüm
- Anatolian beyliks
- List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire
- Prime ministers of Turkey
- Presidents of Turkey
United Arab Emirates
- Prime ministers of the United Arab Emirates
- Presidents of the United Arab Emirates
Yemen
- Presidents of Yemen
- Prime ministers of Yemen
- Presidents of North Yemen
- Prime ministers of North Yemen
- Presidents of South Yemen
- Prime ministers of South Yemen

Europe

Eastern Europe

Belarus
Moldova
- Presidents of Moldova
- Prime ministers of Moldova
- Governors of Gagauzia
- Presidents of Transnistria
- Prime ministers of Transnistria
Romania
- Dacian kings
- Rulers of Wallachia
- Rulers of Moldavia
- Rulers of Transylvania
- List of heads of state of Romania
- Prime ministers of Romania
Russia and the Soviet Union
- List of Russian monarchs
- Leaders of the Soviet Union
- President of the Soviet Union
- Premier of the Soviet Union
- Presidents of Russia
- Prime ministers of Russia
- Khans of the Golden Horde
- List of Kazan khans
- List of Khazar rulers
- Rulers of Kievan Rus'
- Grand Prince of Tver
Ukraine
- Rulers of Kievan Rus'
- List of rulers of Halych and Volhynia
- Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks
- List of Crimean khans
- Presidents of Ukraine
- Prime ministers of Ukraine

Northern Europe

Denmark
- Danish monarchs
- Prime ministers of Denmark
- List of legendary kings of Denmark
- Faroe Islands
  - Prime ministers of the Faroe Islands
- Greenland
  - Prime ministers of Greenland
  - Governors of Greenland
  - Inspectors of Greenland
Estonia
- Estonian rulers
- Heads of government of Estonia
- Presidents of Estonia
- State elders of Estonia
Finland
- Prime ministers of Finland
- Presidents of Finland
- Finnish rulers
- Provincial Governors of Finland
- Premiers of Åland
Iceland
- Presidents of Iceland
- Prime ministers of Iceland
- Icelandic rulers
- List of lawspeakers, see Lawspeaker
Ireland: Rulers of Ireland
Latvia
- Presidents of Latvia
- Prime ministers of Latvia
Lithuania
- List of Lithuanian rulers
- Presidents of Lithuania
- Prime ministers of Lithuania
Norway
- Norwegian monarchs
  - Line of succession to the Norwegian Throne
- Legendary kings of Norway
- Norwegian prime ministers
Sweden
- Swedish monarchs
- Prime ministers of Sweden
- Swedish field marshals
- County governors of Sweden
- Swedish semi-legendary kings
- Mythological kings of Sweden
- Kings of Geatland

Blekinge governors
Dalarna governors
Gävleborg governors
Gotland governors
Halland governors
Jämtland governors
Jönköping governors
Kalmar governors
Kronoberg governors
Norrbotten governors
Skåne governors
Stockholm governors
Södermanland governors
Uppsala governors
Värmland governors
Västerbotten governors
Västernorrland governors
Västmanland governors
Västra Götaland governors
Örebro governors
Östergötland governors

United Kingdom: List of office-holders of the United Kingdom and predecessor states

Central Europe

Austria
- Rulers of Austria
- Emperors of Austria
- Foreign ministers of Austria-Hungary
- Minister-presidents of Austria
- Federal presidents of Austria
- Chancellors of Austria (Vice chancellors of Austria)
- Habsburg
- Babenberg
- Margraves, dukes, and archdukes of Austria
- Dukes of Styria, see Styria (duchy)
- Dukes of Carinthia, see Carinthia (duchy)
Czech Republic
- Rulers of Bohemia (Czech lands)
- List of presidents of Czechoslovakia
- List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia
- List of rulers of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia
- Presidents of the Czech Republic
- Prime ministers of the Czech Republic
Germany: Rulers of Germany
Hungary
- List of Hungarian rulers
- List of heads of state of Hungary
- Prime ministers of Hungary
Liechtenstein
- Princes of Liechtenstein
- Liechtenstein heads of government
Poland
- Polish rulers
- Dukes of Silesia
- Dukes of Mazovia
- Dukes of Greater Poland
- Dukes of Łęczyca
- Dukes of Sieradz
- Duchy of Cieszyn
- Dukes of Pomerania
- List of prime ministers of Poland
- List of Polish presidents
Slovakia
- Presidents of Slovakia
- Prime ministers of Slovakia
- Parliament leaders of Slovakia
Switzerland
- Members of the Swiss Federal Council
  - Presidents of the Confederation
  - Heads of the Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, see Military of Switzerland
  - Heads of the Department of Foreign Affairs: see International relations of Switzerland
  - Heads of the Department of Home Affairs
  - Heads of the Federal Department of Finance
  - Heads of the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications
  - Heads of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs
  - Heads of the Federal Department of Justice and Police
- Federal chancellors of Switzerland
- Presidents of the Swiss National Council
- Presidents of the Swiss Council of States
- Members of the Swiss National Council
- Members of the Swiss Council of States
- Chief justices of the Swiss Supreme Court
- Presidents of the Swiss Diet (before 1848)

Southern Europe

Albania
- List of rulers of Illyria
- Monarchs of Albania
- Prime ministers of Albania
- Presidents of Albania
Andorra
- Co-princes of Andorra
  - Bishop of Urgell
- Prime ministers of Andorra
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- List of rulers of Bosnia
- Members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Prime ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
- Thracian kings
- Kings of Odrysia
- Moesia: Roman governors of Lower Moesia
- Bulgarian monarchs
- Prime ministers of Bulgaria
- Presidents of Bulgaria
Croatia
- List of rulers of Croatia
- Presidents of Croatia
- Prime ministers of Croatia
  - List of governors and heads of state of Fiume
  - Heads of state of Krajina
  - Heads of government of Krajina
Greece: Rulers of Greece
Italy: Rulers of Italy
Kosovo
- Presidents of Kosovo
- Prime Minister of Kosovo
North Macedonia
- Presidents of North Macedonia
- Prime ministers of North Macedonia
Malta
- Presidents of Malta, 1974–present
- Prime ministers of Malta, 1921–1933, 1947–1958, 1962–present
- Monarchs of Malta, 1091–1798, 1800–1974
- Grand masters of Malta, 1530–1798
- Civil commissioners of Malta, 1799–1813
- Governors of Malta, 1813–1964
- Governors-general of Malta, 1964–1974
Montenegro
- Rulers of Montenegro
- List of presidents of Montenegro
- Prime Minister of Montenegro
Portugal
- Portuguese monarchs
- Dukes of Braganza
- Princes of Beira
- Prime ministers of Portugal
- Presidents of Portugal
- List of Portuguese monarchs
San Marino
- Captains regent of San Marino, 1900–present
- Captains regent of San Marino, 1700–1900
- Captains regent of San Marino, 1500–1700
- Captains regent of San Marino, 1243–1500
Serbia
- Presidents of Serbia
- Prime ministers of Serbia
- President of the Government of Vojvodina
- List of heads of state of Yugoslavia
- Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
- President of Serbia and Montenegro
- Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro
- Monarchs of Serbia
- Princes of Zeta
Slovenia
- Presidents of Slovenia
- Prime Minister of Slovenia
Spain
- Rulers of Spain
- Presidents of Spain
- Prime ministers of Spain
Vatican City/Holy See
- Popes
- President of the Governorate
- Cardinal Secretary of State

Western Europe

Belgium
- Belgian monarchs
- Prime ministers of Belgium
- Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands
- Minister-President of the Brussels-Capital Region
- Minister-President of Flanders
- Minister-President of Wallonia
- Minister-President of the French Community
- Minister-President of the German-speaking Community
France: Rulers of France
Luxembourg
- Prime ministers of Luxembourg
- Monarchs of Luxembourg
Monaco
- Princes of Monaco
  - Succession to the Monegasque Throne
- Ministers of state
- Prime ministers of Monaco
Netherlands
- Dutch monarchy
- Prime ministers of the Netherlands
- List of rulers of the Netherlands
- Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands
- Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium):
- Rulers of East Frisia
- Rulers of Frisia
- Prince of Orange
- Duke of Brabant
- Lords and margraves of Bergen op Zoom
- Dukes and counts of Guelders
- Duke of Lower Lorraine
- Count of Bouillon
- Count of Flanders
- Count of Hainaut
- Count of Holland
- Counts of Leuven
- Bishop of Utrecht
- Marquis of Namur

Oceania

Australasia

Australia
- Monarchs of Australia
- Governors-general of Australia
- Cabinet of Australia
  - Prime ministers of Australia
  - Deputy prime ministers of Australia
  - Attorneys general for Australia
  - Ministers for defence
  - Ministers for foreign affairs
  - Treasurers of Australia

Premiers of New South Wales
Premiers of Queensland
Premiers of South Australia
Premiers of Tasmania
List of premiers of Victoria
Premier of Western Australia
Heads of government of Norfolk Island
Chief Minister of the Northern Territory
Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory
Governors of New South Wales
Governors of Queensland
Governors of South Australia
Governors of Tasmania
Governors of Victoria
Governor of Western Australia
Administrative heads of Norfolk Island
Administrator of the Northern Territory
Administrative heads of Jervis Bay
Administrative heads of Australian Antarctic Territory
Administrative heads of Macquarie Island

Cocos Islands
- King of the Cocos Islands
New Zealand
- Governors-general of New Zealand
- New Zealand Cabinet
  - Prime ministers of New Zealand
  - Deputy prime ministers of New Zealand
  - Ministers of finance
  - Ministers of foreign affairs
- Speakers of the House of Representatives
- Māori kings and queens
Mayors of Auckland
Mayors of Christchurch
Mayors of Dunedin
Mayors of Wellington

Melanesia

Fiji
- Chairmen of Fiji's Great Council of Chiefs
- Chief Justice of Fiji
- Colonial governors of Fiji
- Fijian heads of state
- Foreign ministers of Fiji
- Governors-general of Fiji
- House of Representatives of Fiji (abolished in 2013)
- Ministers for Fijian affairs
- Presidents of Fiji
- Prime ministers of Fiji
- Senate of Fiji (abolished in 2013)
- Speakers of the Fijian House of Representatives
- Vice-presidents of Fiji
Papua New Guinea
- Governor-General of Papua New Guinea
- Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
- Governor-General of Solomon Islands
- Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
- President of Vanuatu
- Prime Minister of Vanuatu

Micronesia

Kiribati
- President of Kiribati
Marshall Islands
- Presidents of the Marshall Islands
Federated States of Micronesia
- President of the Federated States of Micronesia
Nauru
- President of Nauru
Palau
- President of Palau

Polynesia

Cook Islands
- Prime ministers of the Cook Islands
Niue
- Premiers of Niue
Samoa
- Samoan heads of state
  - Malietoa
- Prime ministers of Samoa
Tonga
- Kings of Tonga
- Prime ministers of Tonga
Tuvalu
- Governors-general of Tuvalu
- Prime ministers of Tuvalu

Religious leaders

Christianity

List of current Christian leaders

List of patriarchs, archbishops and bishops

Catholic Church

List of popes
- Grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller
  - Priors of Saint John of Jerusalem in England

Anglican Communion

List of archbishops of Canterbury
Anglican primates

Other denominations

General of The Salvation Army
Moderator of the United Church of Canada
President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Patriarchs of Constantinople

Judaism

Chief rabbis of the United Kingdom
Chief rabbis of Israel

Islam

Caliphate
Shi'a Imam
Grand Mufti

Hinduism

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Arya Samaja

Buddhism

Dalai Lama
Panchen Lama
Karmapa
Shamarpa
Sakya Trizin
Supreme Patriarch of Thailand
Supreme Patriarch of Cambodia

Other lists

List of oldest living state leaders
List of current governments
List of current vice presidents and designated acting presidents
List of current legislatures
List of current presidents of legislatures

Ministers by portfolio

Defence minister
Finance minister
Foreign minister
Interior minister
Justice minister